Ithangi Lamanzi Okwengeza Elinamathangi Amabili Ahambisanayo Ukuze Kube Nokwethembeka Ezikhungweni Zedatha
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Ukungabi nokwethembeka Okuhambisanayo KweThangi Lamanzi Okwengeziwe Lezikhungo Zedatha
Ukungabi nokwethembeka kwethangi lamanzi okwengeziwe kuyisinqumo sokuthembeka, hhayi esomthamo: ukuhambisana, umsebenzi/standby kanye nomthamo ohlukanisiwe ngakunye kuvikela ekuhlulekeni okuhlukene, futhi amathangi ahambisanayo asiza kuphela uma i-header yawo, ukugcwalisa, ipompo kanye nezilawuli zazo zizimele. Ubufakazi be-Uptime Institute Tier obufunwa umcwaningi mabhuku uhlu lwephoyinti elilodwa lokuhluleka kanye nokunciphisa ngakunye, hhayi ithangi lesibili elihlezi ngemuva kwe-valve eyabiwe.
Isingeniso
Ithangi lamanzi okugcwalisa umkhumbi liyimpahla yokuthembeka kusenesikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba libe yimpahla yomthamo. Umbuzo wokuthi kufanele kufakwe amathangi amabili ngokulingana, kugcinwe elilodwa njengelilindile, noma kuhlukaniswe umthamo odingekayo phakathi kwamaningi unqunywa yilokho okufanele uqhubeke kusebenza lapho kwehluleka ithangi, iphampu noma iheda — hhayi ukuthi zingaki amamitha ekhubhu umjikelezo wokupholisa owudingayo ngosuku. Ukuthatha ukusebenza kabusha njengombuzo womthamo kuholela ethangini elilodwa elikhulu elingenakho ukubuyela emuva lapho likhishwa ekusebenzeni.
Le ndatshana ithatha i-topology yokungafani njengesinqumo sayo sokuklama sokugcina kwedatha yesitoreji sokwakha idatha. Ichaza ama-topology amathathu avamile, izindlela zokwehluleka ngayinye eletha kuzo, iphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka amathangi ahambisanayo angalidala ngokuthula, umqondo wokushintsha nokunakekela owenza ukungafani kube ngokoqobo, kanye nobufakazi i-Uptime Institute Tier Standard elindele umhloli ukuba abubone. Iphinde isebenzise i-NFPA 22 lapho indawo yokugcina umlilo isemkhakheni ofanayo kanye ne-ASHRAE Handbook ngomsebenzi wokwakha ngokwawo.
Kungani i-topology yokusebenza kabusha iyisinqumo esihlukile kumthamo
Umthamo odingekayo wokugcwalisa umkhumbi unqunywa ukulingana kwamanzi kanye nokuzimela okudingwa isiza, futhi leyo nombolo iyafana noma ngabe wakha ithangi elilodwa noma amane. Ukusebenza kabusha umbuzo ohlukile wokuthi ingqikithi ihlelwe kanjani ukuze ukwehluleka kwento eyodwa kungasusi umsebenzi wokugcwalisa umkhumbi. Ukuhlanganisa lezi zinto ezimbili kukhiqiza ithangi elilodwa elilinganiswe ngomthamo kodwa elinganikezi ndlela yokubuyela emuva, noma amathangi amabili abelana ngeheda elilodwa ngakho-ke abelana ngokwehluleka okukodwa.
Isiyalo ukuthi kalinganiswe kuqala bese kuhlelwa. Uma umthamo osebenzisekayo usunqunyiwe, umbuzo wokuhlelwa kwesakhiwo uba ngowokuthi: uma ngilahlekelwa yithangi elilodwa, noma ipayipi elilodwa, iphampu noma isilawuli esisodwa, ingabe umjikelezo wokupholisa usengakwazi ukwakhiwa kabusha? Impendulo incike ekuhlelweni kwemikhumbi kanye, ngokulinganayo, ekuhlelweni kwakho konke okuyifaka nokuyikhipha. Isikhungo sedatha esivele simemezele umgomo weTier sesivele siphendule ingxenye yalokhu, ngoba izinga leTier linquma ukuthi kungakanani ukugcinwa okuhambisanayo noma ukubekezelela amaphutha okumele kukhombiswe umklamo.
