Amathangi Okugcina Amanzi Ezinhlobo Zokuvikela Umlilo: Izinhlobo, Iqhaza Nokuhlanganiswa Kwesistimu
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Amathangi Okugcina Amanzi Ezinhlakeni Zokucisha Umlilo: Izinhlobo, Iqhaza Nokuhlanganiswa Kwezinhlelo
Ithangi liyingxenye yokugcina kulolo chungechunge oluphinde luqukathe iphampu, umgwaqo omkhulu, i-riser kanye nevalvu yokulawula, futhi usayizi walo unqunywa yilokho okusele kochungechunge okungakudonsa ngempela. Linganisa indawo yokugcina ngokumelene nesidingo ekudonseni kwephampu, vumela ukungqubuzana phakathi kwethangi nephampu, futhi uphathe ithangi kanye nephakethe yephampu njengohlelo olulodwa lwe-hydraulic okufanele luhlotshaniswe futhi luhlolwe.
Isingeniso
Ithangi lamanzi omlilo licaciswa, lithengwe futhi lifakwe njengoba kungathi umkhumbi ozimelayo. Akunjalo. Liyingxenye eyodwa yochungechunge lwamanzi, futhi zonke izinqumo mayelana nethangi ezenziwe ngaphandle kokubona lonke uchungechunge kufanele ziphindwe zibuyekezwe ngesikhathi sokuvulwa, lapho ithangi ligcwele futhi amapayipi exhunyiwe futhi othile uthola ukuthi iphampu ayikwazi ukudonsa lokho okwathenjiswa ukubalwa.
Uchungechunge lulula ukuluchaza. Umthombo wamanzi, ithangi eliwagcinayo, iphampu ewuhambisayo, umsele omkhulu ne-riser ewusabalalisa, i-valve yokulawula egcina isistimu ilungile, kanye nezinto zokugcina ezikhipha amanzi. Ithangi lihlezi phakathi kwalokho, futhi liyona kuphela ingxenye egcina noma yini.
Le ndatshana ihamba ngalolo chungechunge ngethangi njengesihloko: ukuthi ithangi lingelani, ukuthi lihluke kanjani kupompo, ukuthi amalungiselelo amapayipi amanzi, amapayipi omile kanye nezikhukhula asebenzisa ithangi ngendlela ehlukile kanjani, ukuthi ivalvu yokulawula ihlezi kanjani phakathi kwazo zombili, ukuthi ukungqubuzana kokudonsa kwamanzi kushintsha kanjani umthamo osebenzisekayo, nokuthi uhlelo luhlolwa kanjani ngethangi likhona. Izinkomba yi-NFPA 22, NFPA 13 kanye ne-NFPA 20.
Izinto zokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okuvikelwa komlilo
Wonke umthombo wamanzi wokuvikela umlilo unomgogodla ofanayo. Amanzi avela emthonjeni, okungaba umsele womphakathi, umthombo wangasese noma uhlelo lwamanzi lokugcwalisa. Ayagcinwa, ngokuvamile ethangini, futhi lelo vholumu eligciniwe yilona elihlukanisa umthombo nesidingo. Iphampu yengeza ingcindezi. Ipayipi elikhulu ne-riser kuyawathwala. Ivalvu yokulawula igcina uhlelo lugcwele futhi lulungile. Izinto zokugcina ziyawadedela.
Izici ezimbili zenza ithangi libe yisici esibalulekile. Yilona kuphela indawo lapho amanzi ekhona ngobuningi, futhi yilona kuphela isici esimo saso esingabonakali ngesikhathi somcimbi. Iphampu iyashintshwa futhi i-riser elimele iyahlukaniswa, kodwa ithangi elimile ligcwele iminyaka emibili kufanele lilunge ngosuku.
I-NFPA 22 ilawula ithangi nezinto zalo ezingeziwe: Isahluko 14 sokuxhumana kwamapayipi nezinto zokuxhuma, Isahluko 12 sezisekelo emhlabathini, Isahluko 17 sokuhlolwa kokwamukelwa kanye neSahluko 18 sokuhlolwa nokunakekelwa.
