Ithangi Lokwehlisa Izinga Elibalulekile: Izidingo Zesikhathi Sokusebenza Kusukela ku-Tier III kuya ku-Tier IV
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Ithangi Lokupholisa Elibalulekile Emsebenzini: Izidingo Zesikhathi Sokusebenza Kusukela ku-Tier III kuya ku-Tier IV
Ithangi lokupholisa elibalulekile emsebenzini lihlolwa yimibuzo emibili ehlukene. Eyokuqala ukuthi ukupholisa kuyaqhubeka yini lapho noma iyiphi ingxenye eyodwa ikhishwa emsebenzini, okuwukugcinwa okuhambisanayo okulindelekile ku-Tier III. Eyesibili ukuthi ithangi ngokwalo lingahlukaniswa yini, lihlolwe futhi lilungiswe ngenkathi umthwalo usasebenza, okuvame ukuba yilapho umklamo wehluleka khona. Phendula yomibili ngokuhlukanisa isitolo sibe izingxenye ezingagcinwa, unikeze ama-valve okuhlukanisa afinyeleleka ngaphandle kokungena embonini, futhi ucacise ukuphakama komgwaqo womuntu, ukufinyelela ophahleni kanye ne-cladding ukuze ukuhlolwa onyakeni wesishiyagalombili kube umsebenzi ohleliwe. Usayizi wethangi ulandela umgomo wokutholakala.
Izinhloso zokutholakala emkhakheni wedatha zicashunwa ngezigaba, futhi inombolo yesigaba ivamise ukusetshenziswa endleleni yamandla kuqala. Indlela yokupholisa ibanjwa ngezinga elifanayo empilweni, ngoba igumbi elingenamanzi abandayo linomphumela ofanayo negumbi elingenamandla. Lokho kwenza ithangi lokugcina libe yingxenye enesidingo sokuthembeka, hhayi isitsha esihlala sithule ngemuva kwesikhungo.
Izidingo ezimbili ziyalandela, futhi azifani. Isikhungo se-Tier III kufanele siqhubeke sisebenza umthwalo ngenkathi noma iyiphi ingxenye yokupholisa eyodwa ingasebenzi ukuze ilungiswe, okuholela ezindleleni ezihambisanayo nasekuhlukaniseni. Isikhungo se-Tier IV siya phambili futhi kufanele simelane nokwehluleka okukodwa okungahleliwe futhi sibuyisele isevisi ngaphandle kokuthi umthwalo uthinteke. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo ithangi kufanele libe yingxenye yempendulo kunokuba libe yisihloko esingafakwanga.
Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi ukugcinwa okuhambisanayo kusho ukuthini esitolo samanzi abandayo, ukuthi umkhumbi uhlelwa kanjani ukuze kusetshenzwe kuwo ngenkathi usasebenza, yikuphi ukufinyelela nemininingwane yokumboza enquma ukuthi lokho kuyenzeka yini, nokuthi yibuphi ubufakazi okufanele bufunwe ngesikhathi sokuqaliswa.
Ukuthi ukugcinwa okuhambisanayo kudingani endleleni yokupholisa
Umqondo uqondile. Indlela iyagcinwa uma ukususa noma iyiphi ingxenye eyodwa kungaphazamisi umthwalo, futhi iyagcinwa ngokuhambisanayo uma lokho kususwa kwenzeka ngamahora okusebenza ajwayelekile ngaphandle kwezinqubo eziphuthumayo.
