Ukukhetha Umkhiqizi Wethangi Lamanzi Esikhungo Sedatha: Ubufakazi Nesikhathi Sokuhola
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Ukukhetha Umkhiqizi Wamathangi Amanzi Esikhungo Sedatha: Ubufakazi Nesikhathi Sokuhola
Umenzi wamathangi esikhungo sedatha kufanele ahlolwe ngemibhalo angayikhiqiza kanye nezinsuku angazibophezela kuzo, hhayi ngohlu lwemikhiqizo esekhathalogini yakhe, ngoba uhlelo lwamathangi luhluleka emaphepheni okuqinisekisa kanye nezinsuku zokumiswa kaningi kakhulu kunasemklamo wethangi. Ukuhlolwa kobufakazi kuqala ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe uhlu olufushane: lokho umenzi angakusho mayelana nomkhawulo wakhe wokukhiqiza, kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwepuleti lonyaka kuya kwelona qokobhe elilodwa elikhulu kunazo zonke alakhile kanye nesisindo esikhulu kunazo zonke umgodi wakhe ongakwazi ukusiphatha. Bese kuthi isethi yemibhalo ihlolwe, hhayi nje ukubalwa kwayo: isitifiketi se-ISO 9001 sithi uhlelo lwekhwalithi lukhona, isitifiketi se-NSF/ANSI 61 sithi izingxenye ezisohlwini ziqinisekisiwe ukuthi zingathintana namanzi okuphuza, i-ISO 28765 ilawula uqweqwe, i-EN 1090 enophawu lwe-CE ihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo, i-AWWA D103-09 ihlanganisa ithangi eliboshiwe kanye nokugunyazwa kwe-FM kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kokuvikela umlilo. Akukho kuzo okuthatha indawo yesitifiketi esiqondene nephrojekthi. Isikhathi sokulinda bese sakhiwa kabusha kusukela ezinyathelweni zangempela zenqubo kunokuba samukelwe njengenombolo, ngoba usuku olungalandeleki kuze kufike ekukhiqizweni kwepuleti, ekugqameni, ekwakhiweni, ekuthunyelweni, esisekelweni, ekumisweni nasekusebenziseni lusuku oluzohamba, njengoba kuchaziwe kumenzi wethangi lamanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Okufanele kuhlolwe ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe uhlu lwabakhethiwe
Uhlelo lokuhlola lwangaphambi kohlu olufushane ukuthi ingabe umkhiqizi angaphendula imibuzo emine mayelana nomsebenzi ngezinombolo esikhundleni sezichasiso. Ingabe angasho ubukhulu obukhulu begobolondo azokwakha, ububanzi obukhulu nokuphakama, isisindo esinzima kunazo zonke esisodwa umgodi wakhe ongayenza, kanye nenani lokukhiqizwa lonyaka lomugqa wakhe wokukhiqiza? Ingabe uzozibophezela emadokhumentini okuqinisekisa aqondene nephrojekthi esikhundleni sezitifiketi zenkampani? Ingabe uzobuyisela ukulandelana kokwakhiwa okunesikhathi sesinyathelo ngasinye? Ingabe uzokwamukela ukubuyekezwa komdwebo kanye nesikhathi sokugunyazwa njengezibopho zesivumelwano? Lowo onqabayo umbuzo wokugcina ukhombisa ukuthi uhlelo luzoqhubeka ngokubhalelana, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Umkhawulo wokukhiqiza: igobolondo elikhulu kakhulu, ububanzi, ukuphakama, ukusinda okukhulu kakhulu kokunyuswa kwegceke, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Izitifiketi eziqondene nephrojekthi, hhayi ezinga lekhamphani, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Izikhathi zenqubo ngesinyathelo ngasinye, ukuze isikhathi sokulinda sikwazi ukuhlolwa, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Ukubuyekezwa komdwebo kanye nesikhathi sokugunyazwa okubhalwe esivumelwaneni, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Ikhono lokukhiqiza ngamagama aconkile