Indima yethangi uma iqhathaniswa neyepompo
Ithangi nepompo zenza izinto ezihlukene, futhi ukuzidida kungumthombo wohlu olude lwamaphutha angagwemeka. Ithangi linikeza umthamo futhi, ekufakweni okuphakeme, inikeza ikhanda elithile elimile. Alikwazi ukudala ingcindezi engaphezu kwaleyo enikezwa ukuphakama, futhi alikwazi ukuletha ukugeleza okulawulwayo. Ipompo yiyo eyenza lokho, futhi i-NFPA 20 ilawula iphakethe nesilawuli sayo.
Umphumela ukuthi lezi zicaciso ezimbili zixhumene ngokusebenzisa i-suction. Ithangi kufanele linikeze i-suction ezinzile ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu lamanzi elivunyelwa umklamo, ngoba isikhathi lapho isiqiwu sicishe siphele yilapho ipompo ibaluleke kakhulu. Lapho ithangi liphakeme khona lenza ingxenye yomsebenzi wepompo; ezingeni lomhlaba ipompo yenza wonke umsebenzi.
Amalungiselelo epayipi elimanzi, ipayipi elomile kanye ne-deluge
Uhlobo lwesistimu lushintsha indlela ithangi elidwetshwa ngayo, nokuthi ireserve kufanele ihlanganise ini. Kusistimu yamapayipi amanzi, amapayipi agcwele amanzi, ngakho ithangi lihlinzeka ngesidingo se-sprinkler ngokuqhubekayo futhi ireserve iyisibonelo se-sprinkler kanye nesabelo se-hose, ngasinye isikhathi saso.
Isistimu yamapayipi omile ibamba umoya ocindezelwe esikhundleni salokho, futhi ithangi kufanele lenze izinto ezimbili. Kufanele lihlinzeke ngamanzi agcwalisa isistimu lapho amakhanda esebenza, futhi kufanele ligcine lokho kugcwalisa ngokugeleza okudingwa ukwakhiwa. Ukugcwalisa kuwukudonsa kwangempela kureserve, futhi isistimu eyomile kunethiwekhi ende ingacela ivolumu enkulu ngesikhathi esifushane.
Isistimu ye-deluge ivula iziphuma zayo lapho kutholakala, futhi konke ukugeleza kokwakhiwa kukhishwa ngasikhathi sinye, ngakho ithangi kufanele lilethe isidingo esiphezulu sasikhashana isikhathi esigcwele. Amasistimu e-pre-action ahlezi phakathi kwezimo ezomile nezimanzi, anokubambezeleka kokutholakala nokugcwalisa okufanele kuqedwe ngaphambi kokuba amanzi afike kuma-sprinkler.
I-valvu yokulawula isifafaza kanye nethangi
I-valvu yokulawula isifafaza yilapho ithangi liba yingxenye yohlelo. Ohlelweni lwamapayipi amanzi i-valvu yokuhlola i-alamu ibamba umfutho wohlelo futhi ivuleke lapho kugeleza amanzi, futhi ithangi ligcina lolo hlelo lugcwele ngomugqa wokugcwalisa. Ohlelweni lwamapayipi omile i-valvu yepayipi elomile ibamba umfutho womoya futhi ingenelele amanzi lapho isebenza, futhi ithangi kufanele linikeze umthamo nomfutho owanele wokugcwalisa uhlelo ngaphandle kokudonsa ngaphansi kwezinga lepompo.
Ukuxhumana okubalulekile isignali yezinga. I-NFPA 22 Isahluko 14 ifuna izinsimbi zokulinganisa izinga nesimo ethangini, futhi lezo zignali yizo iphaneli yokulawula ezizifundayo ukuze ibike isimo samanzi aphansi nokuthi uhlelo lokugada lusisebenzisa kanjani ukuhlola indawo egciniwe. Kufanele kucaciswe njengeqoqo elihambisanayo nesilawuli kanye nepompo.
