Izitsha Zokugcina Zensimbi Nobuchwepheshe Bokuhlanganisa Ingilazi Nensimbi
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Amathangi Okugcina Ensini nobuchwepheshe be-Glass-Fused-to-Steel
In today’s rapidly evolving infrastructure landscape, the demand for robust, durable, and sustainable storage solutions is expanding across every major sector — from water and wastewater to industrial liquids, fire protection, agriculture, food processing, and energy systems. At the heart of these systems lies a core requirement: reliable storage tanks that endure time, resist corrosion, and minimize lifecycle cost.
Sekuyiminyaka cishe engu-20, i-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd. (i-Center Enamel) ibe yiphayona ezinhlelweni zokugcina eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile, izibeke njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili wamathangi ensimbi e-China anokufinyelela emhlabeni wonke. Ngokugcizelela ubuchwepheshe be-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS) — isixazululo samathangi esisezingeni eliphezulu, esisebenza kahle kakhulu — i-Center Enamel ilethe amathangi okugcina ahlala isikhathi eside, ahlala isikhathi eside emazweni angaphezu kwe-100 emhlabeni wonke, isiza izimboni nemiphakathi ukuthi ivikele izidingo zayo zokugcina izinto ezingamanzi nezomisiwe.
This comprehensive article explores the capabilities, advantages, applications, technology, and global impact of steel storage tanks built with Glass-Fused-to-Steel technology, incorporating all the information previously shared and presenting it in an authoritative, 2,500-word narrative suitable for marketing, project proposals, or corporate collateral.
1. Introduction — The Steel Storage Tank Imperative
Amathangi ensimbi yokugcina ayisisekelo sengqalasizwe yesimanje. Kusukela ekugcineni amanzi okuphuzwayo kanye noketshezi lwezimboni kuya emanzini angcolile, amanzi ezicishamlilo, amakhemikhali, uphethiloli, kanye nezinto ezomile, amathangi ensimbi asebenza njengomgogodla wezinhlelo zokugcina emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke amathangi ensimbi afanayo. Izendlalelo zopende zakudala, izendlalelo ze-epoxy, noma insimbi eluhlaza zingalimala ukugqwala, ukubola, kanye nezingozi zokusebenza — ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinzima.
Ububanzi be-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS) buguqula amathangi ensimbi ajwayelekile abe izinhlelo zokugcina ezihlala isikhathi eside, ezimelana nokugqwala ezinezinga eliphezulu lokusebenza, ukugcinwa okuncane, kanye nempilo yesevisi evame ukudlula iminyaka engu-30. Amathangi e-GFS e-Center Enamel ahlanganisa amandla omshini wensimbi namandla amakhemikhali e-glass enamel — adala impahla eyinhlanganisela efaneleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokugcina ezinzima.
2. Center Enamel — Isingeniso Senkampani kanye Nobuholi Bomhlaba
Yasungulwa ngo-2008, i-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd. — eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Center Enamel — isibe umholi womhlaba wonke emakhemisi okugcina enziwe ngobunjiniyela, enikeza uhla oluhlukahlukene lwemikhiqizo:
Amakhemisi e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS)
Amathangi E-Fusion Bonded Epoxy
Amathangi E-Stainless Steel
Amathangi E-Galvanized Steel
Izindlu Ze-Aluminum Geodesic Dome
Izesekeli Zamathangi Okugcina kanye Nokusekelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Kwe-EPC
Amandla Enkampani
Cishe ubuchwepheshe obungama-200 obunelungelo lobunikazi obusekela i-enamel nokusha kwamathangi
Imikhiqizo eqinisekiswe yi-ISO 9001, ISO 45001, ISO 28765, NSF/ANSI 61, EN1090/CE, WRAS, FM, LFGB, BSCI
Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emazweni angaphezu kwe-100 okuhlanganisa i-USA, iCanada, i-Australia, i-UAE, i-Brazil, iMalaysia, iRussia, iNingizimu Afrika
Isisekelo sokukhiqiza esithuthukisiwe esingaphezu kwe-150,000 m² esinamagumbi okusebenzela ahlakaniphile, iziko lokubasa izinto, namalabhorethri ezinga
Amaqembu ochwepheshe be-R&D kanye nobunjiniyela anikezelwe ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo nasekuthuthukiseni
Umsebenzi we-Center Enamel ukuhlinzeka ngezixazululo zamakhemisi eziphelele, ezingumsebenzi ophakeme ezisekela ukukhula kwezimboni, ukuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, kanye notshalomali oluzinzile lwezingqalasizinda emhlabeni wonke.
