I-NSF/ANSI 61 Namathangi Amanzi Okuphuza: Okuhlanganiswa Ukugunyazwa
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
I-NSF/ANSI 61 Namathangi Amanzi Okuphuza: Okuhlanganiswa Ukugunyazwa
I-NSF/ANSI 61 ikhawulela ukungcola okungase kukhishwe izinto ezithintana namanzi okuphuza; ayihloli isakhiwo, ukuphila kwengubo, noma i-hydraulics. Ukugunyazwa kunamathela ezintweni ezithile zokuxhumana ezigunyazwe yi-NSF/ANSI 61 ngomkhiqizo nangokwakheka, hhayi enkampanini. Incazelo kumele isho izinga futhi idinge izitifiketi zazo zonke izingxenye ezimanzi, kanti isiphathimandla samanzi sendawo yisona esinquma ekugcineni ngokwamukelwa.
Isingeniso
I-NSF/ANSI 61 ingenye yezinkomba ezicashunwa kakhulu futhi ezingaqondwa kahle kakhulu ekucaciseni kwethangi lamanzi okuphuza. Uma uthenga ithangi lamanzi okuphuza, umbuzo awukho ekutheni igama elithi 'NSF' liyavela yini encwajaneni yomhlinzeki, kodwa ukuthi izinto ezithintana namanzi kulelo thangi ziqinisekisiwe yini ngokwalelo standard, nokuthi lokho kuqinisekisa kufakazelani futhi kungafakazeli ini. Le ndatshana ihlukanisa lokho okuhlolwa yilolu standard kulokho okushiyelwa kweminye imithetho, ukuze imfuneko ifike esigabeni esifanele somthetho wakho.
Umehluko ubalulekile ngoba i-NSF/ANSI 61 iyindinganiso yemiphumela yezempilo, hhayi indinganiso yesakhiwo noma yokuqina kwesembozo. Ikhawulela ukungcola okungase kufakwe yizinto ezimanzi emanzini okuphuza; ayihloli amandla ethangi, impilo yesembozo saso, noma ukuziphatha kwaso kokuhamba kwamanzi. Ithangi lingase lizinze ngokwesakhiwo kodwa liphathe izinto zokuxhumana ezingakaze zihlolwe ukusetshenziswa emanzini okuphuza, futhi nokuphambene nakho kungenzeka. Ukufunda isitifiketi ngendlela efanele kugcina umbuzo wekhwalithi yamanzi uhlukile emibuzweni yezobunjiniyela ephendulwa ezinye izindinganiso.
Lapho ucacisa, ucela umhlinzeki ubufakazi mayelana nemikhiqizo eqanjiwe, hhayi isimangalo esijwayelekile mayelana nenkampani. Izigaba ezingezansi zihamba ngobubanzi, izingxenye ezithintana namanzi, isimo sokugunyazwa somkhiqizo ngamunye, kanye namadokhumenti okufanele uwafune ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-oda.
Lokho i-NSF/ANSI 61 ekuhlolayo
NSF/ANSI 61 (isihloko esigcwele NSF/ANSI/CAN 61, Izingxenye Zohlelo Loketshezi Loketshezi Lwamanzi Okuphuza - Imiphumela Yezempilo) iyindinganiso ebeka imikhawulo enanini lezinto ezingcolisayo umuntu angazithola kusetshenziswa ingxenye yohlelo lwamanzi okuphuza emanzini ewathintayo. Iyindinganiso yemiphumela yezempilo, hhayi indinganiso yokusebenza. Ukuhlolwa kubheka izinto ezihlangana namanzi aphuzwayo - insimbi, ipulasitiki, i-elastomer, i-coating, i-sealant - futhi kukala ukuthi zikhipha ini ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlola ezichaziwe. Inhloso ukuvimbela ithangi kanye nezinto zalo zokuxhuma ekwehliseni izinga lamanzi, hhayi ukwahlulela ukuthi ithangi liyimela yini, libamba ingcindezi, noma limelana nokugqwala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Lapho ufunda uphawu lokugunyazwa, lubhekisela ezintweni ezithile zokuxhumana ezithintwayo ezigunyazwe ku-NSF/ANSI 61, ezifakwe ohlwini ngomkhiqizo nangokwakheka, hhayi ithangi lilonke. Izinga liphendula umbuzo owodwa omncane: ingabe le nto yokuxhumana yengeza ukungcola emanzini? Konke okunye mayelana nethangi kuphendulwa ezinye izindinganiso.
