Ithangi Lokugcina Amanzi Abandayo Elahlukaniswe Ngezigaba: Ukwahlukana Kokushisa kanye Nezakhiwo Zokungena Nokuphuma
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Ithangi Lokugcina Amanzi Abandayo Ahlukanisiwe: Ukwahlukaniswa Kwezinga Lokushisa kanye Nejiyometri Yendawo Yokungena Nokuphuma
Ithangi lokugcina amanzi abandayo elihlukaniswe ngezingqimba lihlukaniswa libe yizigaba ezintathu: phansi okubandayo ngaphansi komngcele oxubile, uphahla olufudumele ngaphezu kwawo, kanye ne-thermocline phakathi kwawo. I-thermocline iyingxenye kuphela engenzi msebenzi owusizo, futhi i-geometry kufanele iyigcine incane futhi ikude nama-nozzle. Isingeniso esibheke phansi eduze naphansi nge-0.5-1 m/s, indawo yokuphuma ebandayo ephansi egobolondweni, ukubuya okufudumele okuthathwa ophahleni, isivimbelo sokuthulisa eduze kwayo yonke indawo yokungena kanye nokwehlukana okugcwele phakathi kwama-nozzle kunikeza umngcele oqhubeka nokuphila ngesikhathi sokushaja okungaphelele kanye nezikhathi ezinde zokuma.
Buza onjiniyela ababili bezinsiza ukuthi kungani igobolondo labo lokugcina linikeza amanzi abandayo amancane kunalokho okwakubalwe kusengaphambili futhi izimpendulo azivamisile ukufana. Omunye uchaza umoya ofudumele okhuphuka usuka endaweni yokungena, omunye uchaza ibhendi ehlakazekile eyakhukhulela phezulu phakathi nesonto. Bobabili bachaza isigameko esifanayo: i-thermocline yanyakaza, futhi ijiyometri yayivumela lokho.
Umthamo kulula ukuwubala nokuwuthenga; ijiyometri enquma ukuthi ungakanani kuwo osebenzisekayo ivela kumdwebo waseshophu kunediagram yokuhamba kwenqubo, futhi ishintsha impendulo ngamashumi amaphesenti. Ukuphakama kokungena, uhlobo lwe-diffuser, ukwehlukaniswa kwezindwangu, ibhafu emile kanye nokuqedwa kwangaphakathi konke kubalulekile.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezinga Lokushisa Kuvela Kuphi
Amanzi abandayo asinda kunamanzi afudumele, ngakho itanki eligcwaliswa ngaphansi lihlala lingamazinga. Ukugcina lelo hlelo etankini lokugcina amanzi abandayo ahlukaniswe izinga kuyindaba yokugcina amandla ngaphakathi.
· I-thermocline isabalalisa zombili izigaba. Ubukhulu bayo bulandela umfutho we-jet yokungena kanye nokudluliswa nokuxubana okwenzeka ngenkathi igobolondo ligcwele, futhi ikhula kancane ngesikhathi sokuma.
· Umfudlana we-buoyancy uyisitha emnyango wokungena. I-jet ebandayo engena ngaphezu kwephansi ngomfutho omkhulu iyantanta, idonse amanzi afudumele ngaphezulu kwayo futhi idonsele phansi umngcele.
· Ukulahlekelwa kokuma kuncane kodwa kuyiqiniso. I-insulation kuyigcina iphansi, kodwa umlomo ovumela ukubuya okufudumele ungene esigabeni esibandayo wenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokushiywa kwe-insulation.
Ngakho-ke ukuhlukaniswa kuyisici somnyango wokungena, hhayi samanzi.
I-Inlet Geometry: I-Diffuser Iyisici Sokulawula
Indawo yokungena ebandayo ifanelwe ukunakwa okungaphezu kwalokho okunikwa iphampu eyiphelezayo.
1. Faka amanzi abandayo phansi, bese ulinganisa i-diffuser ngokugeleza kokushaja. Umjelo obheke phansi phansi uhlangana nesendlalelo esibandayo okungelaso; iwindi lokushaja lifushane futhi iphampu isebenza ngokugeleza okuphelele ngesikhathi sayo, ngakho indawo yobuso ilandela ihora elibi kakhulu. Gcina isivinini sokungena ngaphakathi kuka-0.5-1 m/s ebusweni be-diffuser.