Imfuneko | I-Tier III | I-Tier IV |
Khipha ingxenye eyodwa yokupholisa ukuze ilungiswe | Umthwalo awuthinteki | Umthwalo awuthinteki |
Khipha indlela yonke yokupholisa | Umthwalo awuthinteki | Umthwalo awuthinteki, ukululama ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka |
Ukushintshwa kwengxenye ngenkathi isebenza | Kuvunyelwe lapho kukhona izinqubo | Kuvunyelwe futhi kuhlelwe |
Ubufakazi | Amarekhodi abhaliwe okuhlukanisa nokuhlola | Ukuhlukaniswa okubhaliwe, kanye nokuzivocavoca kokululama |
Uma kusetshenziswa embonini yamanzi abandayo, imiphumela iyajwayeleka: hlukanisa amaphampu okusabalalisa, hlukanisa ama-chiller, gcina amalophu amanzi e-condenser ehlukene, futhi unikeze indlela ngayinye ama-valve ayo. Okungavamile ukucaciswa ithangi. Isitolo esisodwa esikhulu siyingxenye eyodwa kulolo hlu, futhi uma indlela okuwukuphela kwayo yokuyihlola iwukuwisa isitshalo, indlela yokupholisa ayinakulungiseka ngasikhathi sinye noma ngabe umklamo wamandla uthini.
Yingakho ukuhlelwa komkhumbi kubalulekile njengokuhlelwa kwesistimu: izingxenye ezimbili zinikeza isethi yokusebenza ngenkathi enye ihlukanisiwe, futhi isitolo esisodwa esine-bypass egcwele sinikeza impendulo ebuthakathaka.
Lapho ithangi lishintsha izibalo zokutholakala
Isitoreji sishintsha umbuzo wokweqile kunokuwususa, futhi umphumela kufanele ushiwo ngokunembile.
1. Kungenzeka kudingeke amayunithi ambalwa ahambisanayo. Uma isitoreji sihlanganisa amahora ambalwa omthwalo, isiqandisi esisodwa kanye nesitoreji kungahlangabezana nomsebenzi obekuzodingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe imishini emibili, okunciphisa inani lezingxenye okufanele zigcinwe zisesimweni esihle.
2. Umsebenzi uyadluliswa kunokuba uphindwe kabili. Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kweyunithi eyodwa, isitshalo esisele kanye nesitoreji sithwala umthwalo, ngakho-ke ukulinganisa ubukhulu kufanele kwenziwe njengendaba yokulungisa, hhayi indaba yezinga eliphezulu.
3. Isitoreji ngakho-ke sidinga ukugcinwa kwaso okuhle. Umqondo ohlukanise iziqandisi kufanele uhlukanise ithangi, noma ukuncipha kwenani lezingxenye kubuyiselwa ngomkhumbi omkhulu owodwa ongasetshenzwa kuphela ngemuva kokumiswa.
4. Indawo egciniwe kufanele ichazwe. Isitoreji esabiwe phakathi komsebenzi nokugcinwa kufanele sibe nezinga elisalelayo elicacile, noma indaba yokulungisa idla indawo egciniwe ngokuthula.
Iphuzu lesithathu yilona elivela ekubuyekezweni sekwephuzile. Ithangi elilodwa ligcwalisa isitshalo, ama-nozzle alo angaphakathi kwegalari yamapayipi, futhi indlela yalo yokungena ingamamitha amabili ngaphezu kwendawo yokusebenza, ngakho konke ukuhlolwa kuba yinto yokuvalwa.
Ukuhlela umkhumbi ukuze kusetshenziswe kuwo ngesikhathi sokusebenza
Izinqumo ezintathu zokuklama zinquma ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka yini.
5. Izingxenye. Izitolo ezimbili, noma ithangi elilodwa elihlukaniswe nge-baffle elinezinto zokungena nokuphuma ezizimele, zivumela uhlangothi olulodwa ukuthi lihlukaniswe ngenkathi olunye luqhubeka nokuphakela. Ukuhlukaniswa kwenziwa ngamavalvu, futhi amavalvu kufanele asebenzeke kusukela endaweni yokusebenza.
6. Ukuhlukaniswa ngaphandle kokungena. Iziqu zamavalvu, izindlela zokudlula kanye nokuxhumana kokukhipha amanzi kufanele kube ngaphandle kwe-insulation futhi endaweni efinyeleleka kalula. Imizimba yamavalvu e-insulated eneziqu ezicashile iyimbangela enkulu yokuthi ithangi lingakwazi ukunakekelwa ngempumelelo.