Izindlela ezintathu zokuhleleka: ukuhambisana, umsebenzi/ukulinda nokuhlukaniswa komthamo
Okuhambisanayo kusho amathangi amabili noma ngaphezulu alinganayo axhunywe ukuze noma yiliphi kuwona likwazi ukusebenza; ukulahlekelwa yilinye kushiya amanye ethwala umthwalo, futhi ukuhlelwa kungu-N+1 enanini lamathangi. I-Duty/standby igcina ithangi elilodwa lisebenza kanti elinye ligciniwe, ngakho-ke eligciniwe ngokuvamile alisebenzi futhi lithatha izintambo lapho kwehluleka eliyinhloko; livikela ekwehlulekeni okucacile kweliyinhloko kodwa ligxilisa ukudonswa kwansuku zonke nomthwalo wokuhlola emkhunjini owodwa. I-Split capacity ihlukanisa umthamo odingekayo phakathi kwamathangi amancane ambalwa, akukho nelilodwa kuwona eliphethe yonke indawo yokugcina iyodwa.
Lezi zintathu azikho ezingqubuzanayo ekusebenzeni. Isiza singasebenzisa amathangi omsebenzi ahambisanayo anesabelo esihlukanisiwe, noma ipheya lomsebenzi/elindile elihlukanisiwe ngokwalo. Okubalulekile ukuthi i-topology ngayinye iphendula ukwehluleka okuhlukile: ukuhambisana kuphendula ukulahlekelwa ithangi ngenxa yesondlo, umsebenzi/olindile kuphendula ukulahlekelwa ithangi elisebenzayo, futhi umthamo ohlukanisiwe uphendula ukulahlekelwa okuyinhlekelele kwesitsha esisodwa ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho sitsha esisodwa esiphethe yonke indawo yokugcina. Ukukhetha kuqhutshwa ukwehluleka okudinga kakhulu ukusinda kukho, hhayi umkhuba.
Izindlela zokwehluleka zetopology ngayinye
Amathangi ahambisanayo ehluleka ngezinto zawo ezivamile: isihloko sokudonsa esabiwe esinevalvu eyodwa yokuvimba, umugqa owodwa wokugcwalisa, noma isilawuli esisodwa sezinga lawo womabili amathangi konke lokhu kwehlula ukusebenza kabusha komkhumbi. Indlela yokwehluleka akuwona ugobolondo lwethangi kodwa into wonke amathangi encike kuyo. Umsebenzi/ukulinda kwehluleka ngendlela ehlukile — okulindile kungaba nephutha ngenkathi kungasebenzi, ivalvu ingashiywa ivaliwe ngemva kwesondlo, noma ukushintsha kungaba kwesandla futhi kube yisikhathi, ngakho okokuqala kwehluleka ngaphambi kokuba okulindile kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kuyasebenza.
Imodi yokwehluleka yomthamo ohlukanisiwe iyingqikithi yezingxenye eziningi: izisekelo eziningi, izindlu ezingaphezulu, ama-nozzle amaningi, ngayinye ingaba ukuvuza okungenzeka, kodwa akukho eyodwa esusa yonke indawo egciniwe. Ubuthakathaka bayo ukuxhumanisa — uma ukuhlukaniswa kungenawo ama-valve ukuze noma iyiphi ingxenye ikwazi ukuhlukaniswa, iphutha kwelinye lingakhipha noma lingcolise ezinye. Ukuqhathanisa okuqotho akukhona ukuthi iyiphi i-topology enezingxenye ezimbalwa kodwa ukuthi imodi yokwehluleka evelele yaleyo topology ungayinciphisa kanjani ngezindleko eziphansi, futhi lokho kuncike emapayipini esiza, ukulawula kanye nesiko lokunakekela.
Indawo eyodwa yokwehluleka amathangi ahambisanayo angayidala
Amathangi ahambisanayo i-topology evame ukucatshangwa ukuthi inokungafuneki futhi evame ukutholakala ingenakho, ngoba ukungafuneki kuhlala emikhunjini kanti iphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka lihlala kulokho okuxhumanisa. I-header yokudonsa eyodwa esebenzela womabili amathangi ene-valve eyodwa yokuhlukanisa isho ukuthi ukuvala leyo valve, noma ukwehluleka kuleyo header, kumisa womabili. Ukugcwaliswa kukamasipala okukodwa okungenayo eminye imthombo kusho ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kokuhlinzeka kukhipha womabili kungakhathaliseki ukuthi mangaki amathangi akhona. I-loop eyodwa yezinga kanye nezinga lokushisa ephehla uhlelo lokuphatha isakhiwo isho ukuthi iphutha lokulawula lingakhipha noma ligcwalise ngokweqile womabili.
