Uphahla Oluntantayo Lokugcina I-Naphtha Nezinto Ezilula
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Uphahla Oluntantayo Lwe-Naphtha Nokugcinwa Kwezinto Ezincane Eziguqukayo
I-Naphtha nezinto ezincane eziguqukayo ziguquka kalula kune-petroli kwezinye izindawo, ngakho isigaba sezimpawu zokuvala kanye nezimpawu zesibili ezifakwe emhwamukweni zikhethwa ukuba zibhekane nokuchayeka okuphezulu kwe-LFL. Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphandle olunezimpawu zokuvala eziphindwe kabili nokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwesikhala somugqa kuyizinga elijwayelekile emathangini amakhulu e-naphtha. Ukukhetha kufanele kulandele izimo zesevisi kanye nekhodi esebenzayo, hhayi ukuthanda okuzenzakalelayo.
Kungani Uphahla Oluntantayo Lusetshenziswa Kwi-Naphtha
I-Naphtha ne-light ends ziguquguquka kalula ukwedlula uphethiloli kwezinye izindawo, ngakho isigaba sokufakwa kwezicindezelo kanye nezicindezelo zesibili ezifakwe emoyeni zikhethwa ukuba zibhekane nokuchayeka okuphezulu kwe-LFL. I-deck ihamba phezu koketshezi futhi isusa ingxenye enkulu yesikhala esingaphezulu ebesingashiywa uphahla olungagudluki phezu komkhiqizo, okuwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokulahleka komhwamuko nokuphepha kwe-Naphtha.
Ukukhetha Uphahla Lwangaphakathi Nolwangaphandle
Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphandle olunezicindezelo ezimbili nokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwesikhala somphetho kuyindinganiso kumathangi amakhulu e-naphtha. Kwi-Naphtha, iqokobhe osuvele unalo kanye nobubanzi bephrojekthi ngokuvamile kunciphisa lokhu ngaphambi kwengxabano yomkhiqizo; ukukhetha kushintsha uhlobo lwe-deck, isigaba sezicindezelo, ukufinyelela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola.
Ibanga lokubila elibanzi le-Naphtha lisho ukuthi ithangi libona ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwengcindezi yomhwamuko nokushisa, ngakho ukulinganisa kwezicindezelo nokukhipha umoya kufanele kuhlanganise usuku olushisayo olubi kakhulu, hhayi isilinganiso sonyaka.
Imikhawulo Yesevisi Nezithiyo
Iphuzu eliphansi lokushisa nokukhula okuphezulu kwezinga lokwanda kuqhuba ifilosofi yokuvikela nokukhulula. Le mikhawulo ibeka uhlobo lwedekhi, into yokuvikela kanye nanoma yikuphi ukushisisa, ukugcoba noma ukufaka isembozo okudingwa yiNaphtha; ukukusho kuqala kugwema uphahla olungeke lukwazi ukumelana nomsebenzi.
Isimo Sobungozi
Ukukhiqizwa komhwamuko okusheshayo nokuthungela kwesikhala somphetho yizingozi eziyinhloko. Ku-Naphtha ingozi ngayinye ihambisana nokulawula okuthile - isigaba sokuvaleleka, ukubopha, ukuqapha isikhala somphetho noma inqubo yokungena - esikhundleni senothi ejwayelekile yezokuphepha.
Indlela Yokukhetha Nokuklama
Indlela ephindwayo igcina ukukhetha kuvikelekile kumathangi afanayo:
1. Gxila ekukhetheni ku-naphtha: qinisekisa ingcindezi yayo yomhwamuko kanye nephuzu lokuthungela ezingeni lokushisa langempela lokugcina, hhayi ezimweni ezijwayelekile.
2. Linganisa uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba komlenze kusukela kububanzi bethangi, ukushintshwa kanye nevolumu edingekayo ye-Naphtha.
3. Khetha okwangaphakathi noma okwangaphandle kusukela kugobolondo osele likhona kanye nomthetho wokukhishwa komoya osebenzayo.
4. Setha isigaba sesivalo sokuqala nesesibili kusukela engozini ye-naphtha kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL okukudalayo.
