Uphahla Oluntantayo Lwengqolobane Kaphethiloli Ne-Benzene NESHAP
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Uphahla Oluntantayo Lokugcina I-Petroli Ne-Benzene NESHAP
I-petroli iwumkhiqizo ojwayelekile wophahla oluntantayo: ingcindezi ephezulu yomhwamuko kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-benzene kwenza ukulawula ukulahleka komhwamuko nokuphepha komlilo kube yizinto eziyinhloko zomklamo. Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphandle emathangini amakhulu e-petroli; uphahla lwangaphakathi lapho uphahla olungaguquki lukhona. Ukukhetha kufanele kulandele izimo zesevisi kanye nekhodi esebenzayo, hhayi ukuthanda okuzenzakalelayo.
Kungani Uphahla Oluntantayo Lusetshenziswa Ku-Petroli
I-petroli iwumkhiqizo ojwayelekile wophahla oluntantayo: umfutho womhwamuko ophezulu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-benzene kwenza ukulawulwa kokulahleka komhwamuko nokuphepha komlilo kube yizinto eziyinhloko zokuklama. I-deck ihamba phezu koketshezi futhi isusa ingxenye enkulu yesikhala esingaphezulu ebingashiywa uphahla olungagxilile phezu komkhiqizo, okuwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokulahleka komhwamuko nokuphepha kwe-Petroli.
Ukukhetha Uphahla Lwangaphakathi Nolwangaphandle
Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphandle emathangini amakhulu e-petroli; uphahla lwangaphakathi lapho uphahla olungagxilile olukhona lugcinwa. Ku-Petroli, iqokobhe osuvele unalo kanye nobubanzi bephrojekthi ngokuvamile kunciphisa lokhu ngaphambi kwengxoxo yomkhiqizo; ukukhetha kushintsha uhlobo lwe-deck, isigaba se-seal, ukufinyelela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola.
Iphuzu lokushisa eliphansi le-Petroli lisho ukuthi isikhala somugqa singahlala ngaphezu kwe-LFL ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ngakho ama-seal akabili, ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kanye nohlelo lwegwebu olusebenza ngokushesha akunakuxoxiswana ngakho.
Imikhawulo Yesevisi Nezithiyo
I-Benzene NESHAP kanye nokulawulwa kwe-LFL kulungisa isigaba se-seal kanye nemfuneko yokuqapha indawo yomngcele. Le mikhawulo ibeka uhlobo lwedekhi, into yokufakwa kwe-seal kanye nanoma yikuphi ukushisisa, ukugcoba noma ukufaka ulayini okudingwa yi-Gasoline; ukukusho kuqala kugwema uphahla olungeke lukwazi ukumelana nomsebenzi.
Isimo Sokuhlasela
Ukuqhuma kwesikhala somhwamuko ezimpawini ezinokukhubazeka kanye nomlilo wesikhala somngcele womphetho yimiphumela yokwehluleka eyinhloko. Ku-Gasoline ingozi ngayinye ihambisana nokulawula okuthile - isigaba sokuvimbela, ukubopha, ukuqapha isikhala somngcele womphetho noma inqubo yokungena - esikhundleni senothi ejwayelekile yokuphepha.
Indlela Yokukhetha Nokuklama
Indlela ephindwayo igcina ukukhetha kuvikelekile kumathangi afanayo:
1. Bopha ukukhetha ku-gasoline: qinisekisa ingcindezi yayo yomhwamuko kanye nephuzu lokukhanya ekushiseni kwangempela kokugcina, hhayi ezimweni ezijwayelekile.
2. Linganisa uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba komlenze kusukela kububanzi bethangi, ukushintshwa kanye nevolumu edingekayo ye-Gasoline.
3. Khetha okwangaphakathi noma okwangaphandle kusukela kugobolondo osele likhona kanye nomthetho wokukhishwa komoya osebenzayo.
4. Setha isigaba se-seal esiyinhloko nesesibili kusukela engcupheni ye-petroli kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL okukudalayo.