Lokho engakuhloli
Izinga alihloli umthamo wesakhiwo, ngakho iphaneli ehlanganisiwe edlula ukuhlolwa kwemiphumela yezempilo ayiyona ithangi eligunyaziwe ngokwesakhiwo. Alibeki ubukhulu befilimu yokuhlanganisa, ukunamathela, noma isikhathi sokusebenza, futhi alihloli ukuthi ukuhlanganisa kusebenza kanjani ngaphansi kokushintsha kokushisa noma ukuhuzuka.
Akuhloli isisekelo, indawo yokubambelela, noma amapayipi angaphandle kwengxenye ngokwayo. Futhi akuhloli ukushisela, ukuhlangana okuboshiwe, noma ukuziphatha kwe-hydraulic kwethangi elihlanganisiwe. Kulokho uncika esimisweni sokwakha esifana ne-AWWA D100 yamathangi ensimbi ashiselwe noma i-AWWA D103 yamathangi ensimbi aboshiwe, kanye nesisekelo sokuklama kwesakhiwo nokuzamazama komhlaba. I-NSF/ANSI 61 iphendula umbuzo owodwa omncane: ingabe le nto yokuxhumana yengeza ukungcola emanzini?
Yiziphi izingxenye ezidinga ukuqinisekiswa
Yonke ingxenye yethangi kanye nezinto ezihambisana nalo ezithinta amanzi aphuzwayo zingaphansi kobubanzi: indawo yokuxhumana yogobolondo, noma yiluphi uhlaka lwangaphakathi noma i-coating yangaphakathi, izindawo zokuxhumana zophahla naphansi, izindwangu zomgwaqo womuntu nezindawo zokuphuma, ama-gasket nama-sealant emihlanganweni, amabhawudi uma ethinta amanzi, kanye namapayipi angaphakathi, ama-valve nezinto zokuxhuma endleleni yamanzi.
Umthetho ukuthintana, hhayi uhlobo lwempahla. Indawo yensimbi engagqwali, iphaneli yengilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi, i-epoxy lining kanye ne-rubber gasket konke kungaphakathi kobubanzi uma amanzi efinyelela kukho. Izinto ezingalokothi zithintane namanzi - i-exterior coating, isisekelo, ileli yangaphandle - zingaphandle kwesilinganiso. Uma ucacisa, bhala indlela yokuxhumana futhi ufune ukuthi into ngayinye kuyo iphathe izinto zokuxhumana eziqinisekisiwe ku-NSF/ANSI 61.
Ukuqinisekiswa kungokomkhiqizo, hhayi ngekhampani
Ukuqinisekiswa kunamathela kumkhiqizo oqanjiwe kanye nokwakheka kwawo, kuhlolwa yinhlangano yomuntu wesithathu ngokwesilinganiso, futhi kuyavuselelwa ngomjikelezo ngokugadwa. Akusona imvume ebanzi yakho konke okwenziwa umkhiqizi.
Iphaneli yensimbi evela emugqeni owodwa wokukhiqiza, enenhlanganisela eyodwa yokumboza, iqinisekiswa njengalowo mkhiqizo; enye inhlanganisela, enye into esetshenziswayo, noma ushintsho enqubweni yokuqinisa kungase kungabi ngaphansi kobubanzi obubhaliwe. Yingakho umcacisi ecela isitifiketi esisho ngqo umkhiqizo osethangini, hhayi incwadi ethi inkampani iqinisekisiwe. Umbuzo onengqondo ukuthi ingabe into ethile yokuxhumana kuleli thangi isohlwini, nenombolo yesitifiketi samanje kanye nobubanzi obusebenzayo. Inkampani inezitifiketi eziningi zemikhiqizo; akukho neyodwa yazo ehlanganisa umkhiqizo ongekho ohlwini.