Ukuhlaziya okudala lokhu kuhamba ngendlela yamanzi ukusuka emthonjeni kuya endaweni yokusetshenziswa futhi kumaka yonke indawo lapho incipha khona ibe yingxenye eyodwa. Uphawu ngalunye luyiphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka, futhi ngayinye incishiswa ngokuphindwa kabili: isihloko sesibili esinokwehlukaniswa okuzimele, umthombo wokugcwalisa ohlukile, ukulawulwa kwezinga okuhlukene kwithangi ngayinye ukuze eyodwa ikhishwe emsebenzini kuyilapho enye isebenza. Amathangi ahambisanayo azuza ukungafuneki kwawo kuphela lapho lezi zinto ezivamile nazo zihambisana, yingakho isimangalo se-topology kufanele sibhalwe phansi ngomsele ngamunye, hhayi ngethangi ngalinye.
Umgomo wokushintsha nokulawula
Ukungabi nokwethembeka okuncike ekubeni umuntu akhona ukuze avule i-valve ukungabi nokwethembeka okwehluleka ngo-3 ekuseni. Umqondo wokushintsha unquma ukuthi ithangi lesibili liqala ukusebenza ngokuzenzakalela noma ngesandla, futhi uhlelo lokulawula yilona elenza ukushintsha okuzenzakalelayo kuthembeke. Ukulawula okusekelwe ezingeni kungahlehlisa umthwalo ku-standby lapho ithangi lomsebenzi lehla ngaphansi kwephoyinti elimisiwe, futhi uhlelo lokuphatha isakhiwo lungakhala futhi lidlulise uma kwenzeka iphutha lepompo noma lezinga.
Izimfuno zokulawula ukuzimela nokubonakala. Ithangi ngalinye lidinga ukulinganisa kwalo kwezinga kanye nokuxhumana kwalo okulawulwayo, ukuze ukwehluleka kwesilawuli esisodwa kungabonisi noma kubambezele esinye. Ukushintsha kufanele kungabi nengozi yokwehluleka: lapho kulahleka indlela yokuphakela eyinhloko, enye ivulwa ngaphambi kokuba iluphu yokupholisa ibone isimo sokugcwalisa okuphansi. Okokuzimisela/okulindile, okulindile kufanele kusetshenziswe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze iphutha elingasebenzi litholakale ekuhloleni okujwayelekile kunokuba kube ngesikhathi sokwehluleka kwangempela kweyokuqala. Incazelo yokulawula iyingxenye yobufakazi beTier, ngoba umcwaningi ufuna ukubona umqondo wokudlulisa, hhayi nje amathangi.
Ukunakekelwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunikezwa
Inani le-topology eyisisekelo sikhombisa ekunakekeleni, hhayi ekwehlulekeni okungavamile ukubonakala. Ukunakekela ngasikhathi sinye — ikhono lokuhlukanisa nokulungisa noma iyiphi into eyodwa ngaphandle kokuvala umthwalo obalulekile — yisidingo se-Tier III, futhi ukuhlelwa kwesitoreji sokugcwalisa kusekela lokhu kuphela uma noma yiliphi ithangi, iphampu, ivalvu noma iheda lingakhishwa emsebenzini ngenkathi ezinye ziqhubeka nomsebenzi. Lokho kusho ukuthi into ngayinye inokwahlukaniswa kwayo, futhi izinto ezisele zinamandla okumboza umthwalo.
Uhlelo lokuhlola luyisimo sokunakekela: khipha ithangi A ukuze lihlolwe ngaphakathi futhi kulungiswe ukumbozwa kwalo, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi amathangi B no-C (noma elilindile) ayawabamba amanzi okugcwalisa ngesikhathi sokuvalwa, kuhlanganise nesidingo seviki elibi kakhulu. Uma impendulo idinga ukuthi ithangi eliyinhloko lihlale lisebenza, ukwakheka akukwazi ukunakekelwa ngasikhathi sinye. Ukuhlukaniswa komthamo kuyasiza lapha ngoba akukho qobolondo elilodwa elibamba yonke indawo yokugcina, ngakho ukuhlukanisa elilodwa kusashiya umthamo odingekayo kwamanye. Uhlelo lokunakekela, kanye nezindawo zokuhlukanisa nokuhlolwa komthamo, yidokhumenti efakazela isimangalo.
