Uphahla Oluntantayo Lokugcina Udizili Noyisigamu
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Uphahla Oluntantayo Lokugcina Idizili Noyisigamu
Idizili noyisigamu kuyimikhiqizo enengcindezi yomhwamuko ephansi kunophethiloli, ngakho ukukhethwa kophahla oluntantayo kuncike emithethweni yokukhishwa komoya kanye nokuncipha komthamo kunengcindezi yomhwamuko womlilo kuphela. Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphakathi luvamile emathangini amancane edizili; uphahla lwangaphandle lusetshenziswa lapho ububanzi nesamba sikhulu. Ukukhethwa kufanele kulandele izimo zokusebenza kanye nekhodi esebenzayo, hhayi ukuthanda okuzenzakalelayo.
Kungani Uphahla Oluntantayo Lusetshenziselwa Idizili
UDizili kanye namafutha egesi yimikhiqizo enomfutho womhwamuko ophansi kunophethiloli, ngakho-ke ukukhethwa kophahla oluntantayo kuncike emithethweni yokukhishwa komoya kanye nokuncipha komthamo kunomfutho womhwamuko womlilo kuphela. Uphahla luhamba phezu koketshezi futhi lususa ingxenye enkulu yesikhala esingaphezulu okungashiywa uphahla olungagudluki phezu komkhiqizo, okuwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokulahleka komhwamuko nokuphepha kuDizili.
Ukukhetha Uphahla Lwangaphakathi Nolwangaphandle
Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphakathi luvamile emathangini amancane edizili; uphahla lwangaphandle lusetshenziswa lapho ububanzi kanye nenani lempahla kukhulu. KuDizili, ugobolondo onalo kakade kanye nobubanzi bephrojekthi ngokuvamile kuyaxazulula lokhu ngaphambi kwengxoxo yomkhiqizo; ukukhetha kushintsha uhlobo lwephakethe, izinga lokuvimbela, ukufinyelela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola.
Ngenxa yokuthi udizili uvame ukudonswa phansi futhi ugcwaliswe kabusha ngomjikelezo osheshayo, idreyini yephakethe kanye nesikhwama somlenze kufanele kubhekane nokuhamba okuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokubamba amanzi akhulisa ukukhula kwemicrobial.
Imikhawulo Yesevisi Nezithiyo
Ukuhamba okubandayo nokuphathwa kwe-wax ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi, kanye nokukhula kwe-microbial ngaphansi kwamanzi, kuhlela ukucaciswa kophahla naphansi. Le mikhawulo ibeka uhlobo lwedekhi, into yokuvala kanye nanoma yikuphi ukushisisa, ukumboza noma ukufaka ulayini okudingwa yi-Diesel; ukukusho kuqala kugwema uphahla olungeke lukwazi ukumelana nomsebenzi.
Iphrofayela Yezingozi
Ukugqwala okuthonywe yizinto eziphilayo emhlabathini wamanzi kanye nokunqwabelana okumile ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa ngokushesha yizingozi eziyisisekelo. Kwi-Diesel ingozi ngayinye ihambisana nokulawula okuthile - izinga lokuvala, ukuxhumanisa, ukuqapha indawo yomgqomo noma inqubo yokungena - esikhundleni senothi elijwayelekile lokuphepha.
Indlela Yokukhetha Nokuklama
Indlela ephindwayo igcina ukukhetha kuvikelekile kumathangi afanayo:
1. Gxila ekukhetheni i-diesel: qinisekisa ingcindezi yayo yomhwamuko kanye nephuzu lokukhanya ezingeni lokushisa langempela lokugcina, hhayi ezimweni ezijwayelekile.
2. Linganisa uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba komlenze kusukela kububanzi bethangi, ukushintshwa kanye nevolumu edingekayo ye-Diesel.
3. Khetha okwangaphakathi noma okwangaphandle kusukela kugobolondo oselukhona kanye nomthetho wokukhishwa kwezinto ogqamile.
4. Setha isigaba sokuvimbela sokuqala nesesibili kusukela engcupheni yedizili kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL okukudalayo.