Ama-coating, ama-gasket kanye nama-sealant asemanzini okuxhumana nawo
Lezi yizingxenye ezivame ukushiywa. Ithangi lingase libe nezinga lesakhiwo ebhokisini lesihloko futhi lisagcine ingubo yangaphakathi engakaze ihlolwe ukuthi ingasebenzisana namanzi okuphuza. Ingubo iyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke emanzi, ngakho ukugunyazwa kwayo kubalulekile njengensimbi.
Cacisa ukuthi i-lining yangaphakathi iyi-coating ehlolwe ngaphansi kwe-NSF/ANSI 61, futhi usho ifomula. Ama-gasket ezindaweni ezihlanganisiwe kanye nama-nozzle angama-elastomer ahlala ngqo endleleni yamanzi; ngayinye kufanele ibe inhlanganisela esohlwini. Ama-sealant asetshenziswa ezindaweni zokungena nawo asemkhakheni. Lapho kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwengilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi, i-vitreous enamel ngokwayo iyindawo yokuthinta futhi kufanele ibe yinto eqinisekisiwe. Thatha i-coating, i-gasket kanye ne-sealant njengezitifiketi ezihlukene, hhayi njengokucabanga okukodwa.
Yibuphi ubufakazi okufanele ubuze kumphakeli
Cela isitifiketi samanje esisho umkhiqizo oqondile, ifomula, inombolo yesitifiketi kanye nezinsuku zokusebenza, esikhishwe umgwamanda ozimele ogunyaziwe. Cela ububanzi bokufakwa kohlu lomkhiqizo - ukuthi kuhlanganisa ini kanye nanoma yimiphi imibandela.
Buza isitifiketi sayo yonke ingxenye yokuxhumana, hhayi ugobolondo kuphela: i-coating, ama-gaskets, i-sealant, izingxenye zangaphakathi. Buza inombolo ye-lot noma ukuhlonza kokukhiqiza okuxhumanisa impahla elethiwe nomkhiqizo oqinisekisiwe. Buza ukuthi uhlu lungabhekwa kuphi, ngoba umgwamanda okhiphayo ugcina irekhodi lomphakathi noma elingabuzwa. Thatha umusho wokumaketha onjengokuthi 'uhlangabezana nezidingo ze-NSF/ANSI 61' njengokwanele wodwa; isimangalo sokuhambisana asifani nomkhiqizo osohlwini ngaphansi kwesilinganiso. Imibhalo kufanele ibize imikhiqizo, hhayi izigaba.
Ukuthi isitifiketi singena kanjani esicacisweni
Bhala imfuneko yokugunyazwa esigabeni sezinto zokuxhumana, hhayi njengesitatimende esingacacile sekhwalithi. Shono izinga, funa izinto zokuxhumana ezigunyazwe ku-NSF/ANSI 61 kuyo yonke into emanzi, futhi funa izitifiketi kanye nokuthunyelwa.
Gcina isitifiketi sihlukile ezimfunekweni zesakhiwo kanye nokusebenza kwengubo, ezilawulwa izinga lokwakha kanye nencazelo yengubo. Ekubuyekezweni, isiphathimandla noma unjiniyela uhlola izitifiketi ngokuhambisana nohlu lwezinto zokwakha: into ngayinye emanzi ixhumene nomkhiqizo osohlwini. Lapho into ingenayo into efanayo esohlwini, leso sikhala siphawulwa ngaphambi kokuthengwa, hhayi ngemva kokulethwa. Isitifiketi singeniso esisodwa encazelweni evumelekile, kanye nesisekelo somthamo, umklamo wesakhiwo kanye nohlelo lwengubo. Siphendula umbuzo wekhwalithi yamanzi; asiphenduli eminye.