Kukhona futhi ukuhlelwa kokugcwalisa. Ithangi kufanele ligcinwe ezingeni lalo lenkonzo yomlilo nomthamo odonsiwe ubuyiselwe phakathi nesikhathi esivunyelwe sokugcwalisa, okulenza libe umthombo othembekile esikhundleni sokuba yichibi elithulile elikhama ngokuvuza.
Ukudonsa, ukungqubuzana kanye nomthamo osebenzisekayo ovelayo
Umthamo uhlelo olungawudonsa ngempela awuwona umthamo othangini elinawo, futhi umehluko ukungqubuzana. Ukulahleka kokungqubuzana epayipini phakathi kokuphuma kwethangi nokudonsa kwepompo kunciphisa ikhanda elitholakalayo epompeni ngokulingana nesikwele sokugeleza, futhi kubi kakhulu tambe lapho izinga lethangi lisemva ophansi webhendi esebenzisekayo futhi ikhanda elimile lincane kakhulu.
Yingakho ukuhlelwa kokuphuma kucaciswa eSahlukweni 14 esikhundleni sokushiyelwa usonkontileka wamapayipi. Ipayipi lokukhipha lilinganiswa ngomthamo wethangi, i-elbow eyisisekelo yethangi lokudonsa ithatha isiphetho se-bell, ukuhlelwa kuhambisana ne-check valve, futhi indawo yokuphuma ithatha i-anti-vortex plate assembly. Ukuphuma okukhawulelwe akulahlekelwa umfutho nje kuphela; kwethula ama-vortex nokungena komoya.
Umthetho osebenzayo: umthamo osebenzisekayo ulinganiswa endaweni yokudonsa kwepompo, kusukela ezingeni elijwayelekile lokusebenza kuya ekunqanyulweni kwezinga eliphansi, futhi ipayipi eliphakathi kwethangi nepompo lifanele ukufakwa ekubalweni.
Ukuhlola uhlelo ngethangi elikhona endaweni
Ukuhlola uhlelo olunethangi lokugcina elikhona kwehlukile ekuluhloleni ku-main yomphakathi, futhi umehluko uyireserve. Ukuhlolwa kokugeleza okuthathwe ku-main kufakazela amapayipi nepompo. Ukuhlolwa kokugeleza okuthathwe ethangini nakho kufakazela ithangi, ukuhlelwa kokudonsa, umugqa wokugcwalisa nezilawuli zezinga, futhi iyona ndlela kuphela yokwazi ukuthi ipompo isebenza ngereserve ezoba nayo.
Ukulandelana kokugunyazwa kufanele kuhlelwe esikhundleni sokuzama. Ithangi kufanele ligcwaliswe ezingeni lalo elijwayelekile lokusebenza, uhlelo lube sesimweni salo sokusebenza, futhi izinsimbi zezinga zifakazelwe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokugeleza hhayi ngemuva kwako. Isahluko 17 sibeka izidingo zokuhlolwa kokwamukelwa, kuhlanganise nokuhlolwa ngokuhlanganyela nesiphathimandla esazisiwe.
Ukuhlolwa kokwamukelwa kwethangi ngokwalo kwehlukile ekuhlolweni kokugeleza, futhi kokubili kufanele kuhlelwe. Ithangi eliboshiwe noma elishiselwe ligcwaliswa ngamanzi ngaphansi kwezimfuneko zeSahluko 17 futhi kufanele liwabambe. Ukuhlolwa kokugeleza okwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye kuthola ukuvuza ngokushesha, ngakho lapho isheduli ivuma khona lezi zinto ezimbili kufanele zihlanganiswe.
Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuhlola nokuhlola
Ngemva kokusebenza, ithangi liba yingxenye yohlelo lokuhlola olujwayelekile, futhi ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe kuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokugcina iseyindawo yokugcina. Ukwamukelwa kwepompo nokuhlolwa kokugeleza ngezikhathi ezithile kukhishwa ethangini, ngakho izinga kufanele libuyiselwe ngemuva kwalokho futhi ilungiselelo lokugcwalisa lifakazelwe futhi. ISahluko 18 sithumela ukuhlolwa kwempilo yonke nokunakekelwa kwethangi ku-NFPA 25, futhi yilowo mbhalo okufanele incwadi yokunakekela ibhalwe ngokuhambisana nawo.
I-NFPA 25 Isahluko 9 ihlanganisa amathangi amanzi ngokukhethekile ngaphakathi kwalelo zinga lokuhlola, ukuhlola nokugcinwa, futhi iyisithenjwa sohlelo oluphindaphindayo lomnikazi: ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwezinga nesimo, ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle kwekhodi yokumboza, uphahla, izindawo zokungena umoya, ukuchichima nezisekelo, ukusebenza nokuhlolwa kwamavalvu ngezikhathi ezithile, kanye nokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi ngesikhathi esibekwe yizinga lohlobo lwethangi nesimo sekhodi yalo yokumboza.
Ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu ethangini elilindile kuthola ukulahleka okunensayo. Ithangi eligcwele elingagcwaliswanga kabusha ngemva kokuhlolwa linokuvuza noma ivalvu ehlulekile. Ithangi eligcwaliswa kaningi kunalokho obekulindelekile linokuphuma kwevalvu noma insimbi yezinga ekhukhulekayo. Kokubili kubonakala endleleni yokusebenza kudala ngaphambi kokuhluleka, yingakho izinga lokugcwalisa liyinombolo ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni.
Lapho ithangi lingangeni khona
Kunezimo ezine lapho ithangi lokugcina amanzi liyisixazululo esingalungile, futhi kufanele zibonwe kusenesikhathi. Esokuqala yilapho ukuhlinzekwa komphakathi kuthembekile futhi sekugcwalisa ngokwako ukuhamba, ingcindezi kanye nobude besikhathi obudingekayo. Ukwengeza ithangi khona-ke kwengeza isakhiwo kanye nohlelo lokunakekela ngaphandle kokwengeza ukuhlinzekwa.
Esokubili yilapho indawo ingakwazi ukulithwala. Ithangi elinomthamo odingekayo linendawo eliyithathayo, isisekelo kanye nomzila wokulethwa, futhi endaweni elinganiselwe lezo zithiyo zingalikhipha. Esokuthathu yilapho amanzi agciniwe engakufanelekeli umsebenzi futhi kungekho ukwelashwa okungokoqobo okukhona.
Esokune yilapho ukuhlelwa okuhlukile kuxazulula inkinga ngokulula. Ithangi lokuhlukanisa lihlukanisa iphampu yomlilo ekuhlinzekweni komphakathi futhi lingaba lincane kakhulu kunesiqiwu esigcwele. Ithangi eliphakeme lithatha indawo yephampu lapho ikhanda lanele. Kuzo zombili izimo umbuzo uyafana: ingabe isici sokugcina sibamba isiqiwu sonke, noma kuphela lokho okungekho eminye imigqa yochungechunge engakunikeza?