3. Yini Ikhemisi Lokugcina Lensimbi?
I-tank yokugcina yensimbi iyisiqukathi esiklanyelwe ukugcina uketshezi noma izinto ezomile, ngokuvamile eyakhiwe kusetshenziswa amapuleti ensimbi ahlanganiswe ngokushisela noma ngokubopha. Amatafula la enza imisebenzi ebalulekile ku:
Izinhlelo zamanzi kamasipala (amanzi okuphuza, isipele somlilo)
Ukugcina uketshezi lwezimboni (amanzi omsebenzi, izixazululo zamakhemikhali)
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi amdaka kanye nokudonswa
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi ezolimo kanye nezokunisela
Ukugcinwa kukaphethiloli namandla
Izinto ezomile (okusanhlamvu, amaminerali, izimpushana)
Ukusebenza kwamathangi okugcina ensimbi kuncike ekuqineni kwezinto, indlela yokugqoka, ukwakheka komklamo, nokuchayeka emvelweni. Amathangi ensimbi avamile avame ukubhekana nezinselelo zokugqwala, ukuvuza, nokugcinwa — izinkinga ubuchwepheshe be-GFS obubhekana nazo kahle.
4. Ingilazi-Ehlanganiswe-Nesimbi (GFS) — Ukuqhubeka Kobuchwepheshe Okukhulu
Ubuchwepheshe be-Glass-Fused-to-Steel buyinqubo yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe ehlanganisa unomphela ungqimba lwe-enamel yengilazi eyenziwe ngobunjiniyela ebusweni bensimbi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu (ngokuvamile 820°C–930°C). Phakathi nale nqubo yokushisa, ingilazi yakha ubudlelwano be-molecular-level nensimbi, idale indawo eyinhlanganisela ehlanganisa amandla emishini ensimbi nokungathathi hlangothi kwamakhemikhali nokumelana nokugqwala kwengilazi.
Izinto Eziyinhloko Zobuchwepheshe be-GFS
Ungqimba lwengilazi olungapheli, olumelana nokugqwala oluhlanganiswe nensimbi
Indawo ehlala njalo, engangeni amanzi, emelana nokuhlaselwa amakhemikhali
Ukufakwa kwe-enamel okulawulwa efektri ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi
Idizayini yepheneli ehlanganiswe ngezikulufu ukuze kube lula ukuhlanganiswa endaweni
Umphumela uthi ithangi lokugcina lensimbi elinokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kakhulu kuzo zonke izici zemvelo, zokusebenza, nezokujikeleza kwempilo.
5. Kungani Amathangi e-GFS Esekela Izinketho Zokugcina Zendabuko
Ngezansi kukhona ukuqhathaniswa kwamathangi e-GFS namanye izixazululo ezivamile zokugcina:
Isici Amathangi e-GFS Insimbi ependiwe Insimbi e-Epoxy-Coated Amathangi Okwakhiwa
Ukumelana Nokugqwala Okuhle kakhulu — indawo yengilazi engasebenzi Kubi kuya Kulinganiselwe Kulinganiselwe Kuyahlukahluka
Ukungangeni Manzi Qedile Kunomkhawulo Kulinganiselwe Kuyahlukahluka
Izidingo Zokugcinwa Ziphansi Kakhulu Ziphezulu Phakathi kuya Phezulu Ziphezulu
Ukuphila Isikhathi Eside ≥30 Iminyaka 5–15 Iminyaka 10–20 Iminyaka 20–30 Iminyaka (ubungozi besakhiwo)
Isivinini Sokufakwa Kuyashesha (kuyimodular) Kulinganiselwe Kulinganiselwe Kuyabambezeleka (ukusakazwa esizeni)
Ukuvikelwa Kwemvelo Okungcono Kakhulu Okubi Kulinganiselwe Kulinganiselwe
Ukuhlanzeka Kwendawo Kuphezulu Kakhulu Kulinganiselwe Kulinganiselwe Kuncane
Amathangi okugcina e-GFS ahlala edlula izindlela ezindala ezivamile ekumeleni ukugqwala, inani lesikhathi sokuphila, amandla esakhiwo, kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo — okwenza zibe zilungele amaphrojekthi ezimboni nawamasipala lapho ukusebenza nokwethembeka kubalulekile.