Lapho isiphathimandla samanzi sinelizwi lokugcina
Isiphathimandla samanzi sendawo noma unjiniyela ogunyazayo unquma ukuthi isitifiketi esithile siyamukelwa yini ekufakweni, futhi leso sinqumo singancika kumthetho wendawo wamapayipi noma wamanzi okuphuza, kububanzi obukhethiwe, nasezimweni ezihambisana nesitifiketi.
Umkhiqizo oqinisekisiwe ku-NSF/ANSI 61 ngokuvamile waziwa ngokuthinta amanzi okuphuza, kodwa ukwamukelwa akwenzeki ngokuzenzakalela kuzo zonke izindawo zokuphatha, futhi ezinye zicacisa izidingo ezengeziwe. Qinisekisa kusenesikhathi ukuthi yiluphi uhlaka oluzokwamukelwa yisiphathimandla kanye nokuthi umkhiqizo oqondile uyingxenye yalokho. Fakela leyo mpendulo esicacisweni ngaphambi kokuthenga ukuze izitifiketi zethangi elilethiwe kube yizo ezizokwamukelwa umhloli. Izinga libeka indinganiso yemiphumela yezempilo; isiphathimandla siyisebenzisa kuphrojekthi, futhi izwi laso liyizwi lokugcina.
Ububanzi Bokuhlola kwe-NSF/ANSI 61: Okufakiwe Nokungafakiwe
Isici | Kufakwe ku-NSF/ANSI 61 | Akufakiwe |
Izinto ezixhumana namanzi okuphuza | Imikhawulo yokungcola okungangeneka ezintweni zokuxhumana eziqanjiwe eziqinisekisiwe ku-NSF/ANSI 61 | Amandla esakhiwo kanye nezinga lokucindezela kwethangi |
Ama-coating, ama-lining, ama-gasket, ama-sealant | Ukuhlolwa kwemiphumela yezempilo yefomula ethile emanzi | Ubukhulu befilimu ye-coating, ukunamathela kanye nempilo yokusebenza |
Ama-elastomer kanye nezingxenye zangaphakathi | Umnikelo wokungcola ovela kumakhompiyutha asohlwini | Ukushisela, ukubhawuda kanye nokuziphatha kwe-hydraulic kwesakhiwo |
Ubunikazi bomkhiqizo | Umkhiqizo oqanjiwe kanye nokwakheka ngaphansi kwesitifiketi samanje | Uhla oluphelele lwemikhiqizo yomkhiqizi |
Izinga Lobufakazi Besitifiketi: Okufanele Kucelwe
Into yobufakazi | Lokho okukubonisayo | Ukuqinisekisa |
Isitifiketi samanje esinenombolo nezinsuku | Umkhiqizo oqondile ufakwe ohlwini futhi uyasebenza | Irekhodi lokufakwa kuhlu kombutho okhiphayo |
Igama lomkhiqizo nokwakheka kwawo | Into elethiwe iyahambisana nento eqinisekisiwe | Qhathanisa nebhili yezinto zokwakha |
Ukuhlonza iqoqo noma umkhiqizo | Iqoqo elilethiwe lihambisana nomkhiqizo oqinisekisiwe | Irekodi yesigayo noma yeqoqo |
Ububanzi nanoma yimiphi imibandela | Lokho okuhlanganiswa uhlu kanye nemikhawulo yako | Umbhalo wesitifiketi |
Ukuqinisekiswa komgwamanda wokufaka ohlwini | Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ingxenye yesithathu eyaziwayo | Ububanzi bokugunyazwa komgwamanda |
Inkomba yephrojekthi
Irekhodi lesethenjwa sephrojekthi libika ukufakwa kwamanzi okuphuza eThailand elinomthamo wokugcina uwonke ongu-1165 m3, elaqedwa ngo-2025 (izinga lokufanisa B). Isisekelo ukusebenza kwamanzi okuphuza okunesicaciso sokuqokwa esirekhodiwe; irekhodi alisho isitifiketi se-NSF/ANSI 61, ngakho-ke isethenjwa sisekela ingxoxo yezinto zokuxhumana kuphela. Ubukhulu buchaziwe erekhodini yomthombo futhi bushicilelwe njengoba kurekhodiwe. Lesi sethenjwa sinikezwa ngenxa yobukhulu kanye nohlobo lokwakha okusebenzayo, hhayi njengobufakazi besitifiketi, ngoba asikho isitatimende sesitifiketi esirekhodiwe.