Ikhono lokukhiqiza ngokuvamile liyashiwo futhi akuvamisile ukufakazelwa, futhi indlela yokulihlola iwukubuza umkhawulo esikhundleni sesimangalo. Impendulo esebenzisekayo isho umkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamapuleti omugqa we-enameling, ububanzi obukhulu bedamu nokuphakama umsebenzi ozokwakha, umthamo we-shop crane wokuhlanganisa okusinda kakhulu, nendawo yokubeka etholakalayo. Ngayinye iwumkhawulo ongahlolwa uma uqhathaniswa nephrojekthi kanye nerekhodi: inkampani eye yagcina isizinda sayo sokukhiqiza kusukela ngo-2008, isebenza embonini engamamitha-skwele angu-150,000, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti e-enamel-coated angu-300,000 ngonyaka futhi ithi amandla ayo okuklama afinyelela kumamitha-cubic angu-60,000 isisho amandla ayo ngendlela umthengi angayihlola ngayo, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamadamu amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Umthamo wonyaka womugqa we-enameling, nokuthi ubalwa kanjani, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Igobolondo elikhulu kunawo wonke elizokwakhiwa yisikhungo sokusebenzela, ngobubanzi nokuphakama, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Ukuphakama okunzima kakhulu okungenziwa yigceke lasekhaya, kanye nomthamo wekhrini, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Umthamo, ubukhulu, unyaka kanye nobubanzi bamaphrojekthi afanayo, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Imibhalo yokuqinisekisa okufanele iyofunwa, nokuthi ngayinye ifakazelani
Ukuqinisekiswa yilapho ukuhlolwa komhlinzeki ngokuvamile kufaka uhlu esikhundleni sokuhlola, ngakho-ke isiyalo esiwusizo ukubuza ukuthi incwadi ngayinye ifakazelani ngempela. Azikho kulezi zitifiketi ezithatha indawo yezinye: isitifiketi sokuphathwa kwekhwalithi sithi uhlelo lukhona, isitifiketi somkhiqizo sithi umkhiqizo othile wahlolwa, futhi isitifiketi sephrojekthi sithi izingxenye ezithile ezisethangini esithile zahlolwa. Ukwehluleka okuvamile ukwamukela isitifiketi senkampani lapho kudingeka khona isitifiketi sephrojekthi. I-NSF/ANSI 61 yokuxhumana namanzi okuphuzwayo kufanele ibale izingxenye eziqinisekisiwe, kuhlanganise nama-gasket nama-sealant, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe kumkhiqizi wethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Umbhalo | Lokho okukufakazelayo | Lokho engakufakazeli |
ISO 9001 | Uhlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi luyahlolwa | Ukuthi noma yiliphi ithangi elithile lizokwenziwa ngendlela efanele |
ISO 14001 kanye ne-ISO 45001 | Izinhlelo zemvelo nokuphepha zikhona | Noma yini emayelana nomkhiqizo |
NSF/ANSI 61 | Izingxenye ezimanzi eziqanjiwe ziqinisekisiwe ukuthi zithintana namanzi okuphuza | Isakhiwo, umlilo, ukwakheka kokuzamazama komhlaba |
ISO 28765 | I-enamel ihlangabezana nohlelo olucacisiwe lokusebenza | Isakhiwo sethangi noma umsebenzi wokwakha |
EN 1090 enophawu lwe-CE | Ukuqhubeka kwesakhiwo nokulawulwa kokukhiqiza efektri | Ukumboza, isimo sokuthintana namanzi okuphuza |
AWWA D103-09 | Ithangi eliboshiwe njengomkhiqizo, izinto zokwakha nokumiswa | Izinto ezisizayo, ukuxhumana kwesiza |
Imvume ye-FM | Umkhiqizo njengoba uvunyiwe ukuvikela umlilo | Izisekelo, amapayipi, ukusebenza |
Izinkomba eziqhathanisekayo nendlela yokuziphenya