5. Hlanganisa umklamo ne-API 650, API 2000, NFPA 30, EPA 40 CFR 63 Subpart CC (Benzene NESHAP). futhi ulungise isikhawu sokuhlola se-API 653 ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Uhlaka Lokulinganisa (Isibonelo, Hhayi Isibalo Sephrojekthi)
Ubudlelwano bokuhlola kokulawula umhwamuko we-petroli yilobu:
Ukulahleka okulawulekayo okulinganiselwe kuyehla njengoba igebe le-seal nokulingana kwedekhi kuthuthuka; hlola nge: Ukulahleka ∝ igebe × umjikelezo × isici sengcindezi yomhwamuko.
Amavelu okuhlola okulawula umhwamuko we-Gasoline angezansi ayizibonelo futhi akhona ukukhombisa indlela; awazona izilinganiso zesiza ezivela kuphrojekthi eqanjiwe futhi kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa.
Okokufaka | Inani eliyisibonelo | Kungani kubalulekile |
Igebe le-seal (isibonelo) | 12 mm vs 6 mm | Ukwehlisa igebe ngesigamu kwehlisa ukulahleka komngcele cishe ngesigamu |
Umjikelezo wethangi (isibonelo) | 200 m | Ibeke umjikelezo wokukhishwa |
Isici sengcindezi yomhwamuko | Kuncike kumkhiqizo | Kushayela izinga, hhayi indlela |
Isigaba se-seal | Okukodwa vs okukabili | Ukuvalwa okukabili kunciphisa indlela evulekile |
Ngokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko kaphethiloli, landela indlela, hhayi inombolo: bhala konke okokufaka, khombisa ukusebenza, bese uhlola umphumela ngokumelene nomkhawulo wokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko kaphethiloli. Akukho sibalo esisodwa esingasekelwe esethulwa njengeqiniso lokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko kaphethiloli.
Izindinganiso Nesisekelo Sokuhambisana
API 650, API 2000, NFPA 30, EPA 40 CFR 63 Subpart CC (Benzene NESHAP). Lezi zinkomba ezishicilelwe ziqinisekisa uhlobo lwophahla, isigaba sokuvaleleka nesikhathi sokuhlolwa sikaphethiloli; ziyisisekelo sobunjiniyela, hhayi ukuhlelwa ngezigaba.
Isifinyezo Sokuqhathanisa
Isici | Lolu hlelo lokusebenza | Iphutha elivamile |
Isici | Umsebenzi kaphethiloli | Ithangi elijwayelekile |
Ukulawulwa komhwamuko | Kusethwa ukuguquguquka kaphethiloli | Kuvame ukunganakwa |
Uhlobo lophahla | Kuqhutshwa ububanzi nekhodi kaphethiloli | Uphahla olungagudluki oluyisisekelo |
Isigaba sokuvaleleka | Kufaniswa nomthetho wokukhishwa komoya kaphethiloli | Akucacisiwe |
Ukuhlolwa | I-API 650, i-API 2000, i-NFPA 30, i-EPA 40 CFR 63 Subpart CC (i-Benzene NESHAP). isisekelo | Isikhashana |
Izindlela Zokwehluleka Ezivamile
· Ukulahleka komhwamuko ekugcinweni kukaphethiloli kubangelwa igebe lesivalo nokulingana kwedekhi; izivalo eziphindwe kabili nokulingana okuqinile kunciphisa ukukhishwa.
· Ukugqwala ekugcinweni kukaphethiloli kulawulwa yi-CP, izembatho kanye nokuhlolwa ngokwe-API 653.
· Imililo yezivalo zamathayi ekugcinweni kukaphethiloli iqala ekukhishweni kukagesi womile, umbani noma umsebenzi oshisayo; isigaba sesivalo, ukuxhumana kanye nezinhlelo zegwebu zilawula ingozi.
Izinto Zeshidi Ledatha Okufanele Zichazwe Kusukela Ekuqaleni
Into | Kungani |
Into | Kungani kubalulekile kuphethiloli |
Umkhiqizo ogciniwe nengcindezi yomhwamuko | Kubeka uphahla nesigaba sesivalo |
Ububanzi bethangi nokushintshwa | Kubeka uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba komlenze |
Ikhodi yokuklama nomthetho wokukhishwa | Kubeka indlela yokuhambisana |
Isigaba sesivalo sikaphethiloli | Kubeka ukulawula umhwamuko nomlilo |
Isikhathi sokuhlolwa | Kubeka izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila |
Amaphutha Avamile Okucacisa
· Ukukhetha uhlobo lwophahla ngaphambi kokusho ukuguquguquka kukaphethiloli.