Indawo | Insizakalo | Umthamo Wokugcina Uphelele | Unyaka |
Thailand | Amanzi okuphuza | 1165 m3 umthamo wokugcina uphelele | 2025 |
Mayelana ne-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd.) iklama futhi yakha amathangi okugcina insimbi eboliwe, amathangi ensimbi ashiselwe, amathangi e-epoxy ahlanganiswe ngokuncibilika, amathangi e-galvanized, izitsha zensimbi engagqwali, izitsha zengcindezi, uphahla lwedome le-aluminium geodesic kanye nophahla oluntantayo. Inkampani inolwazi lokukhiqiza olungaphezu kweminyaka engu-30 futhi isihlinzeke ngemishini kumaphrojekthi emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Uphahla lwedome le-aluminium geodesic luklanywa futhi lwakhiwe ngokwe-API 650 Appendix G, AWWA D108, i-Aluminum Design Manual, i-ASCE 7 kanye ne-IBC, futhi inkampani yathuthukisa futhi yathumela uphahla lwedome le-aluminium olungububanzi obungu-72 m ngo-2023. Ubunjiniyela, ukwakhiwa, ukugcotshwa, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nensizakalo yasendaweni kusingathwa njengomsebenzi owodwa, yingakho imidwebo, isisekelo sokubala kanye nezingxenyekazi ezilethiwe kungahlanganiswa komunye nomunye.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Yini egunyazwa yi-NSF/ANSI 61?
I-NSF/ANSI 61 iqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezithile zokuxhumana, ezihlolwe yinhlangano yangaphandle, azifaki ukungcola emanzini okuphuza ngaphezu kwemikhawulo yemiphumela yezempilo yaleli zinga. Kuwukugunyazwa kwezinga lomkhiqizo: i-coating eqanjiwe, i-gasket, i-sealant noma ukwakheka kwensimbi kufakwe ohlwini, nesitifiketi kanye nebanga elivumelekile. Ukugunyazwa akudluleli ethangini njengokuhlanganiswa, futhi akubandakanyi amandla esakhiwo, ukuqina kwe-coating noma ukusebenza kwe-hydraulic. Uma uthembela kukho, uthembela ohlwini lomkhiqizo oqanjiwe, ngakho-ke incazelo kufanele ibhekisele ezintweni zokuxhumana eziqinisekiswe yi-NSF/ANSI 61 ngomkhiqizo, hhayi isimangalo esijwayelekile mayelana nethangi.
Ingabe i-NSF/ANSI 61 igunyaza ithangi noma i-coating?
Ivuma into yokuxhumana eqanjiwe, hhayi ithangi elihlanganisiwe kanye nokumboza njengohlobo olujwayelekile. Ukumboza okuhlolwe ngaphansi kwe-NSF/ANSI 61 kufakwa ohlwini lwefomula ethile nokusetshenziswa okuthile; ifomula ehlukile iwumkhiqizo ohlukile futhi idinga ukufakwa kwayo ohlwini. Uqweqwe lwethangi, isisekelo kanye nomsebenzi wangaphandle kungaphandle kwesilinganiso ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke isitatimende esilungile ukuthi indawo emanzi ithwala izinto zokuxhumana eziqinisekisiwe nge-NSF/ANSI 61, hhayi ukuthi ithangi liyinto evunyiwe. Ukugunyazwa kuncane futhi kugxile kumkhiqizo ngokomklamo.
Yiziphi izingxenye zethangi lamanzi okumele ziqinisekiswe yi-NSF?