2. Faka isihlukanisi phansi kwethangi, hhayi kumbhobho wokukhipha. Ikhoni elisabalele, indandatho enezimbobo noma ipuleti elitshekile konke kuyasebenza uma kukhiphela emgodini obandayo ngaphandle komjelo okhululekile.
3. Gcina isihlukanisi siqhelelene nendawo yokuphuma ebandayo. Ukwabelana ngombhobo owodwa kusho ukudlulisa amanzi abandayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi umthamo okhishwayo wehla ngevolumu ethile.
Indawo yokungena ebekwe kabi ayikwazi ukulungiswa uhlelo lokulawula. Isilawuli sivula futhi sivala ivalvu; asikwazi ukuhlehlisa umusi osewuxube ingxenye ephezulu yegobolondo.
Ijiyometri Yokuphuma Nendawo Yombhobo
Indawo yokuphuma ichaza lokho ihholo elikutholayo, futhi ukuphakama kwayo kunquma ukuthi ithangi liyeka nini ukukhiqiza amanzi abandayo athengisekayo.
· Shiya izinqolobane kuzo zombili iziphetho. Ibhande lamanzi abandayo phansi ligcina inzika nokungena okufudumele kude nepompo; ibhande elingaphansi kophahla olufudumele limisa ukulethwa ngezinga lokushisa lokubuya.
· Hlukanisa izindwangu zokushaja nokukhipha ngejubane eliphelele eliwusizo. Ukwehlukaniswa okukhulu kwandisa ibhendi esebenzisekayo futhi kubambezela isikhathi izinga lokushisa lokunikezela lisuka emikhawulweni yalo.
· Thatha ukubuya okufudumele ophahleni lapho iluphu ibuyela khona. Itanki elamukela ukubuya phezulu kulula ukulilawula kunelibuyela esigabeni esibandayo.
Ngaphakathi komngcele wengcindezi ochaziwe kusebenza umqondo ofanayo, ngaphandle kokuthi ama-nozzle anama-flange futhi i-geometry yangaphakathi kufanele idlule ekuvalweni okunendawo ekhululekile encane, okwenza ukuqiniswa kube yingxenye yengxoxo yesakhiwo.
Ama-Baffle Nezinto Zangaphakathi Ezifakiwe
Ama-baffle ayisivikelo esishibhile ekuxubeni, futhi kufanele abe sedwetsheni kunokuba abe yisixazululo sasendaweni.
· Ipuleti lokusabalalisa lapho indawo yaphansi inkulu khona. Ipuleti elinembobo noma elehla liguqula indawo yokungena eyodwa ibe yindawo esabalalisiwe, ngezindleko zokwehla kwengcindezi okuncane.
· Isakhiwo esingaxhumanisi izendlalelo. Ama-saddle, izindlela zokuhamba kanye nezisekelo akufanele ziqhube phakathi kwaphansi obandayo nophahla olufudumele, futhi kufanele ziqiniswe ukuze zingaphazamisi ulwelwesi.
· Ukuphuma okuncane kwangaphakathi. Ilungu ngalinye liyindawo lapho kukhula khona ungqimba lomngcele nalapho ukuxega kokumboza kungenzeka khona.
Indawo yangaphakathi ebushelelezi engaphansi kuka-Ra 0.8 µm, njengoba ilethwa epuletini le-enamel ehlanganisiwe, igcina i-drag iphansi futhi yenza ifilimu noma isikali kube lula ukusisusa, okubalulekile ku-loop ebuye ithwale i-biocide ne-inhibitor.
Ukuqinisekisa i-Interface Esizeni
I-geometry ebukeka ilungile ephepheni kusamele iboniswe, kuhlanganise ne-interface yetanki yokugcina amanzi abandayo ahlukaniswe ngezingqimba.
· Bhala indawo ye-interface, hhayi izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi. Okumaphakathi kubukeka kwamukelekile ngenkathi i-interface ihlezi kwi-outlet.
· Qhuba i-discharge nge-design flow, njengoba izinga lokukhipha lishintsha i-entrainment kwi-outlet ngakho nokuma kwe-thermocline.
· Hlola i-partial charge. Igobolondo eligcwaliswe kuze kube uhhafu bese liyekwa kufanele libambe i-interface eqinile; uma lisakazeka, i-inlet momentum noma isikhathi sokuma yisona esiyimbangela.
