Amathangi e-TES Esikhungo Sedatha Esikhulu: Ukulinganisa Ezingeni Lekhampasi
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Amathangi e-TES Esikhungo Sedatha Esikhulu: Ukulinganisa Ezingeni Lekhampasi
Ezingeni lekhampasi, isitoreji sokushisa silinganiswa kusukela ekuphezulu okuhlukahlukene kwekhampasi, hhayi isamba sezikhathi eziphezulu zamahholo, ngoba amahholo awafinyeleli ezingeni eliphezulu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Inombolo ihlelwa ngezigaba, yehliswa ukulahlekelwa kokuxhumana, futhi ingase iphinde inciphe uma ukukhiqizwa kwangaphakathi noma isitoreji sesivele sithwala ikhampasi kuso isigameko segridi okwakuhloswe ngaso isitoreji.
Isingeniso
Ihholo elilodwa ledatha lalinganisa isitoreji salo samandla okushisa ngokumelene nomthwalo walo futhi lama. Ikhampasi ye-hyperscale ayinawo umthwalo owodwa, inamahholo amaningi amazinga aphezulu awo angafiki ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi umbuzo wesitoreji uba umbuzo wekhampasi: ingakanani ingqikithi yomthamo ikhampasi ewudingayo, ikuphi lapho ihlezi khona, futhi ihlelwa kanjani njengoba isiza sikhula. Isakhiwo akuseyona iyunithi yokuhlaziya; ikhampasi yiye.
Yini eshintshayo ezingeni lekhampasi
Okushintshayo esikalini sekhampasi iyunithi yokubalwa. Ehholo elilodwa, isitoreji sokushisa silinganiswa ngezinga lokuphela kwamandla okusebenza kulelo hholo kanye newindi yalo yentela noma yokuqina. Ekhampasini, iziqongo zamahholo ngamanye ziyathululelwa yiqiniso lokuthi azifinyeleli emkhawulweni ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi isitoreji sisebenzela isignali yekhampasi, hhayi ihholo elikhulu kunawo wonke.
Ushintsho lwesibili yingqalasizinda ephakathi kwamathangi nomthwalo. Ezingeni lehholo ukulahlekelwa kokusatshalaliswa kungamametha ambalwa epayipi; ezingeni lekhampasi kuyi-ring main, amandla empompo, kanye nohlelo lokulawula okufanele lulinganise ukuxhumana okungamashumi amaningi, ngakho umthamo osebenzayo ikhampasi eliwutholayo ngempela ethangini mncane kunalowo okulo igama lalo. Ukucabanga kwekhampasi kuphinde kuphoqelele ukuhlelwa ngezigaba, ngoba ikhampasi yakhiwa ngezigaba futhi isitoreji kufanele sifike kanye nomthwalo esiwusebenzelayo. Ezomnotho zilandela ukuhlelwa ngezigaba: imali ikhishwa ngokumelene nomthwalo osekhona kakade, okulula ukuwuthola umxhaso wemali kunomthamo owakhiwe ngaphambi kwehholo okungenzeka ukuthi uhlelo lwalo lwehle, ngakho uhlelo lwesitoreji nohlelo lokwakha wuhlelo olulodwa olubukwa ngezinhlangothi ezimbili.
Ukwehlukahlukana kwemithwalo phakathi kwamahholo
Ukwehlukahlukana kwemithwalo yisizathu sokuthi inombolo yekhampasi incane kunesamba samahholo. Uma ihholo ngalinye kulawo N linomthwalo wokupholisa ophezulu P, isiqongo sekhampasi esilula singu-N siphindwe ngo-P, kodwa amahholo afinyelela kuleso siqongo ngaphansi kwezimo zangaphakathi ezihlukene, ukuchayeka kwesimo sezulu kanye nezinhlelo ze-IT, ngakho isiqongo esenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa singu-N siphindwe ngo-P siphindwe ngesici sokwehlukahlukana k esingaphansi kuka-1.