6. Izincazelo Zobuchwepheshe BeziTanki Zengilazi-Ezihlanganiswe Nezinsimbi
Ipharamitha Ukucaciswa
Ubukhulu Bokufaka 0.25–0.45 mm
Amandla Okunamathela ≥3450 N/cm²
Ub hardness BePhezulu 6.0 (Mohs)
Ivolthi YeHoliday Test 1500 V
Ukungena Kwamanzi Igesi/Ukungena Kwamanzi Okungena
Ukumelana ne-pH Standard: 3–11; Custom: 1–14
Impilo Yesevisi ≥30 Iminyaka
Ukuhlanganiswa Uhlelo LwePanel Oluhlanganisiwe Olubotshiwe
Izinketho Zemibala Okumnyama Okwesibhakabhaka • Okuluhlaza Okwesihlahla • Okumpunga Okumnyama • Okuluhlaza Okwesibhakabhaka • Okumnyama Okwesibhakabhaka • Okumnyama Okumnyama • Okumnyama Okumnyama • Okumnyama Okumnyama
Lezi zici ziqinisekisa ukuthi amathangi okugcina ensimbi e-GFS ahlinzeka ngokusebenza okuthembekile, isikhathi eside ngisho nasezindaweni ezinzima zemvelo nezimboni.
7. Izindinganiso Zokwakhiwa Nokuklama
I-Center Enamel yakha amathangi okugcina e-GFS ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso ezivunyelwe umhlaba wonke:
I-ISO 9001 — Uhlelo Lokuphatha Ikhwalithi
I-ISO 45001 — Impilo Yomsebenzi & Ezokuphepha
I-ISO 28765 — Indinganiso Ye-GFS Tank
I-AWWA D103-09 — Ukuklama Amathangi Okugcina Amanzi Ensini
EN 1090 / CE — Ukuhambisana Kwensimbi Yesakhiwo
NSF/ANSI 61 — Ukuphepha Kwamanzi Aphuzwayo
WRAS — Imithetho Yamanzi Yase-UK
FM, LFGB, BSCI — Izitifiketi Zokuhlanganisa Nokuhambisana
Lezi zindinganiso ziqinisekisa ukuthi amathangi e-GFS ahlangabezana nezimiso zokuklama, zokuphepha, nokusebenza ezidingekayo ezinhlelweni zokugcina zomhlaba wonke — kusukela emanzini omphakathi kuya kumakhemikhali ezimboni.
8. Izicelo Zamathangi Okugcina Ensini ye-GFS
Amathangi okugcina ensini ye-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS) anezicelo ezibanzi kuzo zonke izimboni eziningi:
8.1 Ukugcinwa Kwamanzi Omphakathi
Izindawo zokugcina amanzi okuphuza
Izindawo ezinganqamuki nezokulondoloza
Amathangi okubuyisela ingcindezi edolobheni
Amathangi e-GFS avikela ikhwalithi yamanzi ngezindawo zangaphakathi ezingathinti lutho nezendlalelo ezihlala isikhathi eside ezimelana nokuhlaselwa amakhemikhali nezinto eziphilayo.
8.2 Amanzi Ezimboni Namaliquids Okucubungula
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi okucubungulayo
Amathangi okupholisa nawokudla ibhayela
Izindawo zokugcina amanzi aphathwayo
Izindawo zezimboni zidinga izindawo ezivimbela ukugqwala — amandla obuchwepheshe be-GFS.