Leyo datha iba yisisekelo sokusebenza futhi ixazulule ukungavumelani mayelana nokuthi ubani ongumnikazi wokulahlekelwa kokuxuba.
Ukucaciswa Kobuchwepheshe
Into ye-Geometry | Ukukhetha okujwayelekile | Isizathu |
Indawo yokungena ebandayo | Eduze phansi, iphuma ibheke phansi | Igcina ijethi ebandayo ngaphakathi kongqimba olubandayo |
Ijubane lokungena ebusweni besihlukanisi | 0.5-1 m/s | Ukuxubana kwejethi ecwilayo ngezansi, ukungcola ngenhla |
Indawo yokuphuma ebandayo | Ubude obufushane ngaphezu kwaphansi | Igcina ukudonsa endaweni ebandayo esebenzisekayo |
Ukwehlukana okuqondile kwembobo | Eduze kakhulu nokujula okusebenzisekayo okugcwele | Yandisa ibhendi yevolumu esebenzisekayo |
Isipele sangaphansi | Amaphesenti ambalwa evolumu | Ivikele iphampu emhlabathini nasekungeneni |
Isipele esiphezulu | Amaphesenti ambalwa evolumu | Imisa ukulethwa ngezinga lokushisa lokubuya |
Ukuxhumana kokubuya okufudumele | Ophahleni lapho kufakwe khona | Ivikele ungqimba olubandayo ekubuyeni okuqondile |
Uhlobo lwesivimbelo | Indandatho noma udonga olume mpo oluthulisa eduze kokungena | Imunca umfutho wejethi osele |
Ukuqedwa kwendawo yangaphakathi | Kubushelelezi, i-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm epuletini le-enamel | Ukuhlanza okulula ngemuva kokukhula kwebhayoloji |
Izinsimbi zokulinganisa | Ama-thermocouple ezindaweni ezahlukene ezijulile | Kufakazela indawo yesixhumi kanye nengxenye esebenzisekayo |
Icala Lomklamo
Umsebenzi wethu wokubhekisela osebenza emkhakheni wamanzi namanzi angcolile uhlanganisa amagobolondo amakhulu aboshiwe amiswa ngamazinga afanayo nezinga le-TES lesikhungo sedatha elakhelwe kulo, kuhlanganise nomklamo ongezansi.
Isifinyezo Secala Lomklamo
Umklamo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ubukhulu | Ukuqedwa |
China (Zhejiang) - amanzi angcolile amakhemikhali (P-D) | 01 ithangi eliboshiwe le-GFS | 11,613 m³ isiyonke | φ24,450 × 19,800 mm kanye no-φ12,220 × 19,800 mm | Mashi 2024 |
Amagobolondo amabili anobubanzi obuhluke ngokucacile endaweni eyodwa, elinye liphindwe kabili kwelinye, kuyisikhumbuzo sokuthi ukwehlukaniswa kwezendlalelo kuncike esikalini. Igobolondo elikhulu linendawo yaphansi umlomo wokufaka owodwa ongeke uwondle ngezinga lokugeleza kokushaja, okukhomba kusihlukanisi esisabalele; elincane lidinga umgudu owodwa wokungena obheke phansi. Indawo yepulani iyashintsha ngesikwele sobubanzi kuyilapho umthamo ushintsha ngekhubhu, ngakho indawo yobuso besihlukanisi ayikali ngokulingana.
Amandla Obunjiniyela Be-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngamabhawudi kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ane-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi idizayini ibhekisela ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Ukuqedwa kwangaphakathi kanye nejiyometri yokwehlukaniswa kwezendlalelo
· I-Enamel inikeza indawo yangaphakathi ebushelelezi kakhulu, engasebenzi ngamakhemikhali, futhi udonga olubushelelezi lunciphisa isiphithiphithi sendawo lapho kungena khona obekungagqamisa i-thermocline.
· Izihlukanisi zokungena, ijubane eliphansi lokungena, ama-baffle kanye nokuhlukaniswa okuqondile kwezinga lokudonsa okubandayo ngaphezu kwe-thermocline yizinto ezine zejiyometri ezinquma izinga lokwehlukaniswa kwezendlalelo; ukuqedwa kwangaphakathi kwethangi kuyazisekela.