Isici sokwehlukahlukana asiqagulwa; sithathwa kumasimo womthwalo wehholo, kungaba kukalwa esigabeni esikhona noma kumodeliswe kusukela ohlelweni lokwethulwa kwe-IT, futhi siyaqina njengoba amahholo eba nokufana okwengeziwe futhi siyaxega njengoba ehluka. Ngakho-ke isitoreji esisebenza ekuphekeni kwekhampasi sikhula nge-k izikhathi N izikhathi P, futhi ukonga ngaphezu kwesamba esilula siyimpikiswano yonke yokulinganisa izinga lekhampasi esikhundleni sokuthenga ihholo ngalinye.
Ukulinganisa isidingo sesitoreji sekhampasi
Isidingo sesitoreji sekhampasi siqala emsebenzini owenziwa yisitoreji: ukunciphisa intengo yesidingo, ukudlula esigamekweni sikagesi, noma ukuhambisa ukupholisa ekukhiqizeni okungaphandle kwesikhathi esimatasa. Umsebenzi ngamunye unikeza amandla adingekayo nge-kWh yokupholisa, ashintsha abe umthamo wamanzi ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okusebenza kuso isitoreji: Umthamo = Amandla / (rho x cp x delta-T), lapho i-rho ingukukhulu kwamanzi, i-cp ukushisa kwawo okukhethekile kanye ne-delta-T umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kokushaja nokukhipha.
Ezingeni lekhampasi amandla angukuphezulu kwekhampasi okuhlukahlukene okuphindwe isikhathi, hhayi isamba samandla amahholo. Bese usebenzisa isici sokuhlukahluka bese ususa umthamo olahlekile ngenxa yokuxhumana nokusabalalisa, okunikeza umthamo ofakiwe okufanele umnikazi wekhampasi abe nawo. Ukubala kuyifiziksi efanayo nehholo elilodwa, kodwa okokufaka kuyizinto ezihlanganisiwe zekhampasi, futhi ukuzwela kwesici sokuhlukahluka iyinombolo okufanele ithimba lezezimali liyibone kuqala.
Ukuhlelwa nokwabiwa kwezigaba zemikhumbi
Imikhumbi ihlelwa ngoba ikhampasi ihlelwa. Isigaba sokuqala samahholo sidinga ibhlokhi yokuqala yokugcina elinganiselwe umthwalo ohlukahlukene waleso sigaba, futhi izigaba zakamuva zengeza amabhlokhi njengoba imithwalo yazo ifika, esikhundleni sokuthenga umthamo ogcwele wokugcina ngosuku lokuqala nokubuka ingxenye yawo ingenalutho ngenkathi imali ingenzi nzuzo.
Ukuhlelwa kwezigaba futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokulinganisa. Isici sokuhlukahluka sesigaba sokuqala singalinganiswa futhi amabhlokhi akamuva alungiswe kunani elibonwayo esikhundleni salelo elinganiselwe, ukuze isengezo ngasinye silungise esandulelayo. Ukuhweba ukuthi imikhumbi ehlelwe ngezigaba idinga umthamo wokuxhumana wamabhlokhi esikhathi esizayo, ngakho umugqa oyindilinga namakhanda amaphampu alinganiselwe isimo sokugcina ngisho noma kuphela amathangi okuqala afakiwe, noma ukuxhumana kwakamuva kuba ukulungiswa kabusha.
Ukuxhumana nokulahlekelwa kokusabalalisa
Ukulahlekelwa kwe-interconnect nokusabalalisa yigebe eliphakathi kwegama legama lethangi nokupholisa ikhampasi eyamukelayo. Ukumpompa amanzi okugcina kuya emahholo akude kubiza amandla avela njengokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa noma ukwehla kwengcindezi, futhi indandatho yamapayipi ilahlekelwa ukushisa endaweni ezungezile, ngakho okunye ukupholisa okugciniwe akufinyeleli ku-coil.