8.3 Izinhlelo zamanzi angcolile nawokudonsa
Amathangi okulinganisa
Amachibi okuvundisa
Amathangi okugcina udaka
Indawo yengilazi engangeni ivikela ekubeni kube khona izinto ezilimazayo nokungcola.
8.4 Ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuvikela umlilo
Amathangi okungesilisa omlilo ezimbonini, ezikhumulweni zezindiza, nasezikhungweni zezentengiselwano
Izinhlelo zokucisha umlilo zezimboni
Izindawo zamanzi ezingathembekile ezinokwesekwa okuncane kokuphathwa kwezinhlelo zokuphepha ezibalulekile.
8.5 Ukugcinwa kwamakhemikhali
Ukugcinwa kwamakhemikhali angalimali
Ama-reagents enqubo
Izixazululo zamakhemikhali ezithambile
Ama-coatings e-GFS ayamelana nokugqwala nokuhlaselwa amakhemikhali lapho ama-coatings ajwayelekile ehluleka khona.
8.6 Ezolimo kanye Nokuchelela
Amachibi okunisela
Izinhlelo zamanzi ezilwaneni
Amathangi amanzi ezinhlanzi
Ukuqina nokuhlanzeka kubalulekile ezindaweni zezolimo.
8.7 Ukugcina izinto ezomile (Ama-Silo)
Okusanhlamvu nemikhiqizo yezolimo
Izimpushana zamaminerali
Izinto zokusetshenziswa zezimboni
Amathangi e-GFS ahlinzeka ngamandla omqambimanga kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kwezicelo ezomile lapho ihlanganiswa nezinhlelo ezifanele zophahla.
9. Uphahla Oluhlanganisiwe Nezinsiza
I-Center Enamel ihlanganisa izinhlelo eziphambili zezindlu nezesekeli ukuze iqedele izixazululo zokugcina.
9.1 Izindlu Ze-Aluminum Geodesic Dome
Idizayinelwe kusetshenziswa imodeli yokunemba kwe-3D, izindlu ze-dome ze-Center Enamel zinikeza:
Ukumelana okuphezulu nokugqwala
Akukho ukupenda okudingekayo ngenxa yokuqina kwemvelo kwe-aluminum
Ukumbozwa okungavimbeli okungena ngaphakathi
Ukuhlanganiswa okusheshayo nokugcinwa okuncane
Ukuhambisana ne-AWWA D108, API 650, ADM 2015, ASCE 7-10, IBC 2012
Lezi zindlu zilungele izinhlelo zamathangi eziboshiwe, ezishiswe, noma ezakhiwe ngokhokho futhi zisekela izinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zezimboni.
9.2 Izindlu Zangaphakathi Ezintantayo
Kusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho ukulawulwa kokukhishwa kubalulekile (isb., uketshezi oluvuvukayo, izinhlelo zamanzi omlilo), izimbobo ezingaphezulu ezingaphakathi:
Nciphisa isikhala somhwamuko nokukhishwa
Improve safety and environmental performance
9.3 Tank Accessories
Center Enamel provides a full suite of accessories:
Izimbobo namakhephu okungena
Amalulwane, izitebhisi, nemishayo yokuphepha
Izimbobo zokuhlanganisa kanye nezinzwa zezinga
Ama-flange, ama-nozzle, kanye nezindawo zokuxhuma amapayipi
Ama-vent kanye nezinqubo zokukhulula ingcindezi
Lezi zingxenye ziqinisekisa ukuthi amatafula okugcina asebenza ngokugcwele, ahambisana nekhodi, futhi enziwe ngendlela efanele ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zephrojekthi.