· Amathangi amakhulu anobubanzi obukhulu anodonga olubushelelezi kurekhodi yethu yokulethwa afaka i-Zhejiang chemical wastewater pair ye-φ24.45 m × 19.8 m kanye ne-φ12.22 m × 19.8 m, 11,613 m³, 2024-03.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Ingabe ithangi elikhulu lihlala lenza ukuhlukaniswa kube nzima?
Impendulo 1: Lenza ukusatshalaliswa kokungena kube nzima. Umthamo ukhula ngokwesilinganiso samacube kuyilapho indawo yaphansi ikhula ngokwesilinganiso samagcawu, ngakho ukugeleza nge-square metre ngayinye yaphansi kuyakhula njengoba amathangi ekhula futhi i-diffuser kufanele ihlanganise indawo enkulu ngesivinini esifanayo sokushaja.
Umbuzo 2: Ingabe ukubuya okufudumele kufanele kungene phezulu noma phansi?
Impendulo 2: Phezulu, kungene kusendlalelo esifudumele. Ukubuyisela amanzi afudumele endaweni ebandayo kubhubhisa umthamo osebenzisekayo ngokushesha; ukuwabuyisela ophahleni kuvumela amandla adonsela phansi ukuba ahlukanise futhi esikhathini esilandelayo sokushaja.
Umbuzo 3: Ingabe i-thermocline ingasondela kangakanani endaweni yokuphuma ebandayo?
Impendulo 3: Akufanele neze ifinyelele kuyo ngesikhathi sokukhishwa okuklanyelwe. Yilokho okwenzelwa i-reserve yaphansi: ukugcina amanzi abandayo ngaphansi kwendawo yokuphuma kusho ukuthi i-interface kufanele ithuthukele kwi-reserve ngaphambi kokuba izinga lokushisa lokunikezela lishiye ibhendi yalo.
Umbuzo 4: Ingabe ngidinga ama-baffle egobolondweni elincane?
A4: Imvamisa cha. Isibhamu esisodwa sokungena phansi esitsheni esilinganiselwe sihlukanisa kahle ngaphandle kosizo; i-ring baffle ithola indawo yayo lapho isivinini sokungena sisondela engxenyeni ephezulu yebanga lika-0.5-1 m/s.
Q5: Ingabe ithangi elinjalo lingafakwa ingcindezi?
A5: Ingakwenza, futhi ukulandelwa kwesendlalelo okufanayo kuyasebenza ngaphakathi komngcele wengcindezi. Ama-nozzle anama-flange, izimbobo ziqinisekiswa ngokuqinisa futhi i-diffuser kufanele ingene ngokuvaleleka, ngakho i-geometry inqunywa ekuqaleni kukho konke ekwakhiweni.
Q6: Iyiphi indlela yokulinganisa ekhombisa ukuthi i-geometry yakhiwe ngendlela efanele?
A6: Iphrofayela ye-thermocouple ehlukaniswe ngokujula efakwe kulo lonke umjikelezo, ekhombisa ukuthi isixhumi sitholakala kuphi, ukuthi siba mkhulu kangakanani kanye nokuthi izinga lokushisa lokunikezela lishiya ibhendi elishiwo nini.
Ijiyomethri inquma ukuthi ithangi lokugcina lamanzi abandayo elinezingqimba lisinikezani. Isingeniso esibheke phansi eduze naphansi, indawo yokuphuma ebandayo esezingeni laphansi ehlukaniswe nophahla olufudumele, izindawo zokugcina ezinhlangothini zombili kanye ne-stilling baffle kuzobamba i-thermocline phakathi kwegobolondo. Ukufakwa kwe-lining, i-insulation kanye nezinsimbi zokusebenza kusekela lelo lungiselelo.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Sithumele ububanzi bethangi nokuphakama okuqondile, ukugeleza kokushaja nokukhipha, amazinga okushisa okuhlinzeka nokubuyisela kanye newindi lokushaja. Sizobuyekeza ijiyomethri yokungena nokuphuma nawe: indawo yobuso be-diffuser ngesivinini sokushaja, ukuphakama kwe-nozzle nokuhlukaniswa, amabhendi okugcina, ukuhlelwa kwe-baffle kanye nohlelo lwe-thermocouple oludingekayo ukufakazela i-interface, kanye nephepha lezincazelo zomdwebo lokufakwa kwegobolondo. Faka i-P ne-ID yesitshalo sakho ukuze uhlelo lwe-nozzle lubhekwe.
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