5. Hlanganisa umklamo ne-API 650, API 2000, NFPA 30, EPA Benzene NESHAP lapho i-benzene ikhona. futhi ulungise isikhawu sokuhlolwa kwe-API 653 ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Uhlaka Lokulinganisa (Oluyisibonelo, Hhayi Isibalo Seprojekthi)
Sebenzisa lobu budlelwano ukuhlola ukuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko we-Naphtha ngaphambi kokuzibophezela enombolweni:
Ukulahlekelwa okulawulekayo okulinganiselwe kuyehla njengoba igebe lokuvikela nokulingana kwedekhi kuthuthuka; hlola nge: Ukulahlekelwa ∝ igebe × umjikelezo × isici somfutho womhwamuko.
Yonke imininingwane efakwe ohlwini lokuhlola ukulawulwa komhwamuko weNaphtha ngezansi iyisibonelo - ikhombisa indlela kuphela futhi ayisona isibalo esikalwe kusuka kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi wangempela wokuhlola ukulawulwa komhwamuko weNaphtha; shintsha idatha yendawo eqinisekisiwe kuqala.
Okokufaka | Inani eliyisibonelo | Kungani kubalulekile |
Igebe lokuvikela (isibonelo) | 12 mm vs 6 mm | Ukwehlisa igebe ngesigamu kwehlisa ukulahlekelwa emaphethelweni cishe ngesigamu |
Umjikelezo wethangi (isibonelo) | 200 m | Ibeke umjikelezo wokukhishwa |
Isici somfutho womhwamuko | Kuncike kumkhiqizo | Kuqhuba izinga, hhayi indlela |
Ikilasi lokuvimbela | Okukodwa vs okukabili | Ukuvimbela okukabili kunciphisa indlela evulekile |
Ekuhlolweni kokulawulwa komhwamuko we-Naphtha, iphuzu liwuhlobo, hhayi inombolo: shono konke okokufaka, khombisa ukubala, bese uqhathanisa umphumela nomkhawulo wokuklama wokuhlola ukulawulwa komhwamuko we-Naphtha. Isibalo esisodwa esingasekelwe asikaze sishicilelwe njengokungathi iqiniso lephrojekthi yokuhlola ukulawulwa komhwamuko we-Naphtha.
Izindinganiso Nesisekelo Sokuhambisana
API 650, API 2000, NFPA 30, EPA Benzene NESHAP lapho i-benzene ikhona. Lezi zinkomba ezishicilelwe ziqinisekisa uhlobo lwophahla, ikilasi lokuvimbela nesikhathi sokuhlola se-Naphtha; ziyisisekelo sobunjiniyela, hhayi ukuhlelwa.
Isifinyezo Sokuqhathanisa
Isici | Lolu hlelo lokusebenza | Iphutha elivamile |
Isici | Umsebenzi we-Naphtha | Ithangi elijwayelekile |
Ukulawulwa komhwamuko | Kunqunywa ukuguquguquka kwe-naphtha | Kuvame ukunganakwa |
Uhlobo lophahla | Kuqhutshwa ububanzi nekhodi ye-naphtha | Uphahla olungagxilile olujwayelekile |
Ikilasi lokuvimbela | Kufaniswa nomthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo ze-naphtha | Akucacisiwe |
Ukuhlola | I-API 650, i-API 2000, i-NFPA 30, i-EPA Benzene NESHAP lapho i-benzene ikhona. isisekelo | Ngokwesikhathi esithile |
Izindlela Zokwehluleka Ezivamile
· Ukulahleka komhwamuko ekugcinweni kwe-Naphtha kubangelwa igebe le-seal nokulingana kwedekhi; ama-seal akabili kanye nokulingana okuqinile kunciphisa izinto ezikhishwayo.
· Ekugcinweni kwe-Naphtha, ukugqwala kwaphansi nendawo yomngcele kubanjwa yi-CP, izinto zokumboza kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-API 653.
· Ekugcinweni kwe-Naphtha, i-rim seal ithungelwa ugesi womhlabathi, umbani noma umsebenzi oshisayo; ukulawula i-seal class, ukuxhuma kanye nohlelo lwe-foam.
Izinto ze-Data-Sheet Okufanele Zichazwe Kusukela Ekuqaleni
Into | Kungani |
Into | Kungani kubalulekile ku-Naphtha |
Umkhiqizo ogciniwe nengcindezi yomhwamuko | Kubeka uphahla ne-seal class |
Ububanzi bethangi nokushintshwa | Kubeka uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba kwemilenze |
Ikhodi yokuklama nomthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo | Kubeka indlela yokuhambisana |
I-seal class ye-naphtha | Kubeka ukulawula umhwamuko nomlilo |
Isikhathi sokuhlola | Kubeka izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila |
Amaphutha Ajwayelekile Esipeshekhini
· Ukukhetha uhlobo lwophahla ngaphambi kokusho ukuguquguquka kwe-naphtha.