Umthelela ekulinganiseni uyimbili: wengeza imajini kumthamo wekhampasi ukuze ukhokhelele ukulahlekelwa, futhi ungase ukhethe ukubeka isitoreji eduze namahholo ewasebenzelayo kunokuba kube epulazini elilodwa elimaphakathi, ushintshanisa umhlaba nezempi ukuze uthole ukulahlekelwa okuncane kokusabalalisa. Ukulahlekelwa kokusabalalisa kulinganiselwa ngobude bendandatho, ukugeleza kanye nezinga lokuvikela, futhi kuwumugqa ekubalweni kwekhampasi, hhayi umbhalo waphansi, ngoba emabangeni ekhampasi akusekho okuncane.
Izithiyo zesiza: indawo yonyawo, ukufinyelela kanye ne-logistics
Imikhawulo yesayithi inquma ukuhlelwa njengoba amandla enza. Ipulazi lesitoreji elimaphakathi lidinga indawo kanye nesilinganiso somthwalo waphansi noma we-slabb wamathangi agcwele amanzi, kanye nokufinyelela kwe-crane neloli lokulethwa kanye namabhulokhi akamuva. Ukuhlelwa okusabalalisiwe kudinga lezo zinto ezifanayo ezindaweni ezimbalwa ezincane kanye nokuxhumana phakathi kwazo.
I-Logistics iyingxenye emangaza abahleli bamakhempasi abaqala: amathangi amakhulu ambalwa afika ngemithwalo emikhulu embalwa, kuyilapho amaningi amancane ephindaphinda ukulethwa nokuvalwa kwemigwaqo. Umkhondo ngayinye yeyunithi yamandla agciniwe uvame ukuba ngcono kumathangi amakhulu, kodwa indawo kungenzeka ingabi nayo iphedi eyodwa ecacile, ngakho umkhawulo uba ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokuhlela efanele umhlaba ikhempasi elinawo ngempela, hhayi ukuthi iyiphi esebenza kahle kakhulu ngokwethiyori.
Lapho ukukhiqizwa kwasendaweni kushintsha impendulo
Ukukhiqizwa kwasendaweni kushintsha impendulo lapho isitoreji sasilinganiselwe ukudlula isigameko segridi okuvele ukukhiqizwa kwasendaweni sekusihlanganisile. Uma ikhempasi inokukhiqizwa okwanele ngemuva kwemitha noma ibhethri yokuthwala umthwalo wokupholisa phakathi kokuphazamiseka noma ukukhuphuka kwentengo, isitoreji sokushisa esilinganiselwe kuso leso sigameko siyaphindaphindeka ngokwengxenye.
Isinqumo akusona sokuthi kususwe isitoreji kodwa ukuthi sisatshalaliswe kabusha. Isitoreji ebesisebenza ekumelaneni nokuguquguquka singancipha kuyilapho isitoreji esisebenza ekuphathweni kwezindleko zokusetshenziswa kukagesi kusignali ehlukile sikhula, ngakho umthamo wendawo yonke uyashintsha kunokuba unyamalale. Umkhawulo uyiphuzu lapho insiza yasendaweni isibhekana nomsebenzi wesitoreji isikhathi esiningi sonyaka kunalokho isitoreji esikwenza ngokomnotho, futhi lokho kuwukuqhathanisa kokuthunyelwa, hhayi umthetho wesandla.
Ukwethula icala lekhampasi
Ukwethula icala lekhampasi kusho ukukhombisa ithimba lezezimali inombolo kanye nokuzwela okungemuva kwayo. Ishadi eliyisisekelo ukugqama kwekhampasi okuhlukahlukene uma kuqhathaniswa nesamba esilula samahholo, kanti isici sokuhlukahluka siyisigxobo, kulandele uhlelo lomthamo oluhleliwe, imvume yokulahlekelwa kokusatshalaliswa kanye nokuncishiswa kokukhiqizwa kwasendaweni.
