Uphahla Oluntantayo Lwamathemini Amathangi Nezindawo Zokugcina Amathangi
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Uphahla Oluntantayo Lwamaziteshi Ethangi Namapulazi Ethangi
Amaziteshi ethangi namapulazi ethangi aphatha imikhiqizo exubile kanye nokushintshwa kwamathangi okuphezulu, ngakho-ke ukukhetha uphahla oluntantayo kufanele kusebenzele ukuguquguquka kwemikhiqizo eminingi kanye nokubalwa kwezinto ezikhishwayo. Uphahla lwangaphandle kumathangi amakhulu emikhiqizo eguquguqukayo; uphahla lwangaphakathi lapho amagobolondo anophahla olungaguquki. Ukukhetha kufanele kulandele izimo zesevisi kanye nekhodi esebenzayo, hhayi ukuthanda okuzenzakalelayo.
Kungani Uphahla Oluntantayo Lusetshenziswa Esiteshini Sethangi
Amatheminali amathangi namapulazi amathangi aphatha imikhiqizo exubile kanye nokushintshwa kwamathangi okuphezulu, ngakho-ke ukukhethwa kophahla oluntantayo kufanele kusebenzele ukuguquguquka kwemikhiqizo eminingi kanye nokubalwa kwezinto ezikhishwayo. Idekhi ihamba phezu koketshezi futhi isusa ingxenye enkulu yesikhala esingaphezulu ebesingashiywa uphahla olungashintshi phezu komkhiqizo, okuwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokulahlekelwa okuhwamukayo nokuphepha eTheminalini Lamathangi.
Ukukhetha Uphahla Lwangaphakathi Nolwangaphandle
Uphahla lwangaphandle emathangini amakhulu emikhiqizo eguquguqukayo; uphahla lwangaphakathi lapho amagobolondo anophahla olungashintshi. ETheminalini Lamathangi ugobolondo osuvele unalo kanye nobubanzi bephrojekthi ngokuvamile kuyaxazulula lokhu ngaphambi kwengxabano yomkhiqizo; ukukhetha kushintsha uhlobo lwedekhi, isigaba sokuvimbela, ukufinyelela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola.
Amatheminali kufanele alandelele izinto ezikhishwayo zethangi ngalinye ukuze kutholwe imvume, ngakho-ke uphahla kanye nesigaba sokuvimbela ngomkhiqizo ngamunye kuba yingxenye yerekhodi lokuhambisana, hhayi nje ukukhetha kokuklama.
Imikhawulo Yesevisi Nezithiyo
Ukushintshwa komkhiqizo, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-manifold kanye nokuphathwa kwezithako kuthinta ukufinyelela kophahla nokukhethwa kwe-seal. Le mikhawulo ibeka uhlobo lwedekhi, into yokwenziwa kwe-seal kanye nanoma yikuphi ukushisisa, ukugcoba noma ukufakwa kwe-lining okudingwa yi-Tank Terminal; ukukusho kuqala kugwema uphahla olungeke lukwazi ukumelana nomsebenzi.
Iphrofayela Yengozi
Ukungcola okuxubanayo, ukuhamba komhwamuko phakathi kwamathangi nokusabalala komlilo yizingozi eziyisisekelo. E-Tank Terminal ingozi ngayinye ihambisana nokulawula okuthile - izinga lokuvalwa, ukuxhumanisa, ukuqapha isikhala somphetho noma inqubo yokungena - esikhundleni senothi elijwayelekile lokuphepha.
Indlela Yokukhetha Nokuklama
Indlela ephindwayo igcina ukukhetha kuvikelekile kumathangi afanayo:
1. Bopha ukukhetha ku-tank terminal: qinisekisa umfutho womhwamuko kanye nephuzu lokushisa kwangempela lokugcina, hhayi ezimweni ezijwayelekile.
2. Linganisa uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba komlenze kusukela kububanzi bethangi, ukushintshwa kanye nevolumu edingekayo ye-Tank Terminal.
3. Khetha okwangaphakathi noma okwangaphandle kusukela kugobolondo osele likhona kanye nomthetho wokukhishwa komoya osebenzayo.
4. Setha ikilasi ledayi eliyinhloko nelesibili kusukela engcupheni yesiteshi sethangi kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL okukudalayo.
