Uphahla Oluntantayo Lwepetroli Yendiza (I-Aviation Turbine Fuel) Yokugcina
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Uphahla Oluntantayo Lokugcina Amafutha Endiza (Amafutha Endiza Entanta)
Amafutha endiza entanta adinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kokungcola, ngakho umklamo wophahla oluntantayo kufanele uvikele ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa ukuhwamuka. Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwamathangi anophahla olungagxilile luvamile ukuze kugcinwe indawo yomkhiqizo ivaliwe futhi ihlolwe. Ukukhetha kufanele kulandele izimo zokusebenza kanye nekhodi esebenzayo, hhayi ukuthanda okuzenzakalelayo.
Kungani Uphahla Oluntantayo Lusetshenziselwa Amafutha Endiza
Izidingo zikaphethiloli wezindiza zidinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kokungcola, ngakho ukwakheka kophahla oluntantayo kufanele kuvikele ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa ukuhwamuka. Ideski lihamba phezu koketshezi futhi lisusa iningi lesikhala esingaphezulu okungashiywa uphahla olungantanti phezu komkhiqizo, okuwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokulahlekelwa okuhwamukayo nokuphephile kukaphethiloli wezindiza.
Ukukhetha Uphahla Lwangaphakathi Nolwangaphandle
Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwamathangi anophahla olungantanti luvamile ukugcina indawo yomkhiqizo ivaliwe futhi ihlolwe. Kuphethiloli wezindiza, igobolondo osevele unalo kanye nobubanzi bephrojekthi ngokuvamile kunciphisa lokhu ngaphambi kwengxabano yomkhiqizo; ukukhetha kushintsha uhlobo lwedeski, isigaba sokuvikela, ukufinyelela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola.
Uphethiloli wezindiza uhlungwa ngemikhawulo eqinile yezinhlayiyana namanzi, ngakho ideski nokuvikela akumele kukhiphe imicu noma kubambe amanzi okuthi kamuva akhuphukele endaweni yokudonsa.
Imikhawulo Yesevisi Nezithiyo
Ukulawulwa kwamanzi phansi, ukuhlunga kanye nokuhlanzeka kwe-electrostatic kunciphisa izinto zophahla nezingxenye zokuvala. Le mikhawulo ibeka uhlobo lwedekhi, into yokuvala kanye nanoma yikuphi ukushisisa, ukugcoba noma ukufaka isembozo okudingwa yi-Jet Fuel; ukuzisho kuqala kugwema uphahla olungeke lukwazi ukumelana nomsebenzi.
Iphrofayela Yezingozi
Ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo ezincane, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kanye nokukhishwa kukagesi omile ngesikhathi sokugcwaliswa nguphethiloli yizingozi eziyinhloko. Ku-Jet Fuel ingozi ngayinye ihambisana nokulawula okuthile - isigaba sokuvalwa, ukuxhuma, ukuqapha isikhala somgogodla noma inqubo yokungena - esikhundleni senothi ejwayelekile yokuphepha.
Indlela Yokukhetha Nokuklama
Indlela ephindwayo igcina ukukhetha kuvikelekile kumathangi afanayo:
1. Gxila ekukhetheni kuphethiloli wendiza: qinisekisa ingcindezi yomhwamuko kanye nephuzu lokukhanyisa ezingeni lokushisa langempela lokugcina, hhayi ezimweni ezijwayelekile.
2. Linganisa uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba komlenze kusukela kububanzi bethangi, ukushintshwa kanye nevolumu edingekayo ye-Jet Fuel.
3. Khetha okwangaphakathi noma okwangaphandle kusukela kugobolondo oselukhona kanye nomthetho wokukhishwa okusebenzayo.
4. Setha isigaba sokuvimbela sokuqala nesesibili kusukela engcupheni yamafutha endiza kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL okukudala.
5. Hlanganisa umklamo ne-API 650, API 2000, kanye namazinga okusingatha amafutha esikhumulweni sezindiza/ezokuvikela ukuze kube nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. futhi unqume isikhawu sokuhlolwa kwe-API 653 ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Uhlaka Lokulinganisa (Oluyisibonelo, Hhayi Isibalo Seprojekthi)
Ekuhloleni kokulawula umhwamuko wamafutha endiza, ubudlelwano obusetshenziselwa ukuhlola yilobu:
Ukulahleka okulawulekayo okulinganiselwe kuyehla njengoba igebe lokuvala nokulingana kwedekhi kuthuthuka; hlola nge: Ukulahleka ∝ igebe × umjikelezo × isici sokucindezela komhwamuko.