Uhlu lwezinkomba luyisethi yezimangalo, futhi luba ubufakazi kuphela lapho luphenywa ngokumelene nemininingwane eqondile. Umbuzo odala ukuthi isethenjwa esibuthakathaka sivezwe awukona ukuthi umhlinzeki wakhe ithangi elinosayizi ofanayo yini, kodwa ukuthi angakwazi yini ukuchaza iphrojekthi efanayo ngamagama omthengi uqobo: uhlobo lwethangi, umthamo obekiwe kanye nomthamo osebenzayo, ububanzi nokuphakama, izimo zomhlaba nesimo sezulu, uhlelo lokulethwa nokumiswa, ububanzi bokuhlinzekwa kanye nomphumela wokwamukelwa. Izihlungi ezimbili zibalulekile: ububanzi bokuhlinzekwa, ngoba ukulethwa kwethangi kuphela esimweni sezulu esithambile akusho okuningi mayelana nephrojekthi efakiwe, kanye nomphumela wokwamukelwa, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Uhlobo lwethangi, umthamo omisiwe nowokusebenza, ububanzi nokuphakama, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Izimo zomhlaba nesimo sezulu, ezinquma ukumbozwa kanye nesisekelo, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Uhlelo lokulethwa nokwakhiwa olufinyelelwe, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ububanzi bokuhlinzekwa, umphumela wokwamukelwa, ireferensi ethintekayo, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Isikhathi sokuhola, nokuthi sakhiwa kanjani kusukela ezinyathelweni zangempela zokulandelana
Isikhathi sokulethwa esicashuniwe siyethembeka lapho singahlukaniswa sibe yizinyathelo ezisikhiqizayo, futhi umhlinzeki ongayohlukanisi ucela umthengi ukuthi amukele usuku ngokuthemba. Ukulandelana kuqala ekukhiqizweni kwepuleti nephaneli, kudlule ekufakweni kwengubo noma kwe-enamel, kuze kufike ekwakhiweni nasekuhlanganiseni, kuze kufike ekupakishweni nasekuthunyelweni, bese kufika esisekelweni sendawo, ekumisweni, ekuxhumaniseni nasekusebenziseni. Izinyathelo ezine zokugcina ikakhulukazi ezingezomthengi futhi zivame ukuba sendleleni ebucayi, ngakho usuku olubalulekile usuku okugcwaliswa ngalo ithangi futhi lisebenze, njengoba kuchaziwe ngomkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Isinyathelo sokulandelana | Okukhiqizayo | Ubani okulawulayo |
Ukukhiqizwa kwamapulangwe namaphaneli | Amaphaneli amboziwe noma afakwe i-enamel osayizi begobolondo | Umkhiqizi; umthamo womugqa |
Ukumboza noma ukufaka i-enamel | Uhlelo lokumboza olushisiwe noma olwelashiwe kumaphaneli | Umkhiqizi; inqubo eqhubekayo |
Ukwakhiwa nokuhlanganiswa | Amakhosi egobolondo, izinto zokuxhuma, iphakethe lokuhlanganisa | Umkhiqizi; indawo yokusebenzela, imibhalo |
Ukupakisha nokuthumela | Amayunithi ezokuthutha nemibhalo yokulethwa | Umkhiqizi, umthwali; umzila, ukupakisha |
Isisekelo sendawo | Isisekelo okwakhiwe kuso ithangi | Umthengi; uqala emdwebeni |
Ukwakha nokusebenza | Igobolondo elakhiwe kanye nethangi elisebenzayo | Kabiwe; ikhreni, ukufinyelela, isimo sezulu, ukulungela |
Izindleko zewindi lokwakha eliphuthelwe
Iwindi lokumisa liwusuku olulodwa olubiza kakhulu ohlelweni, futhi ukuliphuthelwa kubiza ngaphezu kokubambezeleka ekwenziweni. Izindleko eziqondile ukubuyiselwa kwethimba lokumisa kanye ne-crane, ukunwetshwa kokuqashwa kwemishini, ukuma kwabakhiqizi abangaphansi abakhethekile, kanye nokuvikelwa kwamaphaneli asevele esizeni. Izindleko ezingaqondile aziveli kunoma iyiphi i-invoyisi: isikhala sokugunyazwa esilahlekile, ukuphazamiseka ohlelweni lokwakha lwesakhiwo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukushintsha kwesimo se-tank ngenxa yokuthi i-crane elandelayo inokufinyelela okuhlukile. Yingakho ukuzibophezela kufanele kube uhlelo lwemilestone olunezibopho ezinomhla, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Ukwesekwa kwendawo nokwesekwa kobuchwepheshe njengengxenye yomkhiqizo