Ikhompi yokuhlinzeka ngamanzi okuvikela umlilo nokuthi iyiphi ingxenye enegalelo
Ingxenye | Izinga | Umsebenzi | Ithatha kuthangi |
Umthombo wamanzi | Imibandela yokuhlinzeka ngamanzi | Igcwalisa futhi ibuyisele ithangi | Umthamo wokugcwalisa |
Ithangi lokugcina | NFPA 22, Isahl.14 ukuxhumana | Igcina isiqiwu, ihlukanisa ukuhlinzeka | Lutho (umsuka) |
Ipompo yomlilo | NFPA 20 | Iguqula umthamo ube ukugeleza nengcindezi | Umthamo ogcwele osebenzisekayo |
Umgwaqo omkhulu kanye ne-riser | NFPA 13 | Ihambisa amanzi ezindaweni zokuphuma | Ibeke ukungqubuzana kwepompo |
Ivalvu yokulawula | NFPA 13 | Igcina uhlelo lugcwele | Umthamo wokugcwalisa + izimpawu zezinga |
Izinto zokugcina | NFPA 13 | Iphuma ngokugeleza okuhleliwe | Ibeke usayizi wesiqiwu |
Izinsimbi zezinga | NFPA 22 Isahl.14 | Bika isimo sesiqiwu | Izimpawu zezinga/isimo |
Ukuhlelwa kokugcwalisa | NFPA 22 Isahl.4 | IbUyisela umthamo ezingeni lomlilo | Umthamo wokushintsha |
Indlela Uhlobo Ngalunye Lwesistimu Edonsa Ngayo Emthonjeni Wethangi
Isistimu | Amapayipi | Indlela Ithangi Elisetshenziswa Ngayo | Okumele Kukhokhelwe Iresevu |
Ipayipi elimanzi | Kugcwele amanzi | Ukudonsa okuqhubekayo ngesivinini sokuklama | Isifutho + ipayipi, isikhathi ngasinye |
Ipayipi elomile | Umoya ocindezelwe | Gcwalisa bese ugcina isidingo | Ukugcwaliswa kwesistimu + isidingo se-sprinkler |
Ngaphambi kwesenzo | Umoya kuze kube ukutholakala | Gcwalisa bese wamukela amanzi | Gcwalisa + ukubambezeleka + isidingo se-sprinkler |
Imvula enkulu | Akunalutho kuze kuvuleke | Ukugeleza okugcwele ngasikhathi sinye | Isikhathi esigcwele sokudingeka okuphezulu |
Ipayipi eliqondile/ipayipi lokuhambisa amanzi | Kugcwele amanzi | Umfudlana wepayipi ngokusebenzisa i-riser | Isikhathi somfudlana wepayipi |
Kuhlanganisiwe | Kugcwele amanzi | Isifutho + ipayipi ndawonye | Isidingo esiphindwe kabili |
Mayelana ne-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd.) iklama futhi yakha amathangi okugcina insimbi eboliwe, amathangi ensimbi ashiselelwe, amathangi e-epoxy ahlanganiswe ngokuncibilika, amathangi ane-zinc, izitsha zensimbi engagqwali, izitsha zengcindezi, uphahla lwedome le-aluminium le-geodesic kanye nophahla oluntantayo. Inkampani inolwazi lokukhiqiza olungaphezu kweminyaka engu-30 futhi isihlinzeke ngemishini kumaphrojekthi emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Uphahla lwedome le-aluminium le-geodesic luklanywa futhi lwakhiwe ngokwe-API 650 Appendix G, AWWA D108, i-Aluminum Design Manual, i-ASCE 7 kanye ne-IBC, futhi inkampani yathuthukisa futhi yathumela ngaphandle uphahla lwedome le-aluminium olungububanzi obungu-72 m ngo-2023. Ubunjiniyela, ukwakhiwa, ukugcotshwa, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nensizakalo yasendaweni kusingathwa njengomsebenzi owodwa, yingakho imidwebo, isisekelo sokubala kanye nezingxenye ezihlinzekiwe zingavumelaniswa.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Iyiphi indima yethangi ohlelweni lokuvikela umlilo?
Yisici sokugcina. Igcina umthamo isistimu edonsa kuwo, igcina lowo mthamo utholakala ngokugcinwa ezingeni layo lenkonzo yomlilo futhi igcwaliswe kabusha ngesikhathi esivunyelwe, futhi iletha lowo mthamo ekudonseni kwepompo. Ihlukanisa futhi ukunikezwa kwamanzi nesidingo, yingakho isistimu enikezwa ngethangi ingasebenza phakathi nomcimbi umgwaqo wamanzi womphakathi ongakwazi ukuwusekela.