Amavelu okuhlola okulawula umhwamuko we-Jet Fuel angezansi ayizibonelo futhi akhona ukukhombisa indlela; awazona izilinganiso zesiza ezivela kuphrojekthi eqanjiwe futhi kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa.
Okokufaka | Inani eliyisibonelo | Kungani kubalulekile |
Igebe lokuvala (isibonelo) | 12 mm vs 6 mm | Ukwehlisa igebe ngesigamu kwehlisa ukulahleka komphetho cishe ngesigamu |
Umjikelezo wethangi (isibonelo) | 200 m | Kubeka umjikelezo wokukhishwa |
Isici sokucindezela komhwamuko | Kuncike kumkhiqizo | Kushayela izinga, hhayi indlela |
Ikilasi lokuvala | Okukodwa vs okukabili | Isivalo esikabili sinciphisa indlela evulekile |
Ekuhlolweni kokulawulwa komhwamuko we-Jet Fuel, iphuzu liwuhlobo lwendlela, hhayi inombolo: shono konke okokufaka, khombisa ukubala, bese uqhathanisa umphumela nomkhawulo wokuklama wokuhlola ukulawulwa komhwamuko we-Jet Fuel. Isibalo esisodwa esingasekelwe asikaze sishicilelwe njengokungathi iyiqiniso lephrojekthi yokuhlola ukulawulwa komhwamuko we-Jet Fuel.
Izindinganiso Nesisekelo Sokuhambisana
I-API 650, i-API 2000, kanye nezindinganiso zokuphatha uphethiloli zasezindaweni zezindiza/zezokuvikela mayelana nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Lezi zincwadi ezishicilelwe ziqinisekisa uhlobo lwophahla, isigaba sesivalo kanye nesikhathi sokuhlola se-Jet Fuel; ziyisisekelo sobunjiniyela, hhayi ukuhlelwa ngezigaba.
Isifinyezo Sokuqhathanisa
Isici | Lolu hlelo lokusebenza | Iphutha elivamile |
Isici | Umsebenzi we-Jet Fuel | Ithangi elijwayelekile |
Ukulawulwa komhwamuko | Kunqunywa ukuguquguquka kwe-jet fuel | Kuvame ukunganakwa |
Uhlobo lophahla | Kuqhutshwa ububanzi kanye nekhodi ye-jet fuel | Uphahla olungagudluki olujwayelekile |
Isigaba sesivalo | Kufaniswa nomthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo zikaphethiloli wejethi | Akucacisiwe |
Ukuhlola | I-API 650, i-API 2000, kanye namazinga okusingatha uphethiloli asezindaweni zezindiza/ezokuvikela ngekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. isisekelo | Ngokwesikhathi esithile |
Izindlela Ezivamile Zokwehluleka
· Okokugcinwa kukaphethiloli wejethi, igebe lesivalo nokulingana kwedekhi kubangela ukulahleka komhwamuko; izivalo eziphindwe kabili nokulingana okuqinile kuyakunciphisa.
· Ukugqwala ekugcinweni kukaphethiloli wejethi kulawulwa yi-CP, izinto zokumboza kanye nokuhlola ngokwe-API 653.
· Okokugcinwa kukaphethiloli wejethi, isivalo somgogodla sishiswa ugesi ocwebile, umbani noma umsebenzi oshisayo; ukulawula isigaba sesivalo, ukuxhuma kanye nohlelo lwegwebu.
Izinto Zeshidi Ledatha Okufanele Zichazwe Kusukela Ekuqaleni
Into | Kungani |
Into | Kungani kubalulekile kuphethiloli wejethi |
Umkhiqizo ogciniwe nengcindezi yomhwamuko | Kubeka uphahla nesigaba sesivalo |
Ububanzi bethangi nokushintshwa | Kubeka uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba komlenze |
Ikhodi yokuklama nomthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo | Kubeka indlela yokuhambisana |
Isigaba sesivalo sikaphethiloli wejethi | Kubeka ukulawula umhwamuko nomlilo |
Isikhathi sokuhlola | Kubeka izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila |
Amaphutha Ajwayelekile Okucaciswa
· Ukukhetha uhlobo lwophahla ngaphambi kokusho ukuguquguquka kukaphethiloli wejethi.