Ukusekelwa kwesizindalwazi nokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe kuvame ukuthathwa njengomusa futhi empeleni kuyingxenye yento elethwayo, ngoba ithangi alikapheli lapho sishiya imboni. Umdwebo wesisekelo uyinto elethwayo yezobuchwepheshe okufanele ikhishwe kusenesikhathi futhi uklanywe ngokuhambisana nombiko we-geotechnical, futhi umkhiqizi okhipha umdwebo sekwephuzile ulawula usuku umthengi angakwazi ngalo ukuqala isisekelo. Incwadi yokufaka, ukulandelana kokumiswa kanye namarekhodi okuhlolwa ngokuhlanganyela yimibhalo evumela ukuthi igobolondo lamukelwe, futhi isiqondiso sokusebenza yilapho izixhumanisi zivaleka khona, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Umdwebo wesisekelo, okhishwe kusenesikhathi futhi waklanywa ngokusho kombiko we-geotechnical, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Incwadi yokufaka, ukulandelana kokwakha kanye namarekhodi okuhlolwa kwamajoyinti, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Isiqondiso sokusebenza: ukugcwalisa, ukuhlanza, ukulinganisa, ukuhlola kanye nemibandela yokwamukela, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Uhlu lwezinsiza ezincane kanye nohlu lwamathuluzi, nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Imibandela yenkontileka evikela uhlelo
Ikhontilekthi yilapho ukuhlolwa kungaba ngokoqobo noma kuhlale kungumbono omuhle. Amaqembu amane emibandela abalulekile. Eyokuqala yisikhathi: isibopho sokulethwa esinosuku olubekiwe, isibopho sokumiswa esinosuku olubekiwe, kanye nenkokhelo yomonakalo esebenza endleleni ebucayi yomthengi hhayi kuphela efektri. Eyesibili yimvume: isikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwedrowing esinesikhathi esibekiwe, kanye nesimiso lapho idrowing engaphawulwanga ngesikhathi ithathwa njengegunyaziwe, ngoba ilungelo lokubuyekeza elingapheli ukubambezeleka okungenamkhawulo. Eyesithathu inkokhelo kanye nezingxenye zokushintsha; eyesine umthetho obusayo, umshwalense kanye nokuxazululwa kwezingxabano, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Izibopho zokulethwa nokwakhiwa okunosuku olubekiwe, kanye nezindleko zokulahlekelwa okubekiwe endleleni, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Isikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwemidwebo esinesikhathi esishiwo, ukugunyazwa okuthathwa njengokugunyaziwe, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Izinkokhelo zezigaba ezixhumene nezehlakalo eziqinisekisekayo, hhayi izinsuku, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Uhlu lwezingxenye zokugcina, izikhathi zewaranti, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, umthetho, umshuwalense, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Ikhadi lokuhlola umhlinzeki, kanye nokuthi ukuxwayisa okubomvu kubukeka kanjani
Ikhadi lamaphuzu lenza ukuhlolwa kuqhathaniseke phakathi kwababhidi futhi livimba ukwethulwa okunamandla kakhulu ekuthatheni irekhodi elibuthakathaka. Izisindo ziyizibonelo futhi kufanele zisethelwe umthengi, kodwa ukulandelana akunjalo: ubufakazi bamakhono nobufakazi bemibhalo kuza kuqala ngoba buyaqinisekiseka, uhlelo nemigomo yezentengiselwano kulandela ngoba kuvikela usuku, futhi intengo ifundwa ekugcineni ngokuqhathaniswa nomkhakha ojwayelekile. Izimpawu ezibomvu ziwukwenqaba kunokuba kube ukuntuleka: umkhiqizi ongavumi ukwamukela ukubuyekezwa komdwebo, ongakwazi ukukhiqiza isitifiketi