10. Ukufakwa kanye Nokuhlanganiswa Kwamajenela
Enye yezinto eziqinile kakhulu zamatafula okugcina e-GFS ukuhlanganiswa kwawo okuhlanganiswe ngamajenela:
Izinzuzo Zokuhlanganiswa Kwamajenela
Ukufakwa okusheshayo endaweni: Amaphaneli aqedwe efektri ahlanganiswa ngokushesha
Izindleko zabasebenzi ezincishisiwe: Akukho ukushisela ensimini noma upende okudingekayo
Ukuthuthwa: Amaphaneli afanele izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuthutha izimpahla
Ukumelana nesimo sezulu: Ukuhlanganiswa kuthintwa kancane yizimo zezulu
Ukukala: Amathangi angandiswa noma athuthwe njengoba izidingo zishintsha
Le design eyenziwe ngezingxenye ezihlukene ibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezikude, ezindaweni zezimboni eziyinkimbinkimbi, noma lapho kwakhiwa kancane kancane.
11. Ukusimama Kwemvelo Nokunakekela
Amathangi ensimbi e-GFS akwa-Center Enamel asekela imigomo yezemvelo:
Ukuvimbela ukuvuza nokudonsela phansi — izindawo ezingangeni manzi zivikela amanzi angaphansi komhlaba
Ukugcinwa okuphansi — kunciphisa udoti wokulungisa
Ukunciphisa umthwalo wokungcola — amathangi avaliwe avikela imvelo
Isikhathi esandisiwe — kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza nomthelela wokushintsha
Lezi zici zihambisana nezinye izinhlelo zomhlaba wonke zokuzinza kanye nezinhlelo zobuholi bemvelo ezinkampanini.
12. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi
Izindawo zokukhiqiza zakwa-Center Enamel zihlanganisa ngaphezu kuka-150,000 m², zine:
Am workshop okukhiqiza ahlakaniphile
Ama-kiln okubeka imibala ekushiseni okuphezulu
Imigqa yokukhiqiza enembayo
Izindawo zokuhlola nokuhlola ikhwalithi
Izikhungo ezinikezelwe ze-R&D
Izimpumelelo zobunjiniyela
Ukwakhiwa kokuqala okuphumelelayo kwamapuleti ensimbi ashubile anombala ohlangothini olubili e-Asia
Ukukhiqizwa kwamathangi e-GFS afika ku-32,000 m³
Ukufakwa kwezinqwaba ezingaphezu kuka-34.8 m ukuphakama
Rekhoda ivolumu ye-tank eyodwa edlula u-21,094 m³
Lezi akuzona nje impumelelo ekugcineni kwamanzi — zikhombisa ubukhulu bokwakha nokunemba okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ze-tank yokugcina.
13. Ukuhlinzekwa Kwamazwe Ngamazwe Nokuhlangenwe Nakho Kwephrojekthi
Izinqwaba zensimbi ze-GFS ze-Center Enamel zinethemba emhlabeni jikelele ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene:
North America (USA, Canada)
Izinhlelo zamanzi zikamasipala, izinqwaba zokugcina zezimboni, izinqwaba zamanzi omlilo.
I-Latin America (i-Brazil, i-Panama)
Izimithombo zezimboni, ukunisela ezolimo, kanye nengqalasizinda yamanzi kamasipala.
I-Europe & i-CIS
Izindawo zokugcina ezibandayo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi amdaka, kanye nezixazululo zokugcina amakhemikhali.
I-Southeast Asia (i-Malaysia, i-Indonesia)
Ukuqina kwesimo sezulu sezindawu ezishisayo ukuze kugcinwe amanzi nokuphuma kwamanzi.
Impumalanga Ephakathi (UAE, Saudi Arabia)
Izicelo zokushisa okuphezulu ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala.
I-Afrika & iNingizimu Afrika
Amanethiwekhi amanzi asemaphandleni, izindawo zezimboni, namaphrojekthi okwandisa imizi.
Lesi sithombe somhlaba sibonisa ukuzivumelanisa, ukuqina, nokwamukelwa okubanzi kwamatafula okugcina ensimbi ye-GFS ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zomthetho, zesimo sezulu, nokusebenza.