Okunikezwa yindlela ngayinye njengobufakazi beTier
I-Uptime Institute Tier Standard ibeka ukusebenza kabusha (redundancy) njengokulungiselela ngesikhathi esisodwa (concurrent maintainability) (Tier III) nokubekezelela ukwehluleka (fault tolerance) (Tier IV), futhi i-topology ngayinye ikhiqiza ubufakazi obuhlukile. Izinhlelo ezihambisanayo nezihlukanisiwe zibonisa ukuthi noma yiliphi ithangi lingasuswa ukuze lilungiswe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umsebenzi, okusekela i-Tier III yokulungiselela ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukubekezelela ukwehluleka, imfuneko ye-Tier IV yokuthi uhlelo lusinde ekwehlulekeni okubi kakhulu ngaphandle kokuma, kusekelwa lapho kungekho kwehluleka okukodwa — kuhlanganise nokulahlekelwa kwegobolondo lethangi — okususa indawo yokugcina, okuyinto umthamo ohlukanisiwe obhekana nakho ngqo.
Ubufakazi umhloli ayebufuna akubona isibalo samathangi kodwa ukuhlaziya: izindawo ezisodwa zokwehluleka ezikhonjiwe, ukuncishiswa okunamathiselwe kuzo ngakunye, ukuqonda kokuhlukaniswa nokushintshwa, kanye nobufakazi bomthamo bokuthi izinto ezisele ziyawufeza umsebenzi ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Ithangi lesibili ngemuva kwekhanda elabiwewyo akubona ubufakazi beTier III, ngoba alinakulungiseka ngasikhathi sinye. I-topology kanye namapayipi nezilawuli ezikwenza lokho kubhalwe ndawonye, futhi inhloso yeTier ishiwo njengenhloso yokuklama ngobufakazi obunamathiselwe, hhayi njengelebula elikumishini.
Imigomo yokukhetha
Ukukhethwa phakathi kwama-topology kuncishiswa kwaba yiqoqo elifushane lemibandela, futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokulandelana. Shono umgomo weTier kuqala, ngoba ubeka izinga eliphansi lokugcinwa okuhambisanayo noma ukubekezelela amaphutha okufanele umklamo uwukhombise. Bese ufaka uhlu lwezingozi ezingenzeka okudingeka uziphile kakhulu — ukulahlekelwa yithangi ngenxa yokunakekelwa, ukulahlekelwa yithangi elisebenzayo, noma ukulahlekelwa okuyinhlekelele kwesikhwama esisodwa — bese uhlobanisa i-topology ngayinye nalokho. Bese uhlola indawo: isikhala, izisekelo kanye nezindleko zamathangi amaningi amancane uma kuqhathaniswa nelilodwa elikhulu.
Isinqumo sokugcina ngokuvamile siyingozi yento evamile. Uma isiza singakwazi ukunikeza umthombo owodwa wokugcwalisa noma isihloko esisodwa, amathangi ahambisanayo athenga okuncane, futhi ukuhlukanisa umthamo ngokuhlukaniswa okuzimele kungase kusebenze kangcono. Umbandela wokugcina imibhalo: noma iyiphi i-topology ekhethiwe, kufanele ikhonjiswe ipayipi ngepayipi ngokuhlaziywa kwayo kwephuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka kanye nobufakazi bayo beTier. I-topology ekhethwe ngokwevolumu kuphela, noma eqinisekiswa ngaphandle kohlu lokunciphisa, iyona ehluleka ukuhlolwa.