Yonke ingxenye esendleleni yamanzi aphuzwayo: ugobolondo lwangaphakathi nanoma yiluphi ugqinsi olunamathelayo, indawo yokuxhumana yophahla naphansi, ama-gasket neziqinisa-zindawo ezihlanganyelayo nasemibhobho, kanye namapayipi angaphakathi, ama-valve nezingxenye zokuxhuma. Ukuhlolwa kumayelana nokuxhumana - uma amanzi efinyelela kukho, kusemkhakheni. Ama-coating angaphandle, isisekelo, izitebhisi zangaphandle nanoma yini engakaze ithinte amanzi akukho emkhakheni. Yakha uhlu lwezinto ezidingekayo kusukela endleleni emanzi futhi udinge izinto zokuxhumana eziqinisekisiwe ku-NSF/ANSI 61 entweni ngayinye, uthatha i-coating, i-gasket nesiqinisa-zindawo njengezitifiketi ezihlukene esikhundleni sokucabanga okukodwa.
Ingabe inkampani iqinisekisiwe yi-NSF noma umkhiqizo?
Kungumkhiqizo. Isitifiketi sinamathela entweni ephathekayo noma ingxenye ebizwa ngegama, efakwe ohlwini yinhlangano yangaphandle enenombolo yesitifiketi nesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi sivuselelwa ngaphansi kokuqapha. Umkhiqizi angaba nokufakwa ohlwini kwemikhiqizo eminingi enjalo, kodwa akukho kulokho okufaka umkhiqizo ongabizwanga ngegama. Incwadi ethi inkampani 'inestifiketi' ayibona ubufakazi banoma yisiphi isitsha esithile. Umbuzo okufanele ubuzwe ukuthi ingabe into eqondile yokuxhumana kulesi sitsha ifakiwe ohlwini, nesitifiketi sayo samanje kanye nobubanzi baso, ngoba ukufakwa ohlwini kuphela yikho okunikezwa yizinga ngempela.
Ingabe i-NSF/ANSI 61 iqinisekisa ukuqina kwe-coating?
Cha. Izinga lihlola imiphumela yezempilo kuphela - lokho okungase kukhiphele emanzini isikhathi eside kusetshenziswa into emanzi - futhi alibeki mfuneko yobukhulu befilimu, ukunamathela, ukumelana nokuhuzuka noma isikhathi sokusebenza. I-coating ingaba yinto yokuxhumana eqinisekisiwe ku-NSF/ANSI 61 futhi isadinga incazelo ehlukile yokuqina ehambisana nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali emanzini kanye nemvelo. Ukuphila kwe-coating kuvela ekukhethweni kohlelo lwe-coating kanye nezinga lokusetshenziswa, hhayi kulesi izinga lemiphumela yezempilo. Uma ucacisa, gcina isigatshana sokuqinisekisa kanye nesigatshana sokusebenza kwe-coating kuhlukene, futhi udinge kokubili esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi esisodwa sihlanganisa esinye.
Yibuphi ubufakazi besitifiketi okufanele umhlinzeki abunikeze?
Isitifiketi samanje esibiza umkhiqizo oqondile, ukwakheka, inombolo yesitifiketi kanye nezinsuku zokusebenza, esikhishwe yinhlangano ezimele egunyaziwe, kanye nobubanzi bokufakwa ohlwini kanye nanoma yimiphi imibandela. Dinga eyodwa yayo yonke ingxenye emanzi, hhayi kuphela igobolondo: ingaphakathi eliqinile, ama-gasket, isivalo sokuvimbela kanye nezingxenye zangaphakathi. Cela ukuhlonzwa kweqoqo noma kokukhiqiza okuxhumanisa impahla elethiwe nomkhiqizo oqinisekisiwe, nokuthi ukufakwa ohlwini kungahlolwa kuphi. Isimangalo sokuhambisana esifana nokuthi 'kuhlangabezana ne-NSF/ANSI 61' akusikho ukufakwa ohlwini; idokhumenti enengqondo ibiza umkhiqizo ngaphansi kwesilinganiso.
Ingabe isiphathimandla samanzi sasendaweni kufanele samukele isitifiketi?