sephrojekthi kodwa azokhiqiza esenkampani, noma ongakwazi ukunikeza isikhathi sesinyathelo ngasinye senqubo, njengoba kuchaziwe ngomkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Amandla okukhiqiza: imikhawulo eshiwo, umthamo wokukhiqiza, amaphrojekthi afanayo, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Idokhumenti nokugunyazwa: izitifiketi zephrojekthi ezinomkhakha oshiwo, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Izinkomba eziqhathanisekayo: ziphenywa ngobuningi, umkhakha, umphumela, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Ukwethembeka kwesikhathi sokulethwa: ubude besikhathi sesinyathelo ngasinye, usuku olubekiwe lokumiswa, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Ukusekelwa kwesizinda nobuchwepheshe: imiphumela eqanjiwe, enosuku, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Ukuvikelwa kwezinkontileka: izinxephezelo, izimvume, izinkokhelo zamaphuzu abalulekile, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Intengo: ububanzi obufanayo, isimo, i-coating, imigomo, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Isisekelo samaqiniso enkampani njengesibonelo esisebenzayo sesitatimende sekhono eliqinisekisekayo
Into yekhono | Iqiniso lenkampani elisetshenziswe njengesibonelo | Lokho elikubonisayo |
Isizinda sokukhiqiza | Isitshalo esingama-150,000 m2 esisebenza kusukela ngo-2008 | Umkhawulo oshiwo umthengi angawuhlola ngokumelene nephrojekthi |
Umthamo wonyaka | Cishe ama-plate angu-300,000 ane-enamel ngonyaka | Izinga elilingana nomsebenzi oshiwo |
Ikhono lokuklama | Kufika ku-60,000 m3 | Umkhawulo ophezulu walokho okungaklanywa |
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1. Yini okufanele ihlolwe ngaphambi kokukhetha umkhiqizi?
Imibuzo emine mayelana nomsebenzi, ephendulwa ngezinombolo nemibhalo. Ingabe umkhiqizi angasho igobolondo lakhe elikhulu, ububanzi nokuphakama, umthwalo wakhe osindayo wasegcekeni kanye nenani lakhe lonyaka lokuphuma? Ingabe uzozibophezela kuzitifiketi eziqondene nephrojekthi esikhundleni sezitifiketi zenkampani? Ingabe uzobuyisela ukulandelana kokwakhiwa okunesikhathi sesinyathelo ngasinye? Ingabe uzokwamukela isikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwemidwebo njengesibopho senkontileka, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha?
Umbuzo 2. Ingabe amandla okukhiqiza aqinisekiswa kanjani ngokusobala?
Ngokubuza umkhawulo esikhundleni sesimangalo: umkhiqizo wamapuleti wonyaka, igobolondo elikhulu kakhulu elizokwakhiwa yindawo yokusebenzela, umthamo wekrene yesitolo wokuhlanganisa okusinda kakhulu, kanye nendawo yokubeka etholakalayo. Ngamunye umkhawulo ongahlolwa ngokuqhathaniswa nephrojekthi kanye nerekhodi lokulethwa. Izimangalo zesilinganiso ngaphandle kwenombolo azinamphumela, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 3. Yimaphi amadokhumenti okuqinisekisa okufanele afunwe?
I-ISO 9001 yohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi, i-ISO 14001 ne-ISO 45001 yezinhlelo zemvelo nokuphepha, i-NSF/ANSI 61 yezingxenye ezimanzi ekuxhumaneni namanzi okuphuza, i-ISO 28765 yokufakwa koqweqwe, i-EN 1090 enophawu lwe-CE lokwenziwa kwesakhiwo, i-AWWA D103-09 yethangi eliboshiwe kanye nokugunyazwa kwe-FM kokuvikelwa komlilo. Ngakunye kufanele kuhambisane nephrojekthi lapho ububanzi buvuma khona, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 4. Izingxenye eziqhathanisekayo kufanele ziphenywe kanjani?