5. Hlanganisa umklamo ne-API 650, API 2000, kanye namakhodi endawo okugcina uphethiloli; imishini esohlwini lwe-UL lapho kufanele khona. futhi lungisa isikhawu sokuhlola se-API 653 ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Uhlaka Lokulinganisa (Oluyisibonelo, Hhayi Isibalo Sephrojekthi)
Sebenzisa lobu budlelwano ukuhlola ukulawulwa komhwamuko wedizili ngaphambi kokuzibophezela enombolweni:
Ukulahlekelwa okulawulekayo okulinganiselwe kuyehla njengoba igebe lokuvala nokulingana kwedekhi kuthuthuka; hlola nge: Ukulahlekelwa ∝ igebe × umjikelezo × isici sengcindezi yomhwamuko.
Okokufaka okungezansi kokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko we-Diesel kuyizibonelo ukukhombisa indlela; akusona inani elikalisiwe kunoma yiphi iphrojekthi eqanjiwe yokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko we-Diesel futhi kufanele kushintshwe ngedatha yendawo eqinisekisiwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Okokufaka | Inani eliyisibonelo | Kungani kubalulekile |
Igebe lokuvala (isibonelo) | 12 mm vs 6 mm | Ukwehlisa igebe ngesigamu kwehlisa ukulahlekelwa komjikelezo cishe ngesigamu |
Umjikelezo wethangi (isibonelo) | 200 m | Ibeke umjikelezo wokukhishwa |
Isici sengcindezi yomhwamuko | Kuncike kumkhiqizo | Kushayela izinga, hhayi indlela |
Ikilasi lokuvaleleka | Okukodwa vs okukabili | Ukuvaleka okukabili kunciphisa indlela evulekile |
Ngokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko we-Diesel, landela indlela, hhayi inombolo: bhala konke okokufaka, khombisa ukusebenza, bese uhlola umphumela ngokumelene nomkhawulo wokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko we-Diesel. Akukho sibalo esisodwa esingasekelwe esethulwa njengeqiniso lokuhlolwa kokulawulwa komhwamuko we-Diesel.
Izindinganiso Nesisekelo Sokuhambisana
I-API 650, i-API 2000, namakhodi endawo okugcina uphethiloli; imishini esohlwini lwe-UL lapho kufanele khona. Lezi zincwadi ezishicilelwe ziqinisekisa uhlobo lwophahla, ikilasi lokuvaleleka nesikhathi sokuhlolwa se-Diesel; ziyisisekelo sobunjiniyela, hhayi ukuhlela.
Isifinyezo Sokuqhathanisa
Isici | Lolu hlelo lokusebenza | Iphutha elivamile |
Isici | Umsebenzi we-Diesel | Ithangi elijwayelekile |
Ukulawulwa komhwamuko | Kusetwa ukuguquguquka kwe-diesel | Kuvame ukunganakwa |
Uhlobo lwophahla | Kuqhutshwa ububanzi nekhodi ye-diesel | Uphahla olungagxiliwe lokuzenzakalela |
Ikilasi lokuvaleleka | Kufaniswa nomthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo zikadizili | Akucacisiwe |
Ukuhlolwa | I-API 650, i-API 2000, kanye namakhodi endawo okugcina uphethiloli; imishini esohlwini lwe-UL lapho kusebenza khona. isisekelo | Ngokwesikhathi esithile |
Izindlela Ezivamile Zokwehluleka
· Ukulahleka komhwamuko endaweni yokugcina uDizili kubangelwa igebe lokuvikela nokulingana kwedekhi; izivikelo eziphindwe kabili nokulingana okuqinile kunciphisa izinto ezikhishwayo.
· Ukugqwala endaweni yokgcina uDizili kulawulwa yi-CP, izembozo kanye nokuhlolwa ngokwe-API 653.
· Imililo yezivikelo zamathayela endaweni yokugcina uDizili iqala ekukhishweni kukagesi omile, umbani noma umsebenzi oshisayo; isigaba sezikhiye, ukuxhuma kanye nezinhlelo zegwebu kulawula ingozi.