7. Ukufinyelela komuntu noma ikhamera. Izindlela zokungena ezilinganiswe ukungena, noma imbobo yekhamera, kanye nezitebhisi noma ipulatifomu ehlala njalo, kunquma ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke kuthatha intambama noma iviki.
Uphahla ludinga ukunakwa okwehlukile. Ukufinyelela phezulu ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi wokukhipha umoya, wokufafaza noma wama-nozzle kufanele kube ngezitebhisi noma ngepulatifomu ehlala njalo esikhundleni sesitebhisi esiphathwayo, futhi isakhiwo sophahla sithwala umthwalo wokuhlola ngaphandle kokungena ehholo.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Into | Imfuneko | Kungani kuhlotshaniswa nesikhathi sokusebenza |
Ukuhlelwa kwesitoreji | Izingxenye ezimbili noma amathangi amabili | Kwenza uhlangothi olulodwa luhlukaniseke kuyilapho olunye luhlinzeka |
Ama-valve okuhlukanisa | Ngaphandle kwe-insulation, ekuphakameni okufinyeleleka kalula | Ivumela ithangi ukuthi lisebenze ngaphandle kokuvalwa |
Umnyango wokungena | Kulinganiswe ukungena noma imbobo yekhamera | Ibeka isikhathi sokuhlola esingagcinwa |
Ukufinyelela | Izitebhisi ezihlala njalo noma ipulatifomu eya ophahleni nakuma-nozzle | Kususa umsebenzi wesitebhisi esiphathwayo ohlelweni |
Uhlelo lophahla | Idome ye-aluminium, ukufakwa kwebha yamabha, AWWA D108, API 650, ADM 2015, ASCE 7-10, IBC 2012 | Kugcina umsebenzi wophahla lungenalwazi ohlwini olubalulekile lokulungisa |
Izinga lensalela | Kuchazwe umgcinimafa wokulungisa | Kuvimbela ukudonsa kokulungisa ekudleni isitolo esiphuthumayo |
Ikesi Lomsebenzi
Nakuba amaphrojekthi ethu ayisithenjwa ezinikeziwe emkhakheni wamanzi namanzi angcolile ahlanganisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi angcolile kamasipala, ububanzi be-TES besikhungo sedatha benziwa ngamazinga afanayo. Isibonelo esisodwa esifanele ukufakwa kwamanzi angcolile kamasipala eSaudi Arabia nase-United Arab Emirates.
Into | Imininingwane |
Iphrojekthi | Saudi Arabia — amanzi angcolile kamasipala; United Arab Emirates — amanzi angcolile kamasipala |
Umkhiqizo | 01 GFS ene-06 aluminium dome roof system |
Umthamo | 11,020 m3, amayunithi angu-5 phi 24.06 m x 4.85 m |
Ubukhulu | phi 24.06 m x 4.85 m, amayunithi angu-5 |
Ukuqedwa | 2023 kuya ku-2026 |
Amathangi aphansi, anobubanzi obukhulu anombhoshongo we-aluminium anomqondo ofanayo wokulungiselela. Uhlelo lwophahla aludingi ukupendwa ensimini, ngakho umsebenzi wangaphandle obungathatha isikhathi sokulungisa awukho, futhi igobolondo eliboshiwe lihlolwa ngezinga ngezinga. Ukuletha le geometri kumathangi amaningi esizeni esisodwa kubuye kwafakazela ukuhlelwa kwama-nozzle nokufinyelela okwasetshenziswa kamuva ethangini lokupholisa elibalulekile.
Amandla Obunjiniyela be-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngamabhawudi kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi idizayini ibhekisela ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Ukulungiselela kwesitolo
· Idizayini ebalulekile emsebenzini ithatha isitolo njengempahla egcinwayo: kufanele ikwazi ukukhiwa amanzi, ihlolwe futhi ishintshwe ingxenye nengxenye ngaphandle kokukhipha ihholo endleleni yalo ekabili.