14. Ukwesekwa Kwephrojekthi kanye Nezinsizakalo Ze-EPC
Inani le-Center Enamel lidlula ukulethwa komkhiqizo. Sihlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuphelele:
Ukubonisana Nokwenzeka
Ukuhlola indawo
Ukuhlela amandla
Ukuhambisana nemithetho
Ubunjiniyela & Ukuklama
Ukumodela okwakhiwe
Ukuhlaziywa komthwalo
Izilungiselelo ezenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo
Ukukhiqiza & Ukuqinisekiswa kweKhwalithi
Ukukhiqizwa kwamaphaneli ngaphansi kokuhlolwa okuqinile
Ukuqinisekiswa kwezendlalelo
Ukulawulwa kobukhulu
Ukusekelwa kwezinto zokuthutha & Ukufakwa
Ukuhlelwa kwezokuthutha
Ukuqondisa ukuhlanganiswa endaweni
Ukuxhumanisa ukuphepha
Ukuqalisa nokuthengisa ngemuva
Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza
Iziqondiso zokugcinwa
Ukubonisana ngomjikelezo wokuphila
Le nkxaso ephelele iqinisekisa imiphumela ephumelelayo kusukela emqondweni kuze kube ukuqalisa nangale.
15. Kungani i-Center Enamel Iyisihlobo Sakho Esikhethiwe
Ubuholi bobuchwepheshe obufakazelwe
I-Center Enamel ihamba phambili namakhulu ezithuthukisiwe ezinelungelo lobunikazi kanye neminyaka yobuchwepheshe ekwenziweni kwamathangi e-GFS.
Ukuhambisana Namazinga Omhlaba
Imikhiqizo iqinisekisiwe ku-ISO, CE/EN, NSF, WRAS, namanye amazinga omhlaba, inikeza ukuzethemba kwekhwalithi nokusebenza.
Umthamo Wokukhiqiza & Ukungaguquguquki
Izindawo ezithuthukisiwe kanye nezinhlelo eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi ziqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki kuzo zonke izikali nezicelo.
Ubuchwepheshe Bokuklama
Ukuklama ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlaziywa komklamo kusekela izixazululo ezenziwe ngendlela efanele zezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokugcina.
Ukusekelwa Komjikelezo Wephrojekthi
I-Center Enamel inikeza ukwesekwa okuphelele kwe-EPC okwenziwe ngokwezidingo zamaklayenti, izindawo, nemisebenzi yokusebenza.
Okuhlangenwe Nakho Kokuqaliswa Kwesizinda Sonke
Ukufakwa kwezindawo eziningi ezahlukahlukene kubonisa ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zesifunda, izimo zezulu, namakhodi.
Amathangi okugcina ensimbi ayizakhiwo ezibalulekile kuzo zonke izimboni zomkhandlu, ezimbonini, ezolimo, nezokuphepha. Izidingo ezibekwa kuleli thangi - noma ngabe zigcina amanzi, amanzi amdaka, amakhemikhali, uphethiloli, imfucuza, noma izinto ezomile - zidinga izixazululo eziklanyelwe ukuletha ukuphila isikhathi eside, ukwethembeka, ukuphepha, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, nokusebenza kwezomnotho.
Izixazululo zamathangi okugcina ezakhiwe nge-Glass-Fused-to-Steel ze-Center Enamel zibonisa lezi zici. Ngokuhlanganisa amandla ensimbi nokumelana nokugqwala nokungangeni kwamanzi kwe-glass enamel, amathangi e-GFS ahlinzeka ngesisekelo esingcono kakhulu izinselele zokugcina zesimanje. Ngokusekelwa izitifiketi zomhlaba wonke, ukukhiqiza okuthuthukisiwe, ukuhlanganiswa okumodular, nokusekelwa okuphelele kwephrojekthi, i-Center Enamel yiyona ehamba phambili ekukhiqizeni amathangi okugcina ensimbi e-China — ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zokugcina ezithembekile zesikhathi esizayo esisimeme.
I-Center Enamel — yakhelwe ukusebenza, yakhelwe ukuqina, futhi ithenjwa emhlabeni wonke.
WhatsApp