· Ukuphatha wonke amazinga kaphethiloli njengomsebenzi owodwa.
· Ukucacisa isigaba sokuvimbela ngaphandle komthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo zikaphethiloli.
· Ukushaya indiva ukuzungeza kwegobolondo ngaphambi kokusetha idekhi likaPhethiloli.
Ukusekelwa Kobunjiniyela Nezinyathelo Ezilandelayo
Ukuqhubekisela phambili ukugcinwa kukaPhethiloli, thumela umkhiqizo ogciniwe kanye nokugxila kwawo, izinga lokushisa lensizakalo, ingcindezi yomhwamuko kanye nephuzu lokushisa, ikhodi yokuklama, ububanzi bethangi, umthamo odingekayo kanye nezinga lokushintshwa. Unjiniyela ofanelekile bese esetha uhlobo lwephahla elintantayo lokugcinwa kukaPhethiloli, idekhi kanye nesigaba sokuvimbela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola - esikhundleni senothi ejwayelekile eligeja umsebenzi wangempela wokugcinwa kukaPhethiloli.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Kunini lapho iphahla elintantayo lidingeka khona kuphethiloli?
Uphahla oluntantayo luyadingeka lapho ukuguquguquka komkhiqizo, isitoko kanye nemikhawulo yokukhishwa komoya noma umthetho womlilo kwenze indawo yomhwamuko ibe yingozi yokulahlekelwa noma yokuphepha. Ku-Gasoline lokhu kuhlolwa kusukela ekucindezelweni komhwamuko, ububanzi bethangi kanye nomthetho ofanele.
2. Uphahla lwangaphakathi noma lwangaphandle lwe-petroli?
Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphandle emathangini amakhulu e-petroli; uphahla lwangaphakathi lapho uphahla olungagxili olukhona lugcinwa.
3. Iyiphi ikilasi lesivalo esisetshenziswa ku-petroli?
Ikilasi lesivalo lilandela umthetho wokukhishwa komoya kanye nobungozi bomkhiqizo; izivalo zesibili ngokuvamile zifakwa emoyeni noma zifakwa oketshezini kuye ngomsebenzi kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL.
4. Yimiphi imigomo esebenza emathangini e-petroli anophahla oluntantayo?
API 650, API 2000, NFPA 30, EPA 40 CFR 63 Subpart CC (Benzene NESHAP).
5. Ukulahleka komoya kuyalawulwa kanjani?
Ku-Petroli, umoya uphuma ngokusebenzisa isikhala sesivalo nokungalingani kahle kwedekhi, ngakho izivalo eziphindwe kabili kanye nokulingana okuqinile kuyakunciphisa.
6. Yisiphi isisekelo sokuhlola esisebenza?
Ukuhlola okusebenzayo emathangini e-petroli anophahla oluntantayo kulandela i-API 653; isimo saphansi, ugobolondo, uphahla kanye nesivalo kuhlolwa ngokwesisekelo sobungozi ngesikhathi esibekwe umgomo.
7. Ingabe uphahla olufanayo lungasebenza imikhiqizo eminingi?
Kuphela lapho imikhiqizo yabelana ngamazinga okuguquguquka nokuhambisana; ngaphandle kwalokho ukuvimbela nempahla kufanele kuqinisekiswe kabusha ngomkhiqizo ngamunye.
Iphahla Elintantayo Lokugcina Uphethiloli Ne-Benzene NESHAP kunqunywa umkhiqizo ogciniwe othile, ingcindezi yawo yomhwamuko, izinga lokushisa, indawo yokugqwala kanye nekhodi esebenzayo - hhayi umkhuba. Qala ngezimo zokusebenza, uzihlanganise nohlobo olufanele lwephahla elintantayo kanye nekilasi lesivalo, bese uqinisekisa ukubekezelelana kwedekhi, isivalo kanye nogobolondo ngokumelene nezinga elikhethiwe. Lapho kudingeka ubukhulu obuqondene nephrojekthi, inani lamathangi noma umthamo, qinisekisa lokho ngokumelene nerekhodi eliqinisekisiwe lethangi ngaphambi kokuqedela incazelo.
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