Izinto Zeshidi Ledatha Okufanele Zichazwe Kusukela Ekuqaleni
Into | Kungani |
Into | Kungani kubalulekile kuDizili |
Umkhiqizo ogciniwe nengcindezi yomhwamuko | Kubeka uphahla nesigaba sezikhiye |
Ububanzi bethangi nokushintshwa kwempahla | Kubeka uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba kwemilenze |
Ikhodi yokuklama nomthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo | Kubeka indlela yokuhambisana |
Isigaba sezikhiye sikadizili | Kubeka ukulawula umhwamuko nomlilo |
Isikhathi sokuhlola | Kubeka izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila |
Amaphutha Ajwayelekile Okucaciswa
· Ukukhetha uhlobo lwophahla ngaphambi kokusho ukuguquguquka kukadizili.
· Ukuphatha zonke izigaba zikadizili njengomsebenzi owodwa.
· Ukucacisa isigaba sokuvikela ngaphandle komthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo zikadizili.
· Ukunganaki ukuzungeza kwegobolondo ngaphambi kokubeka idekhi likaDizili.
Ukusekelwa Kobunjiniyela Nezinyathelo Ezilandelayo
Ekugcinweni kukaDizili, hlinzeka ngomkhiqizo ogciniwe, ukugxila, izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi yomhwamuko, ikhodi yokuklama, ububanzi bethangi, ivolumu edingekayo kanye nokushintshwa. Unjiniyela ofanelekile bese ekhetha uhlobo lwophahla lokugcina uDizili, idekhi nesigaba sokuvikela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola esikhundleni sesiphakamiso esibanzi.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Kuphahla elintantayo kudingeka nini kudizili?
Uphahla oluntantayo luyadingeka lapho ukuguquguquka komkhiqizo, isitoko kanye nemithetho esebenzayo yokukhishwa komoya noma yomlilo yenza indawo yomhwamuko ibe yingozi yokulahlekelwa noma yokuphepha. Kwi-Diesel lokhu kuhlolwa kusukela ekucindezelweni komhwamuko, ububanzi bethangi kanye nomthetho ofanele.
2. Uphahla lwangaphakathi noma lwangaphandle lwedizeli?
Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphakathi luvamile emathangini amancane edizeli; uphahla lwangaphandle lusetshenziswa lapho ububanzi nomthamo kukhulu.
3. Iyiphi ikilasi lesivalo esetshenziswa kudizeli?
Ikilasi lesivalo lilandela umthetho wokukhishwa komoya kanye nobungozi bomkhiqizo; izivalo zesibili ngokuvamile zifakwa emoyeni noma kuketshezi kuye ngomsebenzi kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL.
4. Yimiphi imigomo esebenza emathangini edizeli anophahla oluntantayo?
I-API 650, i-API 2000, kanye namakhodi endawo okugcina uphethiloli; imishini esohlwini lwe-UL lapho kufanele khona.
5. Ukulahleka komhwamuko kulawulwa kanjani?
Ekudizelini ukulahleka komhwamuko kulandela igebe lesivalo nokulingana kwedekhi; izivalo eziphindwe kabili kanye nokubekezelelana okuqinile yikho okulawulayo.
6. Yisiphi isisekelo sokuhlola esisebenza?
Isisekelo sokuhlola samathangi edizeli anophahla oluntantayo yi-API 653 lapho esetshenziswa; isimo saphansi, ugobolondo, uphahla kanye nesivalo kukalwa ngobungozi ngesikhathi esibekwe yikhodi.
7. Ingabe uphahla olufanayo lungasebenza imikhiqizo eminingi?
Kuphela lapho imikhiqizo yabelana ngamazinga okuguquguquka nokuhambisana; ngaphandle kwalokho izinga lokuvala nempahla kufanele kuqinisekiswe kabusha ngomkhiqizo ngamunye.
I-Floating Roof Yedizili Ne-Gas Oil Storage inqunywa umkhiqizo ogciniwe othile, ingcindezi yawo yomhwamuko, izinga lokushisa, indawo yokugqwala kanye nekhodi esebenzayo - hhayi umkhuba. Qala ezimweni zokusebenza, uzihlanganise nohlobo olulungile lwe-floating-roof kanye nekilasi le-seal, bese uqinisekisa ukubekezelelana kwedekhi, i-seal kanye nogobolondo ngokumelene nezinga elikhethiwe. Lapho kudingeka izilinganiso eziqondene nephrojekthi, inani lamathangi noma umthamo, ziqinisekise ngokumelene nerekhodi lethangi eliqinisekisiwe ngaphambi kokuqedela ukucaciswa.
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