Ukuqhathanisa kwe-Redundancy Topology: Okukuvikelayo ngakunye, Okubizayo
I-Topology | Ivikeleka ekudluleni | Imodi yokwehluleka eyinhloko | Ukusekelwa kweTier |
Okuhambisanayo (N+1) | Ukulahlekelwa ithangi elilodwa ngenxa yesondlo noma ukulungiswa | Isihloko esabiwe, gcwalisa noma lawula | Izinga III ukugcinwa okuhambisanayo |
Umsebenzi / ukulinda | Ukwehluleka okuhlanzekile kwethangi elisebenzayo | Iphutha lokulinda okungenzi lutho, ukushintsha okunensayo | Ukugcinwa uma ukushintsha kufakazelwe |
Umthamo ohlukanisiwe | Ukulahlekelwa okuyinhlekelele kwegobolondo elilodwa | Izingxenye eziningi; ukuxhumana okungekuhle | Ukubekezelela amaphutha kwe-Tier IV |
Ithangi elilodwa | Akukho okungaphezu kobuqotho bayo | Noma yikuphi ukwehluleka kwethangi kumisa ukugcwalisa | Akukho |
Irejista Yephuzu Elilodwa Lokwehluleka: Isici, Ukwehluleka, Ukunciphisa
Isici esivamile | Ukwehluleka | Ukuncishiswa | Ubufakazi |
Isihloko sokudonsa | Ivalvu eyodwa yokuvimba imisa womabili amathangi | Isihloko esiphindwe kabili esinokwehlukaniswa okuzimele | I-P&ID ekhombisa izindlela ezihlukene |
Umthombo wokugcwalisa | Ukunikezwa kukamasipala okukodwa kuphazamisekile | Umthombo ohlukile noma isiqiwu esikhulu | Ucwaningo lomthombo nokubalwa kokuzimela |
Izinga / iluphu yokulawula | Isilawuli esisodwa sidonsa noma sivala kokubili | Ukulinganisa okuzimele kwethangi ngalinye | Incazelo yokulawula nezexwayiso |
Ukushintsha | Okwenziwa ngesandla, okunensayo noma okungaqinisekisiwe | Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okuphephile uma kuhluleka | I-logic yokudlulisa kanye nerekhodi lokuhlola |
Isisekelo / i-anchorage | Umcimbi we-seismic oqondene nesiza | Idizayini ye-Engineer-of-record ngesiza ngasinye | Isibalo sesisekelo esivaliwe |
Inkomba Yephrojekthi
Awekho umbhalo wephrojekthi ohambisanayo okhona emtatsheni wamaphrojekthi oqinisekisiwe wokwengeza amanzi angena ngokulinganayo noma ngokuhlukaniswa kwamandla ethangi lamanzi okwengeza esikhungweni sedatha, futhi akukho ncwadi yephrojekthi enikeziwe kuleli khasi. Izincomo ezingenhla zincike ekuqhathanisweni kwe-topology, ekuhlaziyweni kwephuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka, kumqondo wokushintsha nokunakekela, kanye nezinkomba ze-Uptime Institute Tier Standard, NFPA 22 kanye ne-ASHRAE Handbook. Esizeni esithile, imigomo yokukhetha kanye nobufakazi be-Tier obubekwe lapha bakha isisekelo umhloli angasihlola.
Mayelana ne-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd.) iklama futhi yakha amathangi okugcina insimbi eboliwe, amathangi ensimbi ashiselwe, amathangi e-epoxy ahlanganiswe ngokuncibilika, amathangi e-galvanized, izitsha zensimbi engagqwali, izitsha zengcindezi, uphahla lwedome le-aluminium le-geodesic kanye nophahla oluntantayo. Inkampani inolwazi lokukhiqiza olungaphezu kweminyaka engu-30 futhi isihlinzeke ngemishini kumaphrojekthi emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Uphahla lwedome le-aluminium le-geodesic luklanywa futhi lwakhiwe ngokwe-API 650 Appendix G, AWWA D108, i-Aluminum Design Manual, i-ASCE 7 kanye ne-IBC, futhi inkampani yathuthukisa futhi yathumela ngaphandle uphahla lwedome le-aluminium olungububanzi obungu-72 m ngo-2023. Ubunjiniyela, ukwakhiwa, ukugcotshwa, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nensizakalo yasendaweni kusingathwa njengomsebenzi owodwa, yingakho imidwebo, isisekelo sokubala kanye nezingxenyekazi ezilethiwe kungahlanganiswa ndawonye.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe amathangi amanzi okugcwalisa kufanele afakwe ngokuhambisana?