Ihluke kanjani ithangi kunepompo yomlilo esistemini?
Ithangi linikeza umthamo ogciniwe futhi, lapho liphakeme khona, inikeza ikhanda elithile elimile. Iphampu inikeza ukugeleza okulawulwayo nengcindezi, futhi i-NFPA 20 iyayilawula. Ithangi alikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wephampu, futhi iphampu ayikwazi ukuthatha indawo yethangi, ngoba yithangi kuphela eligcina isiqiwu esisinda ekulahlekelweni kokuphakelwa okungenayo. Lezi zimbili zihlanganiswa ngokusuction, futhi ithangi kufanele libonise isimo esizinzile ezingeni eliphansi elisebenzisekayo hhayi kuphela lapho ligcwele.
Ingabe ithangi lidinga i-valve yokulawula isifafaza?
Hhayi ethangini ngokwalo. I-valve yokulawula ingeyohlelo lokufafaza: i-alarm check valve ohlelweni lwamapayipi amanzi, i-dry pipe valve, noma i-deluge valve. Ukuhileleka kwethangi kungokusebenzisa umugqa wokugcwalisa ogcina uhlelo lugcwele, izinsiza zokulinganisa izinga ezibika ukuthi isitokwe sisiphelele yini, kanye nokudonsa okuletha umthamo lapho i-valve ivuleka. Isahluko 14 sikhuluma ngokuxhumana kwamapayipi nezinto zokuxhuma ezithwala lobo buhlobo, kuhlanganise nepayipi lokukhipha elilinganiswe ngumthamo wethangi kanye ne-anti-vortex plate assembly endaweni yokukhipha.
Ingabe uhlelo lwamapayipi omile lusebenzisa kanjani ithangi?
Ngezindlela ezimbili, futhi zombili zisebenzisa isitoreji esigciniwe. Ithangi kufanele ligcwalise uhlelo ngamanzi ngesivinini esidingwa ukwakheka uma amakhanda esebenza, futhi kufanele liqhubeke nokugcwalisa. Ngenxa yokuthi amapayipi awanamanzi kuze kube yileso sikhathi, ukugcwalisa kuwukusetshenziswa kwangempela kwesilinganiso esigciniwe kunokuba kube ukugcwalisa uhlelo oseluvele lunamanzi, ngakho-ke isitoreji esigciniwe kufanele sihlanganise ukugcwalisa kanye nesidingo sesifafaza.
Ingabe ukungqubuzana kwamapayipi kuthinta ukuthi ingakanani ithangi elingasetshenziswa?
Yebo. Ukungqubuzana emugqeni wokudonsa kunciphisa ikhanda elitholakalayo epompini, ngokulingana nesikwele sokugeleza, futhi kubi kakhulu ekugelezeni okuklanyelwe lapho ithangi lisezingeni eliphansi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ipayipi eliphakathi kwethangi nepompo liyingxenye yokubalwa kosayizi, futhi ukuhlelwa kokuphuma esahlukweni 14, kuhlanganise nokuphela kwensimbi yensimbi yokudonsa ethangini lokudonsa kanye neqembu lepuleti elilwa ne-vortex, likhona ukuze kugcinwe lokho kulahleka kucatshangelwa futhi kugcinwe umoya ungaphumi emugqeni wokudonsa.
Ihlolwa kanjani isistimu lapho kufakwe ithangi lokugcina?
Ngokuthi ithangi ligcwaliswe ezingeni lalo elijwayelekile lokusebenza, uhlelo lube sesimweni salo sokusebenza futhi izinto zokulinganisa izinga ziqinisekiswe kuqala, ukuze ukuhlolwa kokugeleza kusebenzise ithangi, ilungiselelo lokudonsa, umugqa wokugcwalisa kanye nephampu ndawonye. Ukuhlolwa kokwamukelwa kwethangi ngokwaso ngaphansi kweSahluko 17 kuyisidingo esihlukile, futhi lapho isheduli ivuma khona lezi zinto ezimbili kufanele zihlanganiswe ukuze ukuhlolwa kokugeleza kuthole ukuvuza ngokushesha kunokuhlolwa okumile.
