Iyini Ithangi Lokugcina Udaka?
Kwadalwa ngo 2024.11.22
Iyini Ithangi Lokugcina Udaka?
Ithangi lokugcina udaka liyisitsha esikhethekile sezimboni esiklanyelwe ukugcina, ukuzinzisa, nokulinganisa umkhiqizo oqinile ogxilile (udaka) okhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuhlanza amanzi angcolile. Ngokungafani nezitsha ezijwayelekile zokugcina, lawa mathangi aklanyelwe ukuphatha uketshezi oluyinkimbinkimbi, olungelona olwe-Newtonian, oluphila ngokwebhayoloji, olugqwala, futhi oluthambekele ekuhlanganiseni ngokushesha.
Endaweni ejwayelekile yokuhlanza, udaka alukulungele ukulahlwa noma ukukhishwa amanzi ngokushesha. Ithangi lokugcina lisebenza njengesivimbeli esibalulekile, linikeza isikhathi sokuhlala esidingekayo ukuze kulinganiswe ukugeleza, kujiyiswe izinto eziqinile ngamandla adonsela phansi, futhi kuzinziswe okuqukethwe okuphilayo ngaphambi kokuba kudlulele ezinqubweni ezingezansi ezifana nokugaya noma ukushiswa.
Imisebenzi Ebalulekile Yethangi Lokugcina Udaka
Amathangi okugcina udaka awagcini nje ngokuba yizindawo zokugcina ezingenzi lutho; ayizingxenye ezisebenzayo zenqubo. Izindima zawo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokusebenza zihlanganisa:
1. Ukulinganisa Ukugeleza
Izitshalo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile zivame ukukhiqiza udaka ngezilinganiso eziguquguqukayo. Ithangi lokugcina lisebenza njengendawo yokugcina, ivumela indawo ukuthi ilungise lokhu kushintshashintsha. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini engezansi (njengezicindezeli zokomisa noma ama-centrifuge) isebenza ngomthwalo ozinzile, osebenzayo kunokuba isabele ekushintsheni okungazwakali.
2. Ukuzinzisa Kwezinto Eziphilayo
Amathangi okugcina avumela isikhathi somsebenzi wezinto eziphilayo. Ezindaweni zokugcina ezinomoya noma ezingenawo umoya, udaka lungahlukaniswa kancane, lunciphise umthamo wezinto eziqinile eziguquguqukayo futhi luhlukanise amagciwane, okwenza inqubo yokulahla ekugcineni ihambisane nemvelo futhi ingabizi kakhulu.
3. Ukuqina Kwezinto Eziqinile
Ngokuhlinzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlala esithule, ithangi livumela izinto eziqinile ukuthi zihlale phansi ngokwemvelo futhi zibe nzima. Le nqubo yokujiya ngamandla adonsela phansi inyusa ukugxila kwe-Total Solids (TS), okunciphisa kakhulu umthamo wamanzi okufanele athuthwe noma alashwe ezigabeni zakamuva.
Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile Kwezobunjiniyela
Ukuklama ithangi lokugcina udaka kudinga ukunqoba izinselele ezithile zomzimba namakhemikhali. Uma lezi zinganakwa, ithangi lingasheshe libe umthwalo wokulungiswa.
● Ukuxuba & Ukuphazamisa: Udaka luvame 'ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba'—lapho izinto eziqinileyo zihlala phansi zibe ikhekhe eliminyene ngenkathi amanzi ehlukaniswa phezulu. Uma kushiywa kungashintshi, leli khekhe liyaqina libe 'yisivalo' okungenzeki ukususwa. Amathangi asebenzayo ahlanganisa izinto zokuxuba ezenziwa ngomshini, ukufaka igesi, noma izinhlelo zokujikeleza kwempompo ukuze udaka luhlale lufana.
● Ukuphathwa Kwephunga Negesi: Ukubola kukadaka okuphilayo kukhiqiza amagesi ayingozi, ahlanganisa iHydrogen Sulfide ($H_2S$) neMethane ($CH_4$). Ukuklanywa kwethangi kumele kubhekelele ukuphuma ngokuphephile, ukuqoqwa kwegesi, noma izinhlelo zokukhipha umhwamuko ukuze kugwenywe ukwakheka kwengcindezi nokukhishwa kwephunga elibi.