Ngokubuza ngeprojekthi efanayo ngamagama omthengi uqobo: uhlobo lwethangi, ivolumu eyisisekelo neyempumelelo, ububanzi nokuphakama, izimo zomhlaba nesimo sezulu, uhlelo lokulethwa nokwakhiwa olufinyelelwe, ububanzi bokuhlinzekwa, kanye nomphumela wokwamukelwa. Izihlungi ezimbili zibalulekile, ububanzi bokuhlinzekwa nomphumela wokwamukelwa, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 5. Isikhathi sokulinda esithembekile sakhiwa kanjani kusukela ezinyathelweni zangempela zokulandelana?
Kusukela ekukhiqizeni amapuleti namaphaneli kuya ekufakweni kwengubo noma kwe-enamel, ukwakhiwa nokuhlanganiswa, ukupakisha nokuthumela, bese kuba isisekelo sendawo, ukwakhiwa, ukuxhuma nokuqalisa ukusebenza. Izinyathelo ezine zokugcina zisezindaweni ezibalulekile futhi ikakhulukazi ngezomthengi. Idethi umthengi ayikhathazayo yidethi ithangi eligcwaliswa futhi lisebenza ngayo, hhayi idethi elaphuma ngayo efektri, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 6. Kusho ukuthini ukulahlekelwa yisikhathi sokwakhiwa?
Ukuphinda kuhlelwe kabusha kweqembu lokwakha kanye ne-crane, ukuqashwa kwemishini okwandisiwe, ukulinda kosonkontileka abakhethekile, kanye nokuvikelwa kwamaphaneli asevele esizeni. Izindleko ezinkulu azizona eziqondile: isikhala sokugunyazwa esilahlekile, ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lokwakha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukushintsha kwesimo sethangi ngenxa yokuthi i-crane elandelayo inokufinyelela okuhlukile, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 7. Ingabe ukusekelwa kwesizeni nokwesayensi yezobuchwepheshe kuyingxenye yomkhiqizo ozokwethulwa?
Kuyingxenye yomsebenzi okufanele ukhishwe, ngoba ithangi aliqediwe lapho lisuka efektri. Umdwebo wesisekelo, incwadi yokufaka, ukulandelana kokwakha, amarekhodi okuhlolwa kwamalunga, isiqondiso sokuqalisa ukusebenza, uhlu lwezinto ezisizayo nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kuyimisebenzi yobuchwepheshe enezinsuku, hhayi umusa, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 8. Yimiphi imigomo yenkontileka evikela uhlelo?
Amaqembu amane. Isikhathi: izibopho zokulethwa nokwakhiwa ezinomhlaka kanye nomonakalo okhokhwayo emgudwini obalulekile womthengi. Ukugunyazwa: isikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwemidwebo esinesikhathi esishiwo kanye nomthetho wokugunyazwa okucatshangwayo, ngoba ilungelo lokubuyekeza elingapheli liwukubambezeleka okungenamkhawulo. Ukukhokha kanye nezinsiza: izinkokhelo zezigaba ezixhumene nezehlakalo eziqinisekisekayo. Kanye neqoqo elijwayelekile: umthetho obusayo, ukuxazululwa kwezingxabano kanye nomshuwalense, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 9. Yini equkethwe yikhadi lokuhlola umhlinzeki?
Izingxenye eziyisikhombisa: ikhono lokukhiqiza, ubufakazi bemibhalo nezitifiketi, izinkomba eziqhathanisekayo, ukuthembeka kwesikhathi sokulethwa, ukusekelwa kwesizinda nobuchwepheshe, ukuvikelwa kwezinkontileka, kanye nokufundwa kwentengo endaweni elinganiselwe. Ukulandelana kubaluleke kakhulu kunezisindo: ikhono nobufakazi bemibhalo kuqala, uhlelo nemigomo kulandela, intengo ekugcineni, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 10. Yiziphi izimpawu zokuxwayisa?