5. Hlanganisa umklamo ne-API 650, NFPA 30, API 2000, kanye nezidingo zecala lokuphepha lesiteshi. futhi lungisa isikhawu sokuhlola se-API 653 ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Uhlaka Lokulinganisa (Oluyisibonelo, Hhayi Isibalo Sephrojekthi)
Ekuhloleni kokulawula umhwamuko eSiteshini Sethangi, ubudlelwano obusetshenziselwa ukuhlola yilobu:
Ukulahlekelwa okulawulekayo okulinganiselwe kuyehla njengoba igebe le-seal nokulingana kwedekhi kuthuthuka; hlola nge: Ukulahlekelwa ∝ igebe × umjikelezo × isici somfutho womhwamuko.
Amavelu okuhlola okulawula umhwamuko we-Tank Terminal angezansi ayizibonelo futhi akhona ukukhombisa indlela; awazona izilinganiso zesiza ezivela kuphrojekthi eqanjiwe futhi kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa.
Okokufaka | Inani eliyisibonelo | Kungani kubalulekile |
Igebe le-seal (isibonelo) | 12 mm vs 6 mm | Ukwehlisa igebe ngesigamu kwehlisa ukulahlekelwa komgogodla cishe ngesigamu |
Umjikelezo we-Tank (isibonelo) | 200 m | Ibeka umjikelezo wokukhishwa |
Isici somfutho womhwamuko | Kuncike kumkhiqizo | Kushayela izinga, hhayi indlela |
Ikilasi le-seal | Okukodwa vs okukabili | Isivalo esikabili sinciphisa indlela evulekile |
Ngokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko eTank Terminal, landela indlela, hhayi inombolo: bhala konke okokufaka, khombisa ukusebenza, bese uhlola umphumela ngokumelene nomkhawulo wokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko eTank Terminal. Akukho sibalo esisodwa esingasekelwe esethulwa njengeqiniso lokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko eTank Terminal.
Izindinganiso Nesisekelo Sokuhambisana
API 650, NFPA 30, API 2000, kanye nezidingo zecala lokuphepha lesikhumulo. Lezi zincwadi ezishicilelwe ziqinisekisa uhlobo lwophahla, isigaba sesivalo kanye nesikhathi sokuhlolwa seTank Terminal; ziyisisekelo sobunjiniyela, hhayi ukuhlelwa.
Isifinyezo Sokuqhathanisa
Isici | Lolu hlelo lokusebenza | Iphutha elivamile |
Isici | Umsebenzi weTank Terminal | Ithangi elijwayelekile |
Ukulawulwa komhwamuko | Kusetwa ukuguquguquka kwesikhumulo sethangi | Kuvame ukunganakwa |
Uhlobo lwophahla | Kuqhutshwa ububanzi kanye nekhodi yeTank Terminal | Uphahla olungagudluki ngokuzenzakalela |
Isigaba sesivalo | Kufaniswa nomthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo eziteshini zamathangi | Akucacisiwe |
Ukuhlolwa | Izidingo ze-API 650, NFPA 30, API 2000, kanye nezesimo sokuphepha setheminali. isisekelo | Ngokwesikhathi esithile |
Izindlela Zokwehluleka Ezivamile
· Ekugezini Kwetheminali Yamathangi, igebe lokuvimbela nokulingana kwedekhi kubangela ukulahleka komhwamuko; izivimbelo eziphindwe kabili nokulingana okuqinile kuyakunciphisa.
· Ekugezini Kwetheminali Yamathangi ukugqwala kulawulwa nge-CP, izembozo zokuvikela kanye nohlelo lokuhlola lwe-API 653.
· Ekugezini Kwetheminali Yamathangi imililo yomgogodla iqala ngokukhishwa kukagesi omile, umbani noma umsebenzi oshisayo, ngakho isigaba sokuvimbela, ukuxhumanisa kanye nokumboza ngegwebu yizinto zokulawula ingozi.
Izinto Zeshidi Ledatha Okufanele Zichazwe Kusukela Ekuqaleni
Into | Kungani |
Into | Kungani kubalulekile Kutheminali Yamathangi |
Umkhiqizo ogciniwe nengcindezi yomhwamuko | Kubeka uphahla nesigaba sokuvimbela |
Ububanzi bethangi nokushintshwa kwempahla | Kubeka uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba kwemilenze |
Ikhodi yokuklama nomthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo | Kubeka indlela yokuhambisana nomthetho |
Isigaba sokuvimbela setheminali yamathangi | Icwangciso lokulawula umhwamuko nomlilo |
Isikhathi sokuhlola | Izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila |
Amaphutha ajwayelekile ezincazelweni
· Ukukhetha uhlobo lwophahla ngaphambi kokuchaza ukuguquguquka kwetheminali yamathangi.