● Ubuqotho Bezinto: Udaka lungagqoloza kakhulu (ngenxa yezinhlayiya) futhi lube namandla okugqwala amakhemikhali. Izinto kumele zikhethwe ukuze zimelane nokuguguleka kwezinhlayiya kanye nokuhlaselwa amakhemikhali ezingxenyeni ezinomuncu noma ezinamandla.
● Ukufinyelela Nokuhlanza: Izinhlayiya ezinzima nezinto ezingaphili zizogcina zinqwabelene phansi ethangini. Ithangi elakhiwe kahle lifaka phansi okungqubuzanayo ukuze kube nokukhipha amanzi kahle kanye nezindlela zokungena ezibekwe kahle ukuze kube lula ukuhlanza nokulungisa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Uhlaka Lokuqhathanisa: Imikhumbi Yokuphatha Udaka
Isici | Ithangi Lokugcina Udaka | Ithangi Lokujiya Udaka | Isigayo Sodaka |
Inhloso Eyinhloko | Ukulinganisa Nokugcina | Ukukhulisa Amaphesenti Ezinto Eziqinile | Ukuguqulwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo |
Izidingo Zokuxuba | Okulingene (ukugcina kuhambisana) | Okuphansi (ukuvumela ukuhlala phansi) | Okuphezulu (ukuthintana kwamagciwane/igesi) |
Isikhathi Sokugcina | Izinsuku kuya Emasontweni | Amahora kuya Ezinsukwini | Amasonto kuya Ezinyangeni |
Ukuziphatha Koketshezi | Okungesikho kukaNewton/Okuwugqinsi | Okuhlukaniswe Ngezigaba/Okuvuthulukayo | Ukukhiqizwa Kwegesi Okusebenzayo |
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Q: Ngingasebenzisa ithangi elijwayelekile lokugcina amanzi ukugcina udaka?
A: Ngokuvamile akunconywa. Amathangi amanzi ajwayelekile aklanyelwe uketshezi lwe-Newtonian olunobunzima obuphansi. Udaka lunzima, lunamandla okugqwala, futhi lukhiqiza amagesi agqwala. Ukusebenzisa ithangi lamanzi odakeni kungaholela ekugcwalisweni kwesakhiwo, ukulahlekelwa okusheshayo kwembozo, kanye nokuvinjwa okuyingozi.
Q: Kungani ithangi lami lodaka likhiqiza amaphunga anamandla kangaka?
A: Amaphunga ngokuvamile avela lapho udaka luba "septic." Lokhu kwenzeka lapho udaka luhlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokunyakaza, lubangela ukungena kwe-anaerobic futhi lukhiqize i-hydrogen sulfide. Ukuxuba okuqhubekayo nokulawula amaphunga okufanele (njengezihlungi zekhabhoni noma ukungenisa umoya) yizixazululo ezijwayelekile.
Q: Yini inzuzo yomzansi oyikhoni ethangini lodaka?
A: Isisekelo esiyikhoni sisebenzisa amandla adonsela phansi ukuze sihlanganise izinto eziqinile nezihlabathi ziye enkabeni noma endaweni ephansi kakhulu ethangini. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukukhipha ithangi ngokuphelele futhi kuvimbele ukuqoqeka kwezindawo eziqinile ezingashintshi lapho udaka lungaqina khona.
Q: Ngingavikela kanjani udaka ekutheni lungavali ithangi?
A: Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvikela isu eliqinile lokuxuba. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa izinto zokuxuba ezingena ngaphezulu ngomshini, izinto ezinyibilikayo ezingaphansi kwamanzi, noma ukuxuba ngegesi ecindezelwe, inhloso ukugcina ukungaguquguquki kwe-viscosity kuwo wonke ithangi. Uma isivalo sakheka, ngokuvamile sidinga ukujetsha ngomfutho ophezulu noma imishini ekhethekile yokumunca ukuze kuhlanzwe.
Ingabe okwamanje uhlola izixazululo zokuqukatha ze-sludge yakho yokuphatha indle? Ukukhetha impahla efanele kanye nemininingwane yomklamo kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwesikhathi eside. Xhumana nathi uma udinga usizo mayelana nosayizi noma ukuhambisana kwempahla nezidingo zesikhungo sakho.
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