· Ukuphatha wonke amagredishi e-naphtha njengomsebenzi owodwa.
· Ukucacisa isigaba sokuvikela ngaphandle komthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo ze-naphtha.
· Ukushaya indiva ukuzungeza kwegobolondo ngaphambi kokusetha idekhi ye-Naphtha.
Ukusekelwa Kobunjiniyela Nezinyathelo Ezilandelayo
Ukuze kuqhubekele phambili ukugcinwa kwe-Naphtha, thumela umkhiqizo ogciniwe kanye nokugxila kwawo, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, ingcindezi yomhwamuko kanye nephuzu lokushisa, ikhodi yokuklama, ububanzi bethangi, ivolumu edingekayo kanye nezinga lokushintshwa. Unjiniyela ofanelekile bese esetha uhlobo lwephahla elintantayo lokugcinwa kwe-Naphtha, idekhi nesigaba sokuvikela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola - esikhundleni senothi ejwayelekile elahlekwa umsebenzi wangempela wokugcinwa kwe-Naphtha.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Kunini lapho uphahla oluntantayo ludingeka khona ku-naphtha?
Uphahla oluntantayo luyadingeka lapho ukuguquguquka komkhiqizo, isitoko kanye nemithetho esebenzayo yokukhishwa komoya noma yomlilo yenza indawo yomhwamuko ibe yingozi yokulahlekelwa noma yokuphepha. Ku-Naphtha lokhu kuhlolwa kusukela ekucindezelweni komhwamuko, ububanzi bethangi kanye nomthetho ofanele.
2. Uphahla lwangaphakathi noma lwangaphandle lwe-naphtha?
Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphandle olunezimpawu eziphindwe kabili nokuqapha okungaguquki kwesikhala somngcele kuyinto ejwayelekile emathangini amakhulu e-naphtha.
3. Iyiphi ikilasi lesigxivizo esisetshenziswa ku-naphtha?
Ikilasi lesigxivizo lilandela umthetho wokukhishwa kwegesi kanye nobungozi bomkhiqizo; izigxivizo zesibili ngokuvamile zifakwa emoyeni noma zifakwa oketshezini kuye ngomsebenzi kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL.
4. Yimiphi imigomo esebenza emathangini e-naphtha anophahla oluntantayo?
API 650, API 2000, NFPA 30, EPA Benzene NESHAP lapho i-benzene ikhona.
5. Ukulahleka komhwamuko kulawulwa kanjani?
Ku-Naphtha, umhwamuko uphuma ngokusebenzisa isikhala sesigxivizo kanye nokungalingani kahle kwedekhi, ngakho izigxivizo eziphindwe kabini kanye nokulingana okuqinile kuyakunciphisa.
6. Yisiphi isisekelo sokuhlola esisebenza?
Ukuhlola okusebenzayo emathangini e-naphtha anophahla oluntantayo kulandela i-API 653; isimo saphansi, ugobolondo, uphahla kanye nesigxivizo kuhlolwa ngokwesisekelo sobungozi ngesikhathi esibekwe umgomo.
7. Ingabe uphahla olufanayo lungasebenza imikhiqizo eminingi?
Kuphela lapho imikhiqizo yabelana ngamazinga afanayo okuguquguquka nokuhambisana; ngaphandle kwalokho isivalo nempahla kufanele kuqinisekiswe kabusha ngomkhiqizo ngamunye.
I-Floating Roof Yezokugcina I-Naphtha Ne-Light Ends Inqunywa umkhiqizo ogciniwe othile, ingcindezi yawo yomhwamuko, izinga lokushisa, indawo yokugqwala kanye nekhodi esebenzayo - hhayi umkhuba. Qala ngezimo zesevisi, uzihlanganise nohlobo olulungile lwe-floating-roof kanye nekilasi le-seal, bese uqinisekisa ukubekezelelana kwedekhi, i-seal kanye nogqinsi lwe-shell ngokwesilinganiso esikhethiwe. Lapho kudingeka ubukhulu obuqondene nephrojekthi, inani lamathangi noma umthamo, qinisekisa lokho ngokurekhodi lethangi eliqinisekisiwe ngaphambi kokuqedela ukucaciswa.
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