Iyini Ithangi Lokudaka?
Kwadalwa ngo 2024.03.21
Iyini Ithangi Lodaka?
Ithangi lodaka liyisitsha sezimboni esikhethekile esakhelwe ukugcina, ukujiya, noma ukucubungula udaka oluncibilikile (sludge) olukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuhlanzwa kwamanzi. Ngokungafani namathangi ajwayelekile okugcina amanzi, amathangi odaka akhelwe ukuphatha izinto ezinamandla okunamathela, ezilumayo, futhi ezinamagciwane.
Udaka luqukethe izinto eziqinile ezintantayo, izinto eziphilayo, kanye nokungcola okuhlukahlukene kwamakhemikhali okususwa emanzini. Ngenxa yokuthi le nto ingahlala phansi, ibile, noma iguge ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ithangi kufanele lakhiwe ngezici ezikhethekile zomshini nezakhiwo ukuze kugwenywe ukuvaleka, izinkinga zamaphunga, nokonakala kwesakhiwo.
Kungani Kudingeka Umklamo Okhethekile
Ukugcina udaka kudinga ubuchwepheshe obukhulu kunokugcina amanzi acwengekile noma amakhemikhali okucubungula. Onjiniyela kufanele bacabangele izici eziningi ezibalulekile:
● Ukungqubuzana Nokuhlala Phansi: Udaka luwuketshezi olungelona olwe-Newtonian. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinto eziqinile ziyohlala phansi (ukuhlanganiswa), kuyilapho uketshezi lukhuphuka. Lokhu kudinga izinhlelo zokuphatha ezisebenzayo noma ezingasebenzi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi ithangi lingavaleki unomphela.
● Ukugqwala Nokuhlaselwa Amakhemikhali: Udaka lwezimboni luvame ukuqukatha ama-chloride, izinhlanganisela zesulfure, namazinga e-pH ahlukahlukene, okungagqwala kakhulu insimbi ekarbhoni ejwayelekile noma kulimaze ukhonkolo ongavaliwe.
● Ipunga Nokukhiqiza Igesi: Udaka lwezinto eziphilayo luyaqhubeka nokubola, luvame ukukhipha i-methane noma i-hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Ithangi kumele liklanyelwe ukuthi likwazi ukuthatha igesi noma izinhlelo zokukhipha umoya.
Izici Eziyinhloko Zokuklama
Amathangi odaka awavamile ukuba amasilinda alula; afaka ubunjiniyela obuthile nezinsiza ezengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle.
Isici | Injongo Yobunjiniyela |
Isisekelo Esiyikhoni | Kusiza ukukhipha amanzi ngomgudu wokudonsa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kokudaka okujiyile futhi kuvimbela 'izindawo ezifile' lapho izinto eziqinile ziqongelela khona. |
Ukuxuba/Ukuphazamisa | Iziphuzi zangaphakathi noma amaphampu okujikeleza agcina izinto eziqinile zimisiwe, kuvimbela ithangi ukuthi lingaphenduka 'isivalo' esiqinile. |
Ukugqokwa Okumelana Nokugqutshwa | Kuvikela igobolondo lethangi emthelela wokukhuhla wetshe lesihlabathi, isihlabathi, nezinto eziqinile ezisindayo eziqukethwe odakeni. |
Ukukhipha Umoya/Ukuphepha | Kuyadingeka emathangini agcina udaka olunamagciwane ukuze kulawuleke umfutho namaphunga. |
Iminyango Yokungena Ephezulu | Ibalulekile ekuhlanzweni ngezikhathi ezithile, ekuhlolweni, nasekulungisweni kwemishini yokuphatha udaka. |
Izinhlobo Ezivamile Zamathangi Ezigaxa (Sludge Tanks)
1. Amathangi Okubamba/Okulinganisa Ugaxa (Sludge Holding/Equalization Tanks): Asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa ukugeleza kogaxa ngaphambi kokuthi udlulele ezinsizeni zokukhipha amanzi noma zokulahla. Lawa mathangi avame ukudinga ukuxutshwa okuyisisekelo ukuze agcine ukungaguquguquki.
2. Amathangi Okujiyisa Ugaxa (Sludge Thickening Tanks): Aklanyelwe ukwandisa ukugxila kwezinto eziqinile (okuqukethwe yi-Total Solids) ngokuvumela ukuhlala phansi ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, ngokuvamile esebenzisa irakhi ehamba kancane noma indlela yebhuloho ukuhambisa izinto eziqinile ezihlezi phansi ziye emgwaqweni ophakathi.
3. Ama-Digester Angenamoya (Anaerobic Digesters): Uhlobo olukhethekile kakhulu lwethangi logaxa lapho ugaxa welashwa khona ngaphansi kwezimo ezingenawo umoya ukuze kuncishiswe umthamo futhi kukhiqizwe igesi yemethane ukuze kutholakale amandla avuselelekayo.
Imibuzo Ejwayelekile (FAQ)
Q: Kungani amathangi kakhonkolo evame ukuba yinkinga ekugcineni ugaxa?
A: Ukhonkolo unesikhala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, udaka olune-asidi lungangena kukhonkolo, lubange "umdlavuza kakhonkolo" (ukugqwala kwensimbi yokuqinisa). Nakuba ukhonkolo uvamile, udinga izinto zokumboza ezisebenza kahle, ezingamelana ne-asidi ukuze uthole impilo ende yokusebenza, kanti amathangi ensimbi acwengekile noma ensimbi engagqwali ngokwemvelo amelana kangcono.
Q: Ingabe wonke amathangi odaka adinga ukuxutshwa?
A: Iningi liyadinga. Uma udaka lushiywa lunganyakazi, luzohlanganela phansi. Lokhu kwenza ithangi libe nzima ukulikhipha futhi kunciphisa umthamo wokusebenza. Ukuxutsha kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukungaguquguquki okufanayo ekucubunguleni okulandelayo.
Q: Ukhetha kanjani phakathi kwe-GFS ne-FBE yethangi lodaka?
A: I-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS) inikeza ukumelana namakhemikhali ne-asidi okuphezulu, okwenza ifaneleke udaka olunamandla. I-Fusion-Bonded Epoxy (FBE) ihle kakhulu ekumelaneni nokugqokwa futhi ngokuvamile ibiza kancane odakeni lomgwaqo lapho amakhemikhali anamandla engaphansi.
Umbuzo: Ingabe ithangi lamanzi elijwayelekile lingaguqulwa libe ithangi lokudaka?
Impendulo: Ngokuvamile, cha. Ithangi lamanzi elijwayelekile alinawo ukuqinisekiswa kwesakhiwo ukuze limelane nomthwalo osindayo (udaka luminyene kunamanzi), ngokuvamile alinayo isisekelo esiyikhoni esidingekayo ukuze kulawuleke izinto eziqinile, futhi ngeke libe nokugqokwa okumelana nokugqutshwa okudingekayo ukuze kuthintane nodaka isikhathi eside.
Ingabe ungathanda ukuhlola umehluko othile wezinto ezisetshenziswayo phakathi kwe-Glass-Fused-to-Steel ne-Fusion-Bonded Epoxy lapho kwakhiwa uhlelo lokugcina udaka?
WhatsApp