Ukufakwa ngokuhambisana kuyafaneleka kuphela uma izinto ezivamile zamathangi nazo zinezingxenye ezengeziwe. Amathangi amabili ngemuva kwekhanda elilodwa lokudonsa, umugqa owodwa wokugcwalisa noma isilawuli esisodwa sezinga awakona ukunikezwa okuzimele okubili, ngoba noma yiziphi kulezo zinto ezabiwe zingamisa womabili. Uma isiza singanikeza amakhanda azimele, umthombo wokugcwalisa ohlukile kanye nokulawula okuhlukene kwitangi ngayinye, amathangi ahambisanayo anikeza isivikelo sangempela se-N+1 ekutheni ithangi lingasebenzi. Uma singakwazi, ukuhlukanisa umthamo ngokuhlukaniswa okuzimele ngokuvamile kuyimpendulo engcono, futhi ithangi elilodwa elikhulu elingenakho ukubuyiselwa emuva liyimbi kakhulu.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamathangi ahambisanayo kanye namathangi omsebenzi/okulinda?
Amathangi ahambisanayo womabili avamise ukuqhubeka ekuqhubekeni futhi noma yiliphi lingasebenza umsebenzi, ngakho ukulahlekelwa elilodwa kushiya amanye ethwala umthwalo; kungu-N+1 enanini lamathangi futhi kusabalalisa ukudonswa kwansuku zonke. I-Duty/standby igcina ithangi elilodwa lisebenza futhi elinye libekiwe, ngakho ileli elibekiwe alisebenzi kuze kuhluleke eliyinhloko, okukuvikela ekuhlulekeni okumsulwa kweliyinhloko kodwa kugxilisa ukuguga nokuhlolwa emkhunjini owodwa futhi kuncike ekushintsheni okufanele kufakazelwe. Ama-topology aphendula ukuhluleka okuhlukene futhi ngezinye izikhathi ayahlanganiswa, namathangi omsebenzi ahambisanayo kanye nendawo yokugcina ehlukanisiwe noma ebekiwe.
Yini ukweqile kwesikhathi esihlukanisiwe?
Ikhono lokuhlukanisa lihlukanisa umthamo odingekayo wokugcwalisa phakathi kwamathangi amancane amaningi ukuze kungabi nethangi elilodwa eliphethe yonke inqolobane. Livikela ekulahlekelweni okuyinhlekelele kwethangi elilodwa — ukwehluleka kwesikhumba, ukuvuza okukhulu noma ukuvalwa isikhathi eside kokuhlolwa — ngoba amanye amathangi asagcina umthamo odingekayo. Amandla alo ukubekezelela amaphutha okuqondile, futhi lisekela inhloso yeTier IV lapho ukuhlukaniswa kwenziwa ngamavalvu ukuze noma iyiphi ingxenye ikwazi ukuhlukaniswa. Izindleko zalo izisekelo eziningi, uphahla namacwecwe, ngayinye iyisici esihlukile okufanele sinakekelwe.
Yikuphi ukwakheka okunemodi zokwehluleka ezimbalwa kakhulu?
Akukho topology enezindlela zokwehluleka ezimbalwa kakhulu ngokuphelele; zinezindlela ezihlukene ezivelele. Amathangi ahambisanayo ehluleka ngamaheda abiwe, imigqa yokugcwalisa nezilawuli. I-Duty/standby yehluleka ngesici se-standby engasebenzi, ivalvu evaliwe kwesobunxele noma ukushintsha kwesandla okunensayo. Umthamo ohlukanisiwe unezingxenye eziningi kodwa akukho eyodwa eyodwa esusa yonke indawo egciniwe. Ukuqhathanisa okuqotho ukuthi yikuphi ukwehluleka okuvelele kwe-topology ongakunciphisa ngokushibhile, futhi lokho kuncike emapayipini esiza, ezilawulini nasemkhubeni wokulungisa kunokuba kube enanini lamathangi kuphela.
Ukushintshwa phakathi kwamathangi kulawulwa kanjani?
Ukushintsha kufanele kube okuzenzakalelayo futhi kungahluleki lapho umsebenzi ubalulekile, kuqalwe ukutholwa kwezinga noma iphutha lephampu ohlelweni lokuphatha isakhiwo ukuze ithangi elihlukile livuleke ngaphambi kokuba iluphu yokupholisa ibone isimo sokugcwalisa okuphansi. Ithangi ngalinye lidinga isilinganiso salo sezinga kanye nokuxhumana kwalo okulawulwayo ukuze isilawuli esisodwa singakwazi ukumfisha noma ukukhubaza esinye. Okomsebenzi/okulindile, okulindile kufanele kusetshenziswe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze iphutha lokungenzi lutho litholakale ekuhloleni, hhayi ngesikhathi sokuhluleka kwangempela. Umqondo wokudlulisa uyingxenye yobufakazi beTier obubuyekezwa umcwaningi.
Ungakwazi yini ukugcina ithangi elilodwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuhlinzekwa?
Yebo, uma ukuhlelwa kungagcinwa ngasikhathi sinye: noma yiliphi ithangi elilodwa, iphampu, ivalvu noma iheda lingahlukaniswa ngesikhathi ezinye zisasebenza, kuhlanganise nesidingo esikhulu sokuphakelwa kwesonto elibi kakhulu. Lokho kudinga ukuhlukaniswa okuzimele kusici ngasinye kanye nomthamo osele owanele wokukhokhela ukuphazamiseka. Ukuhlukaniswa komthamo kuyasiza ngoba akukho gobolondo elilodwa eliphethe yonke indawo yokugcina, ngakho ukuhlukanisa elilodwa kusasele umthamo odingekayo. Uhlelo lokulungisa olunezindawo zokuhlukanisa kanye nokuhlolwa komthamo yiwona mbhalo ofakazela leso simangalo; ngaphandle kwawo, umklamo awukwazi ukugcinwa ngasikhathi sinye.
Yibuphi ubufakazi obudingwa ukucwaninga kwe-Tier mayelana nokungafani?
I-Audit yeTier ifuna ukuhlaziywa, hhayi ukubalwa kwamathangi: izindawo eziyingozi eziyodwa ezikhonjwe kuwo wonke amathangi, ama-header, ukugcwaliswa, amaphampu nezilawuli; ukuncishiswa okunamathiselwe kukho ngakunye; umqondo wokuhlukanisa nokushintsha; kanye nobufakazi bomthamo bokuthi izinto ezisele ziyawufeza umsebenzi ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Amalungiselelo ahambisanayo noma ahlukanisiwe asekela ukugcinwa okuhambisanayo kweTier III, futhi umthamo ohlukanisiwe usekela ukubekezelela amaphutha kweTier IV lapho kungekho kwehluleka okukodwa okususa indawo yokugcina. Inhloso yeTier ishiwo njengenhloso yokuklama enobufakazi obunamathiselwe, hhayi njengelebula elikumishini.
Ukungafani kwethangi lamanzi okugcwalisa isinqumo sokuthembeka esithathwa ngemuva kokuba umthamo usulungisiwe, futhi i-topology oyikhethayo kufanele ihambisane nokwehluleka okudinga kakhulu ukusinda kukho. Amathangi ahambisanayo aphendula ekulahlekelweni kwethangi ngenxa yesondlo, i-duty/standby iphendula ekulahlekelweni kwethangi elisebenzayo, futhi ukuhlukaniswa komthamo kuphendula ekulahlekelweni okuyinhlekelele kwesikhwama esisodwa, kodwa akukho kukho okungafani kuze kube yilapho i-header yayo, ukugcwalisa, iphampu nezilawuli zizimele.
Ubufakazi beSigaba se-Uptime Institute umcwaningi abubuyekezayo uhlu lwephuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka okunokuncishiswa kwento ngayinye, umqondo wokuhlukanisa nokushintsha, kanye nobufakazi bomthamo bokuthi izinto ezisele zikhokhela umsebenzi ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Sithumelele umthamo wokugcwalisa, inhloso yeSigaba, imikhawulo yesiza kanye nemithombo etholakalayo, futhi sizobuyisela itopology enezinto ezivamile eziphindwe kabili kanye nobufakazi obubhaliwe.
Khuluma Nethimba Lethu Lobunjiniyela
Thumela umsebenzi, isisekelo somthamo, ikhodi elawulayo kanye nemikhawulo yesiza, futhi ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lizobuya nencazelo umhlinzeki angayikhokhela nomcwaningi angayigunyaza. Sizokutshela futhi ngokucacile lapho uhlobo oluhlukile lwethangi noma umkhakha ohlukile kuyimpendulo engcono.
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