Yebo ngokuvamile kokuxhumana namanzi okuphuzwayo, ngoba i-NSF/ANSI 61 ibhekiselwa kuyo kabanzi, kodwa ukwamukelwa akwenzeki ngokuzenzakalelayo kuyo yonke indawo. Isiphathimandla sendawo noma unjiniyela ogunyazayo usebenzisa izinga kumsebenzi futhi angase abeke izidingo ezengeziwe noma akhawulele ukuthi yiziphi izinhlangano zokufaka ohlwini eziyaziyo. Qinisekisa kusenesikhathi ukuthi yikuphi ukufaka ohlwini isiphathimandla esizokwamukela nokuthi ingabe umkhiqizo oqondile usemkhakheni, futhi wakhe lokho esicacisweni ngaphambi kokuthenga. Izinga libeka indinganiso yemiphumela yezempilo; isiphathimandla sinquma ukuthi ingabe isitifiketi esiphambi kwakho siyanelisa ukufakwa, futhi isinqumo saso yisona esibalulekile ekugunyazweni.
Ingabe ithangi lingaba nesitifiketi se-NSF kodwa lingehluleka ekusetshenzisweni?
Yebo. Ithangi elinezinto zokuxhumana eziqinisekisiwe nge-NSF/ANSI 61 lihlangabezana nombuzo wezempilo kuphela. Lisehluleka ngokwesakhiwo uma izinga lokwakha noma umklamo wesakhiwo ungalungile, lingehluleka ngokulahlekelwa uqwembe uma incazelo yokusebenza ingekho, futhi lingehluleka ngokomfutho wamanzi uma izinsiza zilinganiswe kabi. Ukuqinisekiswa kungenye yezidingo ezimbalwa ezizimele, futhi akuthathi indawo yezinga lokwakha, isisekelo sesakhiwo noma isigatshana sokusebenza koqwembe. Ithangi lamukeleka kuphela lapho isidingo ngasinye sihlangatshezwa nobufakazi baso; ukuqinisekiswa kuphendula izinga lamanzi futhi akukho okunye.
Isiphetho
I-NSF/ANSI 61 iphendula umbuzo omncane kodwa obalulekile ekucaciseni kwethangi lamanzi okuphuza: ingabe izinto ezithinta amanzi ziwagcina ephephile ukuphuza? Lokhu ikwenza ngokuhlola imiphumela yezempilo yezinto zokuxhumana eziqanjiwe, futhi ngamabomu ishiya ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, ukuqina kwekhodi kanye nokuziphatha kwamanzi kweminye imigomo. Ukugcina leyo mibuzo ezigabeni ezihlukene yikho okwenza ukucaciswa kuhlolwe futhi ithangi lamukeleke.
Ukuqeqeshwa okusebenzayo ukuthatha isitifiketi njengesibopho somkhiqizo ngamunye. Funa izinto zokuxhumana ezinesitifiketi se-NSF/ANSI 61 kuzo zonke izingxenye ezisendleleni yamanzi, cela izitifiketi zamanje ezisho ngqo umkhiqizo nokwakheka kwawo, futhi uqinisekise nesiphathimandla samanzi ukuthi ukufakwa ohlwini kuzokwamukelwa ngaphambi kokuba uthenge. Sithumele umsebenzi, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali amanzi kanye nekhodi elawulayo, futhi sizokubuyisela incazelo ecacile ebeka imfuneko yesitifiketi endaweni efanele futhi iyixhumanise namadokhumenti umhloli azowahlola ngempela.
Khuluma Nethimba Lethu Lobunjiniyela
Thumela umsebenzi, isisekelo somthamo, ikhodi elawulayo kanye nemikhawulo yesiza, futhi ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lizobuya nencazelo yokucaciswa umhlinzeki angayikhokhisa futhi umhloli angayigunyaza. Sizokutshela futhi ngokucacile lapho uhlobo oluhlukile lwethangi noma umkhakha ohlukile kuyimpendulo engcono.
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