Icala liyawina lapho livezwa njengokubalwa okuvikelekayo esikhundleni sesimangalo somthamo: shono umsebenzi, i-delta-T, isici sokuhlukahluka nomthombo waso, imvume yokulahlekelwa nokuhlelwa, futhi ubonise ukuthi umthamo uhamba kanjani uma noma yikuphi okokufaka kushintsha. Lona umqulu umbuyekezi angawugunyaza futhi umcwaningi wezimali angawubuyekeza, futhi yikho okuguqula umbono wekhampasi ube yinombolo yemali.
Iphepha Lokusebenza Lokulinganisa Ikhampasi: Okokufaka, Isisekelo, Umphumela Kumthamo
Okokufaka | Isisekelo | Umphumela kumthamo |
Umthwalo ophezulu wehholo P | Kulinganisiwe noma kukalwe ihholo ngalinye | Ilinganisa isamba |
Inani lamahholo N | Uhlelo lokuqaliswa kwekhampasi | Ilinganisa isamba |
Isici sokuhlukahluka k | Ngokwamaphrofayela omthwalo wamahholo | Yehlisa umthamo ophezulu ngaphansi kwe-N x P |
Isikhathi | Incazelo yomsebenzi | Kuphindaphinda amandla |
I-Delta-T | Ukushaja kwesitoreji kuya ekukhipheni | Okuphambene ngevolumu |
Ukulahleka kokusatshalaliswa | Ubude bendandatho, ukugeleza, ukufakwa kwezinto zokuvikela | Kwengeza imajini |
On-site offset | Generation covers duty | Re-allocates volume |
Staging Decision Criteria: Question, Trigger, Action
Umbuzo | Isiqalo | Isenzo |
Ukufanisa isigaba | Amahholo akhiwe ngezigaba | Umthamo wesigaba nomthwalo |
Ukwehlukahlukana kwaziwa | Isigaba sokuqala sikaliwe | Shuna amabhulokhi akamuva |
Iphedi elilodwa | Indawo eyodwa ecacile ikhona | Amathangi amakhulu amaphakathi |
Kusatshalaliswe | Ayikho iphedi eyodwa | Amasayithi amaningana amancane |
I-Gen ihlanganisa umsebenzi | Isisetshenziswa sasendaweni esikhona | Isitoreji sokuqina kokuncipha |
Ukulahlekelwa okuphezulu | Umugqa oyindilinga omude | Thola amahholo aseduze |
Inkomba Yephrojekthi
Akukho rekhodi yephrojekthi eqinisekisiwe efanayo nalesi sihloko sezinga lekhampasi emtatsheni wezincwadi. Esikhundleni sokuveza icala elisunguliwe, le ndatshana incike ekuhlaziyweni kobuchwepheshe, uhlaka lokukhetha kanye nephepha lokusebenza lokulinganisa ikhampasi elithwelwe ngezansi ukuze kusekelwe isinqumo sesitoreji.
Mayelana ne-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd.) iklama futhi yakha amathangi okugcina insimbi eboliwe, amathangi ensimbi ashiselelwe, amathangi e-epoxy ahlanganiswe ngokuncibilika, amathangi ane-zinc, izitsha zensimbi engagqwali, izitsha zengcindezi, uphahla lwedome le-aluminium le-geodesic kanye nophahla oluntantayo. Inkampani inolwazi lokukhiqiza olungaphezu kweminyaka engu-30 futhi isihlinzeke ngemishini emiklamweni emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Uphahla lwedome le-aluminium le-geodesic luklanywa futhi lwakhiwe ngokwe-API 650 Appendix G, AWWA D108, i-Aluminum Design Manual, i-ASCE 7 ne-IBC, futhi inkampani yathuthukisa futhi yathumela ngaphandle uphahla lwedome le-aluminium olungububanzi obungu-72 m ngo-2023. Ubunjiniyela, ukwakhiwa, ukumboza, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nesevisi yasendaweni kusingathwa njengomsebenzi owodwa, yingakho imidwebo, isisekelo sokubala kanye nezingxenye ezihlinzekiwe kungahlanganiswa ndawonye.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ukubalwa kosayizi be-TES kuhluke kanjani ezikhungweni ezinkulu kakhulu?