· Ukuphatha zonke izigaba zetheminali yamathangi njengomsebenzi owodwa.
· Ukucacisa isigaba sokuvimbela ngaphandle komthetho wokukhishwa kwentuthu yetheminali yamathangi.
· Ukushaya indiva ukuzungeza kwegobolondo ngaphambi kokusetha idekhi yeTheminali Yamathangi.
Ukusekelwa Kobunjiniyela Nezinyathelo Ezilandelayo
Ngokugcinwa kwetheminali yamathangi, yabelana ngegama lomkhiqizo nokugxila kwawo, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, ingcindezi yomhwamuko, ikhodi yokuklama, ububanzi bethangi, umthamo kanye nokushintshwa. Unjiniyela bese eqinisekisa uhlobo lwophahla lokugcinwa kwetheminali yamathangi, idekhi nesigaba sokuvimbela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola esikhundleni sesincomo esifanayo kubo bonke.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Kuqondwa nini uphahla oluntantayo lwetheminali yamathangi?
Uphahla oluntantayo luyadingeka lapho ukuguquguquka komkhiqizo, isitoko kanye nemithetho esebenzayo yokukhishwa komoya noma yomlilo yenza indawo yomhwamuko ibe yingozi yokulahlekelwa noma yokuphepha. E-Tank Terminal lokhu kuhlolwa kusukela ekucindezelweni komhwamuko, ububanzi bethangi kanye nomthetho ofanele.
2. Ingabe uphahla lwangaphakathi noma lwangaphandle lwethemini lethangi?
Uphahla lwangaphandle emathangini amakhulu omkhiqizo oguquguqukayo; uphahla lwangaphakathi lapho amagobolondo anophahla olungaguquguquki.
3. Iyiphi ikilasi lesivalo esisetshenziswa ethemini lethangi?
Ikilasi lesivalo lilandela umthetho wokukhishwa komoya kanye nobungozi bomkhiqizo; izivalo zesibili ngokuvamile zifakwa emoyeni noma kuketshezi kuye ngesevisi kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL.
4. Yimiphi imigomo esebenza emathangini anophahla oluntantayo ethemini lethangi?
I-API 650, i-NFPA 30, i-API 2000, kanye nezidingo zecala lokuphepha lethemini.
5. Ukulahleka komhwamuko kulawulwa kanjani?
Ethemini Lethangi, umhwamuko uphuma ngokusebenzisa igebe lesivalo nokungalingani kahle kwedekhi, ngakho izivalo eziphindwe kabili kanye nokubekezelelana okuqinile kuyanciphisa.
6. Yisiphi isisekelo sokuhlola esisebenza?
Isisekelo sokuhlola samathangi anophahla oluntantayo eThemini Lethangi yi-API 653 esetshenziswayo; isimo saphansi, samagobolondo, sophahla kanye nesivalo sikalwa ngobungozi ngesikhathi esibekwe yikhodi.
7. Ingabe uphahla olufanayo lungasebenza imikhiqizo eminingi?
Kuphela lapho imikhiqizo yabelana ngamazinga okuguquguquka nokuhambisana; ngaphandle kwalokho isivalo nempahla kufanele kuqinisekiswe kabusha ngomkhiqizo ngamunye.
I-Floating Roof YamaTheminali Amathangi Kanye Namapulazi Amathangi kunqunywa umkhiqizo ogciniwe othile, ingcindezi yawo yomhwamuko, izinga lokushisa, indawo yokugqwala kanye nekhodi esebenzayo - hhayi umkhuba. Qala ngezimo zokusebenza, uzihlanganise nohlobo olulungile lwe-floating-roof kanye nekilasi lesivalo, bese uqinisekisa ukubekezelelana kwedekhi, isivalo kanye nogobolondo ngokumelene nezinga elikhethiwe. Lapho kudingeka khona izilinganiso eziqondene nephrojekthi, inani lamathangi noma umthamo, ziqinisekise ngokumelene nerekhodi lethangi eliqinisekisiwe ngaphambi kokuqedela ukucaciswa.
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