Ingabe ithangi lidinga ukugeleza kwalo kokuhlola?
Kufanele likwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokugeleza okudingwa ukuhlolwa, okuwumbuzo ohlukile kumbuzo wokuthi ingabe ithangi lidinga ukuhlolwa kwalo okuqondile. Ukwamukelwa kwephampu kanye nokuhlolwa kokugeleza ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphansi kwe-NFPA 20 kudonsa kusuka ethangini, ngakho-ke ithangi kufanele lilethe lokho kugeleza kusuka kumthamo walo osebenzisekayo futhi izinga kufanele libuyiselwe ngemuva kwalokho. Izinto zokulinganisa izinga nesimo yizo eziqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokugcina yayiphelele ngaphambi kokuhlolwa futhi yabuyiselwa ngemuva kwakho.
Kunini lapho ithangi linganikezi umthombo odingekayo?
Izigameko ezine ezijwayelekile. Lapho ukuhlinzekwa komphakathi sekufeza ngokwako ukuhamba, ingcindezi kanye nesikhathi esidingekayo. Lapho kungekho sikhala somkhondo wokwakha, isisekelo kanye nomzila wokuletha. Futhi lapho amanzi agciniwe engakufanelekeli umsebenzi futhi engenakwelashwa. Futhi lapho elinye ilungiselelo lenza umsebenzi ngendlela elula, njengethangi lokunqamula ukuhlukanisa iphampu ekuhlinzekweni komphakathi, ithangi eliphakeme lapho ikhanda elilinikezayo lanele khona, noma isitsha sengcindezi sohlelo oluncane olungenayo iphampu.
Ithangi liyingxenye eyodwa ochungechungeni, futhi ukulichaza ngokulodwa yilapho amaphrojekthi agcina enomkhumbi ongalingani kahle nempompo ewusebenzisayo futhi ongesimo esifanele isiza elime kuwo. Uchungechunge alulukhuni: umthombo, ithangi, ipompo, umgwaqo omkhulu, i-riser, i-valve yokulawula, iziphuma. Kodwa isixhumanisi ngasinye sibeka umkhawulo kwesilandelayo, futhi ithangi, ngenxa yokuthi ligcina umthamo nangenxa yokuthi akukho lutho mayelana nesimo salo olubonakalayo ngesikhathi somcimbi, lithwala umkhawulo obaluleke kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke linganisa indawo yokugcina emthonjeni wokudonsa kwepompo hhayi embotsheni yokukhishwa, vumela ukungqubuzana phakathi kwethangi nepompo, cacisa ukuhlelwa kokuphuma kanye nezinsimbi zokulinganisa izinga njengengxenye yethangi, futhi uhlele izivivinyo ngethangi elisemjikelezweni.
Sithumelele uhlobo lwesistimu, ukugeleza komklamo nesikhathi, ukuhlelwa kokudonsa kanye nezingqinamba zesiza, futhi sizokubuyisela ukuma kwethangi, isethi yezinsimbi zokuphuma nezinga, ukuhlelwa kokuxhumanisa nephampu yomlilo kanye nohlelo lokuhlola oluvala uchungechunge.
Khuluma Neqembu Lethu Lobunjiniyela
Thumela umsebenzi, isisekelo somthamo, ikhodi elawulayo kanye nemikhawulo yesiza, futhi iqembu lethu lobunjiniyela lizobuya nencazelo yokucaciswa umhlinzeki angayikhokhisa kanye nomhloli angayigunyaza. Sizokutshela futhi ngokucacile lapho uhlobo oluhlukile lwethangi noma ububanzi obuhlukile kuyimpendulo engcono.
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