· Ukuphatha zonke izigaba zikaphethiloli wejethi njengomsebenzi owodwa.
· Ukucacisa isigaba sokuvikela ngaphandle komthetho wokukhishwa kukaphethiloli wejethi.
· Ukushaya indiva ukuzungeza kwegobolondo ngaphambi kokusetha idekhi ye-Jet Fuel.
Ukusekelwa Kobunjiniyela Nezinyathelo Ezilandelayo
Ukuze kuqhubeke ukugcinwa kwe-Jet Fuel, thumela umkhiqizo ogciniwe kanye nokugxila kwawo, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, ingcindezi yomhwamuko kanye nephuzu lokushisa, ikhodi yokuklama, ububanzi bethangi, ivolumu edingekayo kanye nezinga lokushintsha. Unjiniyela ofanelekile bese esetha uhlobo lwephahla elintantayo lokugcina i-Jet Fuel, idekhi nesigaba sokuvikela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola - esikhundleni senothi ejwayelekile eligeja umsebenzi wangempela wokugcina i-Jet Fuel.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Kunini lapho uphahla oluntantayo ludingeka khona kuphethiloli wejethi?
Uphahla oluntantayo luyadingeka lapho ukuguquguquka komkhiqizo, isitoko kanye nemithetho esebenzayo yokukhishwa komoya noma yomlilo kwenza indawo yomhwamuko ibe yingozi yokulahlekelwa noma yokuphepha. Ku-Jet Fuel lokhu kuhlolwa kusukela ekucindezelweni komhwamuko, ububanzi bethangi kanye nomthetho ofanele.
2. Uphahla lwangaphakathi noma lwangaphandle lwe-jet fuel?
Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwamathangi anophahla olungagxilile luvamile ukugcina umkhakha womkhiqizo uvaliwe futhi uhlolakale.
3. Iyiphi ikilasi le-seal elisetshenziselwa i-jet fuel?
Ikilasi le-seal lilandela umthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo kanye nobungozi bomkhiqizo; ama-seal esibili ngokuvamile afakwa emoyeni noma afakwa oketshezini kuye ngomsebenzi kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL.
4. Yimiphi imigomo esebenza kumathangi e-jet fuel anophahla oluntantayo?
I-API 650, i-API 2000, kanye nemigomo yokuphatha uphethiloli yesikhumulo sezindiza/yezokuvikela yekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
5. Ukulahleka komhwamuko kulawulwa kanjani?
Ukulahleka komhwamuko ku-Jet Fuel kubangelwa igebe le-seal nokulingana kwedekhi; ama-seal aphindwe kabili kanye nokubekezelelana okuqinile kunciphisa izinto ezikhishwayo.
6. Yisiphi isisekelo sokuhlola esisebenza?
Ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kwenkonzo yamathangi e-Jet Fuel anophahla oluntantayo kulandela i-API 653; isimo saphansi, se-shell, sophahla kanye ne-seal sihlolwa ngokwesisekelo sobungozi ngesikhathi esibekwe umgomo.
7. Ingabe uphahla olulodwa lungasebenza imikhiqizo eminingi?
Kuphela lapho imikhiqizo yabelana ngamazinga okuguquguquka nokuhambisana; uma kungenjalo isivalo nempahla kufanele kuqinisekiswe kabusha ngomkhiqizo ngamunye.
Iphahla Elintantayo Lokugcina Uphethiloli Wendiza (Uphethiloli Wensimbi Yendiza) kunqunywa umkhiqizo ogciniwe othile, ingcindezi yawo yomhwamuko, izinga lokushisa, indawo yokugqwala kanye nekhodi esebenzayo - hhayi umkhuba. Qala ezimweni zokusebenza, uzihlanganise nohlobo olulungile lwephahla elintantayo kanye nezinga lokuvimbela, bese uqinisekisa ukubekezelelana kwedekhi, isivalo kanye nogqoko ngokwesilinganiso esikhethiwe. Lapho kudingeka khona izilinganiso eziqondene nephrojekthi, inani lamathangi noma umthamo, qinisekisa lokho ngokumelene nerekhodi lethangi eliqinisekisiwe ngaphambi kokuqedela incazelo.
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