· Ukwakhiwa okuboshwe ngamabhawodi ngezembozo ezi-enamela noma ze-aluminium, futhi ngokuzikhethela uphahla lwedome le-aluminium ukuze phezulu luvaleke futhi lungavumi imvula, kusekela leyo mfuneko yokunakekela.
· Uhlelo lukamasipala waseSaudi lwamathangi ayisihlanu e-aluminium-dome angu-φ24.06 m ku-11,020 m³, olwaqedwa ngo-2023-12, luyisibonelo samathangi anakekelwayo emsebenzini wamanzi obalulekile.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Ingabe isikhungo se-Tier III sidinga ithangi elinamakamelo amabili?
Impendulo 1: Hatshi ngencazelo ye-tier, kodwa ngenqubo yalo yokunakekela. Ithangi elilodwa elingahlolwa kuphela ngemva kokumiswa komsebenzi libuyisela isikhathi sokuphazamiseka okuhloswe yileli tier ukusikhipha.
Umbuzo 2: Ingabe ithangi elilodwa elikhulu lingashintsha ama-chiller ayimfucuza?
Impendulo 2: Ngokwengxenye. Isitoreji sinciphisa umthwalo owenziwa umshini, ngakho kungase kudingeke amayunithi ambalwa, kodwa indaba yokulungisa kufanele isabalwe ngesethi encishisiwe.
Umbuzo 3: Ibekwa kanjani izinga lokugcina lokulungisa?
Impendulo 3: Ngokusebenzisa isimo sokulungisa: umthwalo okufanele uthwalwe ngesikhathi ingxenye eyodwa ihlukanisiwe, kanye nesikhala somcimbi wesibili. Lelo volumu liba yizinga eliphansi lensalela.
Umbuzo 4: Ingabe idome ye-aluminium ifanele ukucaciswa esitolo esibandayo?
A4: Isusa uphahla kurejista yokupenda futhi inikeza isiqongo esilula, esiqinile okulula ukuhamba kuso ukuze kuhlolwe, inqobo nje uma uhlelo lokulungisa lulandela isisekelo somklamo ofanele.
Q5: Who verifies concurrent maintainability?
A5: Umnikazi, ngesikhathi sokuqalisa, ngokubheka ukuhlukaniswa nokubuyiselwa ngakunye nokugcina amarekhodi. Umklamo ongakaze uboniswe uyisimangalo, hhayi umphumela.
Q6: Ingabe isitoreji sisiza umgomo we-Tier IV ngqo?
A6: Sisiza ekubuyiseleni, lapho isitshalo kufanele sibuyisele umthwalo ngaphandle kokuphuma. Asikwazi ngokwaso ukususa isidingo sendlela yesibili.
Inombolo yesigaba esisetshenziswa ethangini lokupholisa elibalulekile emsebenzini incike ezinhlolweni ezimbili: ingabe ikhona ingxenye eyodwa engasuswa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umthwalo, futhi ingabe ithangi ngokwalo lingasuswa, lihlolwe futhi libuyiselwe ngenkathi umthwalo usasebenza. Ukuhlola kokuqala umbuzo wamapayipi nama-valve. Ukuhlola kwesibili umbuzo wokuhlelwa komkhumbi, ophendulwa yizigaba, ama-valve afinyeleleka, ukufinyelela kwangempela, nophahla olungadali umsebenzi.
Cacisa lezo zinto kanye nethangi, hhayi ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kabusha: ukuphakama komgwaqo womuntu, ukufinyelela kwe-nozzle nokubekwa kwepulatifomu kunqunywa ngaphambi kokuba kusikwe icwecwe lokuqala.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela inhloso yakho yesigaba, umthwalo wokupholisa kanye nebhendi yawo ebekezelelwayo, kanye newindi lokulungisa ongalivumela unyaka ngamunye. Sizobuyisela ukuhlelwa kwethangi elihlukanisiwe, izidingo zokuhlukanisa nokufinyelela kwesimo ngasinye sokulungiseka, izinga lensalela lomgcinimafa wokulungisa, kanye nephepha lokucacisa elinesisekelo sokuklama kophahla nedome.
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