Kungani Amathangi Amanzi Abalulekile Ezingxenyeni Zokugcina Idatha
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Kungani Amathangi Amanzi Abalulekile Ezikhungweni Zedatha
Amathangi amanzi abalulekile ezikhungweni zedatha ngoba ukuma kwesikhathi sokupholisa ukuma kwe-IT, futhi isikhungo sedatha asikwazi ukuhlangabezana nekhodi yomlilo noma ukugcina isikhathi sokusebenza ngaphandle kwemithombo yamanzi enikezelwe, egcwalisiwe ngokuthembekile. Ithangi lokuvikela umlilo (NFPA 22), indawo yokugcina yokwengeza yemibhoshongo yokupholisa nokufaka umswakama, kanye nethangi lokubamba elibandayo noma lokugcina ukushisa kanyekanye kuvikela ekuphazamisekeni kokuhlinzekwa, isidingo esiphezulu kanye nokuphazamiseka. Ukungacacisi kahle noma yikuphi kwalokhu kuyingozi eqondile yesikhathi sokusebenza nokuhambisana nemithetho.
Kulula ukuthatha ukugcinwa kwamanzi njengombhalo waphansi wezindlu zangasese ekwakhiweni kwesikhungo sedatha. Empeleni kungenye yezinhlelo ezimbalwa ezingase ziholele ekuweni kwesikhungo sonke uma zihluleka. Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi kungani amathangi okugcina abalulekile ezikhungweni zedatha - kukho ukuqhubeka kokupholisa, ukuvikela umlilo, ukuqina kwamandla kanye nezimo zokuhluleka ezivela lapho umsebenzi wethangi ungacaciswanga kahle. Sibhalelwe abanikazi, onjiniyela kanye namathimba okuthenga okufanele athethelele indawo yokugcina, hhayi nje ukuyilinganisa.
Ukuthembeka Okubalulekile Emsebenzini Kuqala Ngamanzi
Ukuphazamiseka kokuphakelwa kwamanzi kamasipala imizuzu engama-30 kufanele kube into engabalulekile endaweni enamanzi anele; ngaphandle komthamo wokugcina kuba ukuhamba kwamanzi aphansi kwe-chiller.
· Ukupholisa kuyisithiyo esibophayo. Wonke ama-watt omthwalo we-IT aphenduka ukushisa okufanele kususwe; uma amanzi okupholisa engatholakali, ama-compressor ayaphuma futhi i-IT icisha phakathi nemizuzu embalwa.
· Isitoreji silungisa ukuphakelwa. Indawo yokugcina eyengeziwe imunca ukuhwamuka, ukukhukhuleka, ukukhishwa kwamanzi, ukuhlanza nokuhlanza emuva kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuphakelwa ukuze umjikelezo ungomi.
· Ukuqina kuyinhloso yokuklama. Abasebenzi be-Tier III/IV balinganisa i-N+1 nesimo esibi kakhulu sokudluliswa, hhayi isimo esizinzile kuphela - amathangi anikeza lelo zinga.
Ukuvikelwa Komlilo Akuxoxiswani Ngakho
· Ukuphepha kwempilo kanye nekhodi. I-NFPA 22 idinga indawo yokugcina amanzi ehlala igcwele futhi ezinikezelwe yokucisha umlilo; iyisisekelo sokuvunyelwa kokuhlala kanye nomshuwalense.
· Okunikezelwe, hhayi okubolekiwe. Ingqikithi yomlilo kufanele ihlale igcwele futhi ihlukane namanzi okusebenza, itholakale ngomzuzu iphampu iqala.
· Ama-alamu nokuqinisekisa. Izinga, izinga lokushisa kanye nama-alamu okugadla kuhamba kuphaneli yomlilo; ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic kanye nohlelo lokugcwalisa/nokunakekela kuvala umjikelezo.
Ukuqhubeka Kokupholisa Ngesikhathi Sokuphazamiseka Kokuhlinzeka
· Imibhoshongo nama-humidifier adonsa njalo. Ukugcwalisa kabusha kuthatha indawo yokulahlekelwa futhi kugcina ukwakheka nokulingana komthamo kuzinzile ngesikhathi sokugeza nokudlulisa.
· Isibambeli sihlukanisa isipholeli emthwalweni. Isibambeli esipholile simunca ukukhuphuka nokudluliswa kwamaphampu ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuvikelwa kokugeleza okuphansi.
· Ukudonsa kwenqubo kuyahluka. Ukudla kwe-boiler, ukufaka umswakama kanye nokugeza kungase kudinge ukulungiswa okuhlukile; hlukanisa ukuze uvikele umjikelezo.
Ukunciphisa Izinga Eliphezulu Nokuqina Kwamandla
· Ukushintshwa kokupholisa ngesikhathi esingasetshenziswa kakhulu. Ithangi le-TES liyashaja ebusuku futhi likhiphe emini, kunciphisa izindleko zesidingo esiphezulu.
· Izipholeli ezincane. Isitoreji sihlanganisa iziqongo nokushintshashintsha, ngakho umthamo wezipholeli ofakiwe ungalungiswa ngendlela efanele.
· Isibambeli sokuphazamiseka. Ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwesipholeli noma kwenkonzo, ukupholisa okugciniwe kuthenga isikhathi sokukhiqiza amandla okuyisipele.
Kwenzekani Uma Umsebenzi Wethangi Ungachazwanga Ngokwanele
· Isiqiwu somlilo sincane kakhulu. Kwehluleka isikhathi se-NFPA 22; kuba nengcuphe yokungavunywa kanye nomcimbi ongavikelekile.
· Ukugcwalisa kabusha kuncane kakhulu. Ukuhamba kwamanzi aphansi kubangela ukuphazamiseka, ukushaqeka kokushisa kanye nokuphuma kwekhwalithi yamanzi ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa.
· Akukho sibhafa. Ukuqala okwedlulele kwe-chiller kuguga ama-compressor futhi kuyaphazamiseka ekulayisheni kwesikhashana.
· Akukho TES. Ama-chiller amakhulu afakiwe, isidingo esiphezulu kakhulu futhi akukho siqiwu sokushisa ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka.
Izicaciso Zobuchwepheshe
Indlela yokwehluleka | Umphumela | Ukunciphisa |
Isiqiwu somlilo esincane kakhulu | Ukungavumelani ne-NFPA 22; umcimbi ongavikelwe | Usayizi wokuhamba kwepompo x isikhathi; amapayipi aqondile |
Indawo yokugcina yokugcwalisa incane kakhulu | Ukuphuma kwama-chiller ngokugeleza okuphansi; ukushaqeka kokushisa | Usayizi kusukela ekuhwamukeni+ekudonsweni+ekukhishweni+emkhawulweni |
Ayikho i-buffer epholile | Ukuguga kwe-compressor; ukuphuma kwesikhashana | I-buffer yokugijima kwe-chiller yemizuzu engu-3-15 ku-delta-T yokuklama |
Ayikho i-TES | Ama-chiller amakhulu kakhulu; izindleko eziphezulu zokuphezulu | I-TES ehlukanisiwe yokushintsha okungekho esikhathini sokusebenza |
Ithangi elihlanganyelwe lomlilo/inqubo | Ukungcola; ukulahlekelwa ukutholakala komlilo | Hlukanisa izinqolobane ngokwenhloso ye-NFPA 22 |
Akukho ukuxhumana ne-alamu | Izinga eliphansi elingatholakali / ukubanda | Ama-alamu e-BMS/EPMS kanye nephaneli yomlilo |
Isifundo Somklamo Wephrojekthi
I-Center Enamel ihlinzeke ngamathangi okugcina amanzi okuvikela umlilo emaphrojekthini emazweni angaphezu kwe-100, akhiwe ngokwe-NFPA 22 duty ngobuchwepheshe obufanayo be-GFS obuboshiwe obusebenza ekuvikelweni komlilo kwesikhungo sedatha. Iphrojekthi elethiwe ngezansi ikhombisa izinga ingqikithi yomlilo yangempela engafinyelela kulo; ifakiwe ngoba ubunjiniyela bendlela yokugcina obunikezelwe buyinqubo efanayo uhlelo lomlilo lwesikhungo sedatha olulandelayo.
Iphrojekthi Yethangi Lamanzi Okuvikela Umlilo
Indawo yephrojekthi | Ukusetshenziswa | Umthamo | Uhlobo lwethangi | Ubuningi x ubukhulu | Uphahla | Kuqediwe |
I-China | Ukuvikelwa Komlilo (NFPA 22) | 8,930 m3 | Ithangi eliboshiwe le-GFS | 2 x Ø19.87 m x 14.4 m | Akucacisiwe | 2023 |
Ubungcweti Benkampani
UCenter Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd.), umkhiqizi wamathangi okugcina axhunywe ngezibophezelo futhi ashiselwe owasungulwa ngo-2008, ukhiqiza amathangi e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS), i-epoxy ehlanganiswe ngokushisa, insimbi engagqwali, insimbi egqanyisiwe kanye namathangi ashiselwe kanye nophahla lwedome le-geodesic le-aluminium kanye nemikhumbi yengcindezi ye-ASME. Imikhiqizo yamathangi ayo iqinisekisiwe nge-ISO 9001, ISO 45001, NSF/ANSI 61, EN 1090/CE, WRAS kanye ne-FM, futhi isidluliselwe emaphrojekthi emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Ohlelweni lwesikhungo sedatha, iphuzu elisebenzayo ukuthi uqinisekise izitifiketi, amaphrojekthi okubhekiselwa kuwo kanye nokwesekwa kobunjiniyela ngaphambi kokunikezwa - amandla okusebenza, hhayi nje intengo, avikela impilo yesikhungo yeminyaka eyi-10-15. Umkhiqizi ofanayo angakwazi ukubhekana nemisebenzi yokuvikela umlilo, yokwengeza kanye namanzi abandayo, kanye nophahla lwedome le-geodesic le-aluminium kanye nemikhumbi yengcindezi ye-ASME lapho umklamo udinga khona.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
U: Kungani amathangi amanzi ebalulekile ezikhungweni zedatha?
I: Ngoba isikhathi sokuphazamiseka kokupholisa yisikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwe-IT. Amathangi agcina umjikelezo wokupholisa ugcwele, anikeza isiqiwu somlilo se-NFPA 22, futhi engeza isibhafa esipholile kanye nokugcinwa kokushisa okuvikelayo isikhathi sokusebenza kanye nezindleko zamandla.
U: Ingabe isikhungo sedatha singasebenza ngaphandle kwethangi lokuvikela umlilo?
A: Hhayi ngokuvumelana. I-NFPA 22 idinga indawo yokugcina eqondile, egcwele njalo yokucisha umlilo; isekela ukugunyazwa kokuhlala kanye nomshuwalense wesiza esibalulekile.
Q: Ithangi lamanzi likuthuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kwesikhathi sedatha-sentha?
A: Indawo yokugcina yokugcwalisa ihlanganisa ukuphazamiseka kokuphakelwa nokugeza; isigcinalwazi esipholile sivimbela ukuphuma kokuhamba kancane ngesikhathi sokwenyuka komthwalo; ithangi le-TES linikeza indawo yokugcina yokushisa ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Ngakunye kususa indawo eyodwa yokwehluleka kokupholisa.
Q: Iyini inzuzo yamandla ye-TES esikhathini sedatha-sentha?
A: Ukugcinwa kwamandla okushisa kuhambisa umthwalo wama-chiller kugesi eshibhile engasebenzi ngesikhathi, kuvumela ama-chiller amancane afakiwe, futhi kusebenza njengendawo yokugcina yokushisa ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka - kuthenga isikhathi sokukhiqiza okulondolozayo.
Q: Yini ehlulekayo lapho umsebenzi wethangi ungachazwanga ngokwanele?
A: Izinqolobane zomlilo zehluleka isikhathi se-NFPA 22; izinqolobane ezincane zokugcwalisa zibangela ukuphuma kwama-chiller kanye nokushaqeka kokushisa; ukungabi ne-buffer kugqugqisa ama-compressor; ukungabi ne-TES kusho ama-chiller amakhulu kakhulu kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokuphezulu.
Umbuzo: Ingabe amanzi omlilo namanzi okupholisa kufanele babelane ngetanki?
A: Cha. Amanzi omlilo kufanele ahlale ehlukile futhi egcwele ngokwenhloso ye-NFPA 22; ukwabelana kuyingozi yokungcola kanye nokulahlekelwa ukutholakala komlilo ngesikhathi somcimbi.
Umbuzo: Izingaba zithuthukisa kanjani ukuqina kwesikhungo sedatha?
A: Zinikeza i-N+1 yomkhawulo we-hydraulic kanye ne-thermal: umthamo we-buffer uhlanganisa izikhathi zesikhashana, i-TES ihlanganisa iziqongo kanye nokuphuma, futhi indawo yomlilo ehlukile ihlanganisa ukuphepha kokuphila ngokuzimela esimweni senqubo.
Umbuzo: Yimiphi imigomo efakazela ukuthi itanki lesikhungo sedatha liyavumelana?
A: I-NFPA 22 yomlilo, i-AWWA D103-09/D100 yesakhiwo, i-NSF/ANSI 61 yokuxhumana namanzi aphuzwayo, i-ASME BPVC VIII yemikhumbi enengcindezi, kanye ne-EN 1090/CE ene-ISO 9001/45001 yokwakha nekhwalithi.
Amathangi amanzi awazona izingxenye eziseceleni kumklamo wesikhungo sedatha; ayisisekelo sokuhamba kwamanzi nokushisa okugcina ukupholisa, ukuvikelwa komlilo nokuqina kwamandla kusebenza lapho konke okunye kungaphansi kwengcindezi. Ukucacisa izinqolobane ezintathu ngendlela efanele - nokuhlanganisa izixwayiso zazo - kungenye yezinqumo eziphezulu kakhulu zokusebenza isikhathi eside umnikazi azithathayo.
Cela ukubuyekezwa kokuqina kokugcinwa kwamanzi esikhungweni sedatha okuhlanganisa imisebenzi yomlilo, yokugcwalisa nokupholisa, ngokulinganisa kwe-NFPA 22 nokuhlanganiswa kwezixwayiso ze-BMS/EPMS yakho.
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