Kungukwenqaba hhayi ukuntuleka. Umenzi ongakuvumi ukubuyekezwa komdwebo, ongakwazi ukukhiqiza isitifiketi esiqondene nephrojekthi kodwa angakhiqiza esekhamphani, noma ongakwazi ukunikeza isikhathi sesinyathelo ngasinye senqubo akazimisele ukulinganiswa ngaso. Uphawu lwesine yisikhathi sokulinda esingenalo usuku lokumiswa, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umenzi wethangi lesikhungo sedatha kufanele ahlulelwe ngemibhalo angayikhiqiza kanye nezinsuku angazibophezela kuzo, ngoba uhlelo lwethangi luhluleka emaphepheni okuqinisekisa nasezinsukwini zokumiswa kaningi kakhulu kunasemklamo wethangi. Ukuhlolwa kunokulandelana: imikhawulo yokukhiqiza kuqala, ngoba umkhawulo uyaqinisekiseka; isethi yemibhalo yesibili, ngoba isitifiketi sifakazela kuphela lokho esikushoyo; izinkomba eziphenywayo zisithathu, ngoba uhlu lwezinkomba luyisethi yezimangalo kuze kube yilapho luchazwa ngamagama omthengi uqobo; isikhathi sokulinda sesine, ngoba usuku olungalandeleki kuze kufike ekukhiqizweni kwamapuleti, ekugqameni, ekwakhiweni, ekuthunyelweni, esisekelweni, ekumisweni nasekusebenziseni luzoshintsha. Ukwenqaba okubili okufanele kunqume uhlu olufushane kulula: ukungafuni ukwamukela isikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwemidwebo, kanye nokungakwazi ukunikeza izitifiketi eziqondene nephrojekthi, njengoba kuchaziwe kumenzi wethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela umsebenzi kanye nezinga ledamu ngalinye, umthamo olawulayo kanye nemikhawulo yejometri, uhlelo lokumboza kanye nesitifiketi sokuphuzwa noma sokuvikela umlilo esidingekayo ezingeni lephrojekthi, imikhawulo yesiza ehlanganisa ukufinyelela, indawo yokubeka kanye newindi likakheshi, usuku okufanele idamu ligcwaliswe ngalo futhi lisebenze, isikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwemidwebo ongasebenza ngaso, kanye nemigomo yezentengiselwano odinga ukuyivikela. Sizobuyisela indlela yokuhlola enemibuzo yamakhono kanye nohlu lwamadokhumenti, imephu yesitifiketi ekhombisa ukuthi idokhumenti ngayinye ifakazelani nokuthi ayifakazeli ini, isikhathi sokuhola esakhiwe kabusha kusukela ezinyathelweni zenqubo kanye nengqophamlando yokwakhiwa ekhonjiwe, imigomo yenkontileka evikela uhlelo, ikhadi lamaphuzu lokuhlola ababhidi, kanye nohlu lwezimpawu eziyisixwayiso, ngokuningiliziwe komkhiqizi wamadamu amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Mayelana ne-Center Enamel
I-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd (Center Enamel) ingumkhiqizi ochwepheshe ozinikele ekuklameni nasekwakheni amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngamabhawudi kusukela ngo-2008. Uhlu lwemikhiqizo luhlanganisa amathangi e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS), amathangi e-Fusion-Bonded Epoxy (FBE), amathangi ensimbi engagqwali, amathangi ensimbi e-galvanized kanye nophahla lwe-aluminium geodesic dome, kanye nokwesekwa kobuchwepheshe be-EPC kanye nezinsiza zamathangi. Ukukhiqizwa kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001, ISO 14001 kanye ne-ISO 45001, futhi uhlu lwemikhiqizo luqinisekisiwe nge-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, CE kanye ne-EN 1090, ISO 28765, AWWA D103-09 kanye ne-NFPA lapho isicelo sidinga khona. Inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 okufaka u-enamel, isebenza endaweni yokukhiqiza engu-150,000 m2, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi e-enamel-coated angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ithumele amathangi emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Ikhono lokuklama kobunjiniyela lihlanganisa umthamo wamathangi afinyelela ku-60,000 m3, njengoba kuchaziwe kumkhiqizi wamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
WhatsApp