Usayizi walo ubalwa ngokusekelwe kumthwalo ophakeme wekhampasi ocatshangelwa ngokuhlukahluka kwemithwalo, hhayi esambeni semithwalo ephakeme yamahholo ngamanye, ngoba amahholo awafinyeleli wonke emthwalweni omkhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ufaka isici sokuhlukahluka emthwalweni ohlanganisiwe wamahholo, uguqule amandla atholakele abe umthamo wamanzi ngokusebenzisa umehluko wamazinga okushisa okugcina, bese ucabangela ukulahleka ekuxhumaniseni nasekusabalaliseni. Iyunithi yokuhlaziya isignali yekhampasi, ngakho uhlelo lokugcina lusekela umthwalo ophakeme osusuliwe ogcinwa yisiza sonke empeleni.
Ikhampasi yezinga elikhulu kakhulu idinga isitoreji esingakanani?
Awekho amanani angawodwa; kungumthamo wokugqokwa kwesithako sokuphehla umoya ohlangene wekhampasi ophindwe isikhathi esidingekayo, oguqulwa ube umthamo nge-Volume = Energy / (rho x cp x delta-T). Ezingeni lekhampasi amandla asebenzisa isici sokuhlukahluka phakathi kwamahholo, hhayi isamba samahholo, futhi umthamo ofakiwe wengeza imali yokuxhumana nokulahlekelwa kokusabalalisa. Inombolo iqhutshwa umsebenzi, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokuhlukahluka okubonwayo noma okulingisiwe, ngakho-ke ibalwa ngekhampasi ngayinye kunokuba icashunwe.
Ingabe amathangi kufanele afakwe ngezigaba?
Yebo, futhi ngezizathu ezimbili: ikhampasi yakhiwa ngezigaba ngakho isitoreji kufanele sifike nomthwalo esiwusebenzelayo, futhi ukuhlela kukuvumela ukuthi ulinganise isici sokuhlukahluka esigabeni sokuqala futhi ulungise amabhulokhi akamuva kunani elibonwayo. Thenga ibhulokhi yokuqala yomthwalo ohlukahlukene wesigaba sokuqala futhi wengeze amabhulokhi njengoba amahholo eqala ukusebenza. Ukuxhumana namaphampu kulinganiselwe isimo sokugcina ngisho noma kufakwe amathangi okuqala kuphela.
Ukulahlekelwa kokuxhumana kuthinta kanjani isitoreji sekhampasi?
Ukulahlekelwa kokuxhumana nokusabalalisa kunciphisa umthamo osebenzayo i-campus eyitholayo: ukupompa kudla amandla avela njengokulahlekelwa izinga lokushisa noma ingcindezi, futhi i-ring main ilahlekelwa ukushisa endaweni ezungezile. Wengeza imajini kumthamo we-campus ukuze ukhokhele lokhu, futhi ungase ubeke isitoreji eduze namahholo ewasebenzelayo ukuze unciphise ukulahlekelwa ngezindleko zezinto zokwakha ezisabalele. Ukulahlekelwa kulinganiselwa ngobude be-ring, ukugeleza kanye nokufakwa kwe-insulation futhi kuwumugqa ekubalweni kwe-campus, akukona okuncane emabangeni e-campus.
Yiluphi umkhondo odingwa yisitoreji sesikali sekhampasi?
Umkhondo uncike ekutheni isitoreji sikhazinyulisiwe noma sisatshalaliswa. Ipulazi elimaphakathi lidinga indawo eyisicaba kanye nelebula noma izinga lokuthwala umthwalo wamathangi agcwele amanzi ngokuphelele kanye nokufinyelela kwe-crane namaloli; isitoreji esisatshalaliswa sidinga okufanayo ezindaweni ezimbalwa ezincane kanye nokuxhumana. Amathangi amakhulu ngokuvamile anikeza umkhondo ongcono ngeyunithi ngayinye egciniwe kodwa adinga indawo eyodwa ecacile, kuyilapho amathangi amaningi amancane aphindaphinda ukulethwa. Indawo ikhampasi enayo ngempela, hhayi ukusebenza kahle kwethiyori, iyona ebeka ukuhlelwa.
Kunini lapho ukukhiqizwa endaweni kusenza isitoreji singadingeki?
Ukukhiqizwa kwesizinda kwenza ukugcinwa kungabi nesidingo lapho ukugcinwa kwakulinganiselwe ukuthi kudlule isigameko segridi esivele simbozwa umthombo wesizinda. Uma ukukhiqizwa okungemuva kwemitha noma ibhethri kuthwala umthwalo wokupholisa phakathi kokuphazamiseka noma ukukhuphuka kwentengo, ukugcinwa kokushisa kwalowo sigameko esifanayo kuba nokungabi nesidingo okwengxenye. Ikhempasi ibe isabela kabusha umthamo esikhundleni sokuwususa, inciphisa ukugcinwa kokuqina futhi ikhulisa ukugcinwa kwentela yokufunwa, okunqunywa ukuqhathaniswa kokuthunyelwa emkhawulweni lapho umthombo wesizinda ukhokhela umsebenzi isikhathi esiningi sonyaka.
Uyethula kanjani icala lesitoreji sekhampasi?
Yethula njengokubalwa okungavikeleka: inani eliphezulu lekhamphasi elihlukahlukene ngokuqhathaniswa nesamba esilula samahholo ngesici sokuhlukahluka njengensimbi yokushintsha, uhlelo lwemithamo oluhleliwe, imvume yokulahleka kokusatshalaliswa kanye nokuncishiswa kokukhiqizwa endaweni. Shono umsebenzi, i-delta-T, isici sokuhlukahluka nomthombo waso, imvume yokulahleka kanye nokuhlelwa, futhi ubonise ukuthi umthamo uhamba kanjani uma noma yikuphi okokufaka kushintsha. Umhloli angakuvuma lokho futhi umcwaningi wamabhuku angaphinda akubuyekeze, okuyikho okuguqula umbono wekhamphasi ube yinombolo yemali.
Ezingeni lekhampasi inombolo yesitoreji sokushisa iyingqikithi, hhayi ukuphindaphinda. Ukuhlukahluka kwesiqongo sekhampasi, okuthathwa ngokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa lesitoreji futhi kulungiswe ukulahlekelwa kokuxhumana nokusabalalisa, kunikeza umthamo okufanele umsiza ube nawo, futhi ukuhlela lowo mthamo ngezigaba zokwakha kugcina imali isebenza esikhundleni sokuhlala ingenzi lutho. Icala lekhampasi liwinwa ngokukhombisa ukuzwela, hhayi ngokuqinisekisa umthamo: isici sokuhlukahluka nomthombo waso, imvume yokulahlekelwa, ukuhlela kanye nokuncishiswa kokukhiqizwa kwendawo. Lapho ukukhiqizwa ngemuva kwemitha sekukhona sekukhokhela umsebenzi wesitoreji, umthamo uyabelwa kabusha esikhundleni sokunyamalala. Sithumele amaphrofayili womthwalo wehholo, umsebenzi kanye nezingqinamba zendawo, futhi sizobuyisela ukubalwa kwesitoreji sekhampasi nokuhlela kanye nemvume yokulahlekelwa okucacisiwe.
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