Uphahla Oluntantayo Lwamathangi Okugcina Amakhemikhali
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Uphahla Oluntantayo Lwamathangi Okugcina Amakhemikhali
Ukugcinwa kwamakhemikhali kuhlanganisa uhla olubanzi lwezingozi, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kophahla oluntantayo kunqunywa icala ngalinye ngokushisa komhwamuko, ukusabela kanye nokuhambisana. Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphakathi lusetshenziswa lapho kukhona uphahla olungaguquki oluhambisanayo; uphahla lwangaphandle kuphela kumakhemikhali avuthayo afanelekile. Ukukhetha kufanele kulandele izimo zokusebenza kanye nekhodi esebenzayo, hhayi ukuthanda okuzenzakalelayo.
Kungani Uphahla Oluntantayo Lusetshenziselwa Amakhemikhali
Ukugcinwa kwamakhemikhali kuhlanganisa uhla olubanzi lwezingozi, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kophahla oluntantayo kunqunywa icala ngalinye ngokushisa komhwamuko, ukusabela kanye nokuhambisana. Ideski lihamba phezu koketshezi futhi lisusa iningi lesikhala sengqondo umpheme ongaguquki ongalushiya ngaphezu komkhiqizo, okuwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokuhwamuka nokulahlekelwa ukuphepha kweChemical.
Ukukhetha Uