Yini i-AWWA D103-09? Izinga Lamathangi Aboshiwe Okugcina Kwezolimo
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Yini i-AWWA D103-09? Izinga lethangi elihlanganisiwe lokugcina kwezolimo
I-AWWA D103-09 iwuhlelo olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwendinganiso ye-AWWA yamathangi okugcina amanzi ensimbi ekhabhoni eboshwe ngamabhawudi futhi ehlanganiswe efektri. Ilawula ithangi eliboshwe ngamabhawudi njengomkhiqizo, kuhlanganise nezinhlelo ezine ezivunyelwe zokuhlanganisa efektri, futhi isebenza ekugcineni kwezolimo kanye nomsebenzi wamanzi okuphuza nomlilo. Iyindinganiso yokuklama, hhayi isitifiketi, futhi ukuklama kwesakhiwo sendawo nokuzamazama komhlaba kushiyelwa kunjiniyela esebenzisa ikhodi eyamukelwe.
Isingeniso
I-AWWA D103, Amathangi Ensimbi Ekhabhoni Aboshiwe Adayiswe Efektri Okugcinwa Kwawo Amanzi, kanye nohlelo lwayo olucashunwa kabanzi i-AWWA D103-09, iyindinganiso elawula indlela amathangi ensimbi aboshiwe okugcina amanzi aklanywa ngayo, akhiwa futhi adayiswe efektri. Uma ungumthengi wasepulazini noma wezolimo, indinganiso ibalulekile ngoba iningi lamathangi amanzi asepulazini ensimbi aboshiwe, futhi indinganiso iyona ehlukanisa ithangi elibhalisiwe neliphindwayo kwelilinge. Le ndatshana ichaza ngamazwi alula ukuthi indinganiso isho ukuthini emsebenzini wezolimo nokuthi umsebenzi wasepulazini uhluke kuphi kumsebenzi wamanzi okuphuza noma wokuvikela umlilo.
Ukwakhiwa okuboshiwe kuyisinqumo esisebenzayo kwezolimo: amaphaneli enziwa futhi agcotshwe efektri, athunyelwa endaweni futhi ahlanganiswe ngamabhawudi, okugcina ukuqedwa kufana nokulawuleka kokufaka. I-AWWA D103 iyincwadi yemithetho yalowo mkhiqizo, kuhlanganise nezinhlelo ezine zokugcoba zasefekthri eziwuvumelayo. Amanzi ezolimo ngokuvamile awaphuzeki, okushintsha umbuzo wezinto ezithintwayo kodwa hhayi owezakhiwo, futhi ingxenye esele yale ndatshana icubungula leyo mehluko ukuze ukwazi ukucacisa futhi uqinisekise ithangi lasepulazini ngokuzethemba.
Iyini indinganiso nokuthi ngubani oyibhalayo
I-AWWA D103 ishicilelwa yi-American Water Works Association futhi inesihloko esithi Factory-Coated Bolted Carbon Steel Tanks for Water Storage. Uhlelo abathengi nabahlinzeki abaningi abalukhombayo yi-AWWA D103-09, ukubuyekezwa kuka-2009, kodwa indinganiso isaqhubeka nokugcinwa futhi kukhona nezinye izinhlelo zakamuva.
Kuyindinganiso yokuklama evunyelweni yomkhakathi wamathangi ensimbi aboshiwe, ebhalwe yinhlangano yemboni yamanzi ekhipha futhi izindinganiso zamathangi ashiselwe kanye nezehlahla, ngakho iqoqo lamadokhumenti lihambisana ngaphakathi. Indinganiso ibeka lokho okufanele kuhlangatshezwane nakho yithangi eliboshiwe njengomkhiqizo kanye namarekhodi akubonisa; ayiqinisekisi yona ngokwayo ithangi noma umkhiqizi. Lapho umhlinzeki ethi 'ngokwe-D103,' okulandelayo okubalulekile ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo futhi yiziphi izigaba ezisebenza kuthangi lakho.
Liyini ithangi eliboshiwe
Ithangi eliboshiwe lakhiwa ngamaphaneli ensimbi ayisicaba noma agobile akhiqizwa futhi afakwe umbozo efektri, bese ethunyelwa futhi ahlanganiswe endaweni ngamabhawudi nesivalo emihlanganweni.
Ikhodi yefektri iyisici esiyinhloko: ngoba amaphaneli aqedwa ngaphambi kokuba ashiye imboni, izinga lekhodi lilawulwa endaweni yokusebenzela kunokuba lilawulwe endaweni enomoya. Umhlangano oboshiwe, isivalo sokuvimbela nokungena kwamanzi kanye nezibophezelo kuyingxenye yomklamo, futhi ithangi limiswa ngaphandle kokushisela endaweni okudingwa yithangi elishiselwe. Kwezolimo lokhu kusho ukuthi ithangi lingalethwa endaweni ekude futhi lihlanganiswe ngemishini encane, yingakho ukwakhiwa okuboshiwe kubusa ekugcinweni kwamanzi asemapulazini.
Kungani izinga likhona
Izinga likhona ngoba ithangi eliboshiwe liwumkhiqizo ohlukile kunelishiselwe, futhi lidinga incwadi yalo yemithetho. Ukubopha kwethula ukuhlangana, ama-sealant nama-fastener angakho emthungwini oshiselwe, futhi ukumboza kwasefektri kufanele kusebenze kulezo zindawo zokuhlangana.
I-AWWA D103 inikeza imigomo engaguquki yephaneli, i-coating, i-sealant, ama-fasteners kanye nokuhlanganiswa, ngakho ithangi eliboshiwe elivela kumhlinzeki oyedwa lingahlolwa ngokwesisekelo esifanayo nelinye. Ngaphandle kwayo, umthengi ubezobe eqhathanisa izinqubo zangaphakathi zabahlinzeki esikhundleni sendinganiso eyabiwe. Indinganiso iguqula 'ithangi lensimbi eliboshiwe' lisuke encazelweni liye ekucacisweni okuqinisekisekayo.
Insizakalo yezolimo nokuthi yini eshintshayo
Insizakalo yamanzi yezolimo ishintsha umbuzo wezinto ezithintwayo ngaphezu kowesakhiwo. Amanzi asepulazini okunisela, amachibi emfuyo noma ukusetshenziswa okuvamile ngokuvamile awabekwa ngaphansi kwemfuneko yezinto ezithintwayo eziphuzwayo, ngakho indawo yangaphakathi ingase ingadingi ukuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-NSF/ANSI 61.
Umgomo wesakhiwo, nokho, awukashintshi: ithangi kusamele libambe umthamo walo, limelane nemimoya nokuzamazama komhlaba endaweni, futhi lihlale phezu kwesisekelo esiklanyelwe umthwalo. Umsebenzi wezolimo ungasho futhi ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwezinga, ukuchayeka okwengeziwe elangeni nasesimweni sezulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi okuqukethwe okunzima njengezingxube ze-fertigation, ezithinta ukukhethwa kwe-coating. Izinga lisasebenza; umusho wezinto ezithintwayo umane ubhekiswe kumsebenzi wangempela.
Izimo ezimbili eziqondene nepulazi zifanele ukunakwa ngokusobala. Ukuvikelwa ekugxameni kwamanzi kubalulekile lapho ithangi likhona esimweni sezulu esehla ngaphansi kukaziro, ngoba ingubo kanye nezinto ezihambisana nayo kufanele zikwazi ukumelana nokushintshashintsha kwesimo sezulu ngaphandle kokuthi iphaneli igogeke, futhi imininingwane yesisekelo kufanele ivimbele isisekelo ekukhukhumaleni. Ukunisela ngomanyolo kanye namanye amanzi ezolimo alashiwe kuletha amakhemikhali amanye amagqinsi angamelana nawo kangcono kunamanye, ngakho-ke ukukhethwa kwegqinsi kufanele kushiwo i-pH elindelekile kanye nezithako ezingeziwe esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi kungubo ejwayelekile yezolimo. Ukusho lezo zimo encazelweni yimikhuba egcina ithangi lepulazi lilungele umsebenzi walo wangempela, hhayi owokujwayelekile.
I-coating ne-lining ethangini lezolimo
I-AWWA D103 ivumela izinhlelo ezine ze-coating zasefekthri zamathangi ahlanganisiwe: i-galvanized, ingilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi, i-thermoset liquid suspension kanye ne-thermoset powder.
Ngokomsebenzi wezolimo, ukukhetha kulandela ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali wamanzi kanye nemvelo. I-galvanized ivamile emsebenzini ojwayelekile; ingilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi inikeza indawo eqinile, ehlanzekayo ye-enamel efanele umsebenzi onzima kakhulu noma oseduze namanzi okuphuza; amasistimu e-thermoset asetshenziswa njengezinto zokunamathela eziwuketshezi noma zimpushana ezisetshenziswa efektri. Ngenxa yokuthi into yokunamathela isetshenziswa efektri, izinga layo liyabhalwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Lapho amanzi asepulazini ehloselwe ukuphuzwa imfuyo, indawo emanzi kufanele ihlangabezane nemfuneko esebenzayo yezinto ezithintwayo, ngakho-ke qinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo olukhethiwe luthwala lokho kuhlolwa kokusetshenziswa kwakho.
Uma uqhathanisa lezi zinhlelo ezine, hlela ngaphezu kwezindleko zokuqala. I-Galvanized icacile futhi iyalungiseka ensimini kodwa inesikhathi esilinganiselwe sokuphila kwe-coating emanzini anolaka; ingilazi encibilikisiwe ensimbi inikeza indawo eqinile, engasebenzi evumelana namanzi anhlikihlayo noma anekhwalithi eguquguqukayo kodwa incike ekuxhumaneni kwe-enamel nensimbi; izinhlelo ze-thermoset zinikeza ifilimu yasefektri efanayo enobukhulu obulawulwayo. Isinqumo kufanele futhi sibonise ukuthi ithangi lizohlanzwa futhi lihlolwe kanjani epulazini, ngoba i-coating engakwazi ukunakekelwa endaweni izonqunywa ngokumelene nomjikelezo wokuphila ongafanele. Izinga livumela zonke ezine; umsebenzi wasepulazini ukhetha phakathi kwazo.
I-D103 ihlobana kanjani nezinye izindinganiso zamathangi
I-D103 iyindinganiso yokwakha yamathangi aboshiwe; i-AWWA D100 iyindinganiso efanayo yamathangi ensimbi ashiselwe, kanti i-AWWA D102 iyindinganiso yokumboza esetshenziswa kumathangi ashiselwe endaweni.
Ithangi le-GFS eliboshiwe elakhiwe ngokwe-D103 liphinde lihlobane ne-ISO 28765, echaza uhlelo lwe-enamel ngokuningiliziwe, futhi ezinhlelweni zaseYurophu ihlobana ne-EN 15079. Isahluko 6 se-NFPA 22 sibhekisela ku-D103 ngamathangi ensimbi ekhabhoni aboshiwe ambozwe efektri asetshenziselwa ukuvikelwa emlilweni. Iphuzu kumthengi ukuthi uhlobo lwethangi lunquma indinganiso eyinhloko, futhi i-D103 iyona yokwakhiwa okuboshiwe kungakhathaliseki umsebenzi - wokuphuza, womlilo noma wezolimo.
Okulawulwa yindinganiso empeleni
Empeleni i-D103 ilawula ithangi eliboshiwe njengomkhiqizo: ukuklanywa kwamaphaneli nokubekezelelana, izinga lensimbi nokulungiselelwa kwayo, uhlelo lokumboza lwasefekthri nokusetshenziswa kwalo, isivalo sokuxhumana emajoyintini, izinto zokubopha, kanye nokuhlanganisa okuhlanganisa nokuhlelwa kwamaphaneli.
Ibeke izindlela zokwamukela ukuze ithangi elethiwe lihambisane nomklamo. Engakwenzi ukuklama kwesakhiwo esiqondene nendawo kanye nokuklama kokuzamazama komhlaba, isisekelo, ukubophelela noma amapayipi angaphandle - lokho kulandela ikhodi eyamukelwe kanye nonjiniyela obhalisiwe. Umthengi wasepulazini ubona umphumela njengethangi elifika linamaphaneli abhaliwe kanye nokugcotshwa, okufanele lisungulwe futhi lixhunywe endaweni ngaphansi kokuklama okuhlukile.
Okufanele umthengi wasepulazini akucela
Cela umhlinzeki ukuthi akunikeze uhlelo lwe-D103 olubalulwe kanye nomthamo wokuklama kanye nobukhulu bethangi, izinga lensimbi kanye nohlelo lokugcoba lwasefekthri olukhethwe kwezine ezivunyelwe.
Buza ngamarekhodi e-coating nephaneli, imininingwane ye-sealant kanye nemininingwane ye-fastener, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ingabe indawo emanzi ihlangabezana nanoma iyiphi imfuneko yezinto ezithintwayo edingwa umsebenzi wakho. Buza ukuthi ukwakheka kwesakhiwo nokwakheka kokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nesisekelo kuzophathwa kanjani, ngoba lokho kungaphandle kwezinga elijwayelekile. Izimpendulo kufanele zibe imibhalo, hhayi izichasiso; ithangi 'eliya ku-D103' likhonjiswa ngamarekhodi omenzi ahambisana nezigaba zezinga, okuyikho okwenza ukuthenga kubuyekezwe.
Incazelo: Okushiwo yi-AWWA D103-09
Igama | Incazelo |
AWWA | Inhlangano Yamanzi YaseMelika, umgwamanda okhiphayo |
D103 | Izinga lamathangi okugcina amanzi ensimbi ye-carbon eboshwe ngamabhawudi futhi embozwe efektri |
-09 | Uhlelo luka-2009 lwezinga |
Kuboshwe ngamabhawudi | Amaphaneli ahlanganiswa esizeni ngamabhawudi kanye ne-sealant yamalunga, akukho ukushisela kwesikhumba endaweni |
Kumbozwe efektri | Amaphaneli asindwe ngembobo yesitshalo ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, hhayi endaweni |
Uhlu Lokuhlola Imibhalo Yomthengi Wasepulazini
Into okufanele iyicelwe | Kungani ibalulekile |
Uhlelo lwe-D103 nomthamo wokuklama | Kuqinisekisa isisekelo nosayizi oyithengayo |
Amarekhodi ezinga lensimbi namaphaneli | Kufakazela ukuthi umkhiqizo wakhiwe ngokwezinga |
Uhlelo lokumboza lwasefektri | Enye yezinhlelo ezine ezivunyelwe, efanele amanzi akho |
Imininingwane ye-sealant ne-fastener | Ubuqotho bokuhlangana buncike kukho kokubili |
Uhlu lwezinto ezithintana nazo | Kuyadingeka uma amanzi ezophuzwa imfuyo |
Ukuklanywa kwesakhiwo sendawo kanye nesisekelo | Ngaphandle kwe-D103; kufanele ivele kunjiniyela oqokiwe |
Inkomba Yephrojekthi
Akukho rekhodi yephrojekthi eqinisekisiwe efanayo nalesi sihloko emtatsheni wezincwadi, ngakho-ke le ndatshana yakhiwe phezu kokuhlaziywa kobuchwepheshe okungenhla esikhundleni somsebenzi wokufaka oshicilelwe. Uhlaka lokukhetha, ukuqhathaniswa kwekhodi yokumboza kanye nohlu lokuhlola lwamadokhumenti kuphethe isisekelo esingahlolwa umthengi wasepulazini ayidingayo ukuze acacise futhi aqinisekise ithangi eliboshiwe ku-AWWA D103-09. Lapho kudingeka khona ireferensi yephrojekthi, kufanele ithathwe ecaleni eliqinisekisiwe elisho umsebenzi, umthamo, indawo kanye nonyaka; akukho okunikezwayo lapha ngoba akukho okutholakele.
Mayelana ne-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd.) iklama futhi yakha amathangi okugcina insimbi eboliwe, amathangi ensimbi ashiselwe, amathangi e-epoxy ahlanganiswe ngokuncibilika, amathangi e-galvanized, izitsha zensimbi engagqwali, izitsha zengcindezi, uphahla lwedome le-aluminium le-geodesic kanye nophahla oluntantayo. Inkampani inolwazi lokukhiqiza olungaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 futhi isihlinzeke ngemishini kumaphrojekthi emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Uphahla lwedome le-aluminium le-geodesic luklanywa futhi lwakhiwe ngokwe-API 650 Appendix G, AWWA D108, i-Aluminum Design Manual, i-ASCE 7 kanye ne-IBC, futhi inkampani yathuthukisa futhi yathumela ngaphandle uphahla lwedome le-aluminium olungububanzi obungu-72 m ngo-2023. Ubunjiniyela, ukwakhiwa, ukugcotshwa, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nensizakalo yasendaweni kusingathwa njengomsebenzi owodwa, okuyisizathu esenza ukuthi imidwebo, isisekelo sokubala kanye nezingxenyekazi ezilethiwe zihambisane.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Yini i-AWWA D103-09?
I-AWWA D103-09 inguqulo ka-2009 yezinga le-American Water Works Association standard Factory-Coated Bolted Carbon Steel Tanks for Water Storage. Ibeka izidingo zokuklama, izinto zokwakha, ukwenziwa kanye nokufakwa kwamathangi ensimbi eboliwe anezikhonkwane ezingxenyeni zawo eziboliswa efektri ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Iyizinga lokuklama, hhayi isitifiketi, futhi isebenza ekugcinweni kwamanzi ngokujwayelekile, kuhlanganise nomsebenzi wezolimo, wamanzi okuphuza kanye nowokuvikela umlilo. Lapho umhlinzeki ebhekisela ku-D103-09, ukuhlola okusizayo ukuthi yiziphi izigaba ezisebenza ethangini lakho elithile nokuthi inguqulo yakamuva nayo yamukelekile yini.
Ingabe indinganiso ye-D103 ihlanganisa ini?
I-D103 ihlanganisa ithangi eliboshwe ngamabhawudi njengomkhiqizo: ukuklanywa kwamaphaneli nokubekezelelana, izinga lensimbi nokulungiselelwa kwayo, izinhlelo ezine zokugcoba ezivunyelwe efektri (i-galvanized, ingilazi encibilikisiwe ensimbini, i-thermoset liquid suspension kanye ne-thermoset powder), i-sealant yokuhlanganisa, izinto zokuqinisa kanye nokuhlanganiswa. Ibeka imigomo yokwamukelwa ukuze ithangi elethwayo lihambisane nokuklanywa. Ayihlanganisi ukuklanywa kwesakhiwo okuncike endaweni kanye nokuklanywa kokuzamazama komhlaba, isisekelo, ukuboshelwa kanye namapayipi angaphandle, okulandela ikhodi eyamukelwe kanye nonjiniyela obhalisiwe. Izinga liyisisekelo somkhiqizo; iphrojekthi yengeza ukufakwa.
Ithangi eliboshiwe lihluke kanjani kwithangi elishiselwe?
Ithangi eliboshwe ngamabhawudi lenziwa ngamaphaneli asetshenziswe ngemboni ahlanganiswa endaweni ngamabhawudi nesilant, ngaphandle kokushisela endaweni kwegobolondo, kuyilapho ithangi elishiselwe lenziwa ngensimbi egotshiwe enemigqa eshiselelwe, ngokuvamile esetshenziswa endaweni. Idizayini eboshwe ngamabhawudi ithunyelwa icaba futhi ihlanganiswa ngemishini elinganiselwe, okufanele izindawo zezolimo ezikude, futhi ukumboza kwayo kusetshenziswa futhi kubhalwe embonini. Ithangi elishiselwe lilawulwa yi-AWWA D100 hhayi i-D103, futhi liboiswa ngaphansi kwe-AWWA D102. Ukukhetha kulandela ukuhamba kwempahla, ukulawula ukumboza kanye nomsebenzi, nge-D103 yokwakhiwa okuboshwe ngamabhawudi kanye ne-D100 yokwakhiwa okushiselwe.
Ingabe i-D103 isebenza kumathangi asepulazini?
Yebo. I-D103 ilawula amathangi okugcina amanzi ensimbi ye-carbon eboshwe ngamabhawudi kungakhathaliseki umsebenzi wawo, ngakho ithangi lasepulazini elakhiwe ngamaphaneli ensimbi eboshwe ngamabhawudi liwela ngaphansi kwayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezolimo ikakhulukazi kushintsha ububanzi bezinto ezithintwayo: ngoba amanzi asepulazini ngokuvamile awaphuzeki, indawo yangaphakathi ingase ingadingi ukuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-NSF/ANSI 61, nakuba amanzi okuphuza imfuyo ingase adinge lokho. Izidingo zesakhiwo azishintshi - ithangi kusamele libambe umthamo walo futhi limelane nomoya wendawo kanye nezenzo zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngakho i-D103 isebenza kwithangi lasepulazini njengomkhiqizo, kanti isigatshana sezinto ezithintwayo sibhekiswe ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela.
Yikuphi ukugcoba okusetshenziswa kumathangi asepulazini aboshiwe?
I-AWWA D103 ivumela izinhlelo ezine zokumboza zasembonini: i-zinc, ingilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi, i-thermoset liquid suspension kanye ne-thermoset powder. Emsebenzini wezolimo ukukhetha kulandela ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali wamanzi kanye nemvelo - i-zinc yomsebenzi jikelele, ingilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi lapho kufunwa i-enamel eqinile ehlanzekayo, kanye nezinhlelo ze-thermoset njengezembozo zoketshezi noma zimpushana zasembonini. Ngenxa yokuthi umbozo usetshenziswa embonini, izinga lawo liyabhalwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Uma amanzi ezelwe ukuphuzwa imfuyo, qinisekisa ukuthi indawo emanzi ihlangabezana nemfuneko esebenzayo yezinto ezithintwayo zalokho kusetshenziswa.
Yini okufanele umthengi wasepulazini ayicela kumhlinzeki?
Buza ngohlelo lwe-D103 olubhekiselwe kulo kanye nomthamo wokuklama kanye nobukhulu bethangi, izinga lensimbi, kanye nohlelo lokumboza lwasefektri olukhethwe kwezine ezivunyelwe. Buza ngamarekhodi okumboza kanye namaphaneli, imininingwane ye-sealant kanye ne-fastener, nokuthi ingabe indawo emanzi ihlangabezana nanoma iyiphi imfuneko yezinto ezithintwayo edingwa umsebenzi wakho. Buza ukuthi ukuklama kwesakhiwo kanye nokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nesisekelo kuzophathwa kanjani, njengoba lokho kungaphandle kwezinga. Funa imibhalo ehambisana nezigaba zezinga esikhundleni sezitatimende ezijwayelekile; yikho okwenza ukuthenga kuhlolwe futhi ithangi liqinisekiswe ngemva kokulethwa.
Yini okufanele umthengi wasepulazini ayicele njengemibhalo?
Funa amarekhodi omenzi abonisa ukuthi ithangi lakhiwe ngokwe-D103: ukuklanywa kwamaphaneli nokubekezelelana, izinga lensimbi nokulungiselelwa kwayo, uhlelo lokumboza lwasefektri kanye nemiphumela yokusetshenziswa nokwamukelwa, ukucaciswa kwe-sealant kanye nemininingwane yezinto zokuqinisa. Funa ivolumu yokuklanywa kanye nesisekelo sesakhiwo ithangi elakhiwe ngaso, kanye nemibhalo yokuklanywa kwesiza nesisekelo uma umhlinzeki eyihlinzeka. Okwamanzi emfuyo, funa uhlu lwezinto ezithintana nendawo emanzi. Le mibhalo, ehambisana nezigaba zomgomo, iyona ekuvumela ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi ithangi elethuliwe lihambisana nalokho obekucacisiwe.
I-AWWA D103-09 iwuhlelo oluvame ukuhlangabezana nalo abathengi basemapulazini lapho becacisa ithangi lamanzi lensimbi eliboshiwe, futhi ilawula ithangi njengomkhiqizo: amaphaneli, izinhlelo ezine zokugcoba ezivunyelwe efektri, isivalo sokuvimbela ukuvuza, izinto zokubopha kanye nokuhlanganisa. Umsebenzi wezolimo ushintsha ububanzi bezinto ezithintwayo ngaphezu kwesakhiwo, ngoba amanzi asemapulazini ngokuvamile awagcinwa ngokwemfuneko yokuphuzwa, kodwa ithangi kusamele lime, limelane nomoya nokuzamazama komhlaba, futhi lihlale phezu kwesisekelo esifanele. Ukuhlukanisa la maqiniso amabili kuyisihluthulelo sokucacisa okuhle.
Uma uthenga ithangi lasepulazini, libize nge-AWWA D103 kanye nohlelo, khetha uhlelo lokumboza lwasefektri lwamanzi akho kanye nemvelo yakho, futhi ufune amarekhodi omkhiqizi akhombisa ukuthi ithangi lakhiwe ngokwalolo hlelo. Sithumele umsebenzi, umthamo kanye nezimo zesiza, futhi sizokubuyisela incazelo ebeka izinga endaweni efanele futhi iyixhumanise namadokhumenti umhloli angawahlola.
Khuluma Nethimba Lethu Lobunjiniyela
Thumela umsebenzi, isisekelo somthamo, ikhodi elawulayo kanye nemikhawulo yesiza, futhi ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lizobuya nencazelo umhlinzeki angayikhokhela futhi umhloli angayigunyaza. Sizokutshela futhi ngokucacile lapho uhlobo oluhlukile lwethangi noma umkhakha ohlukile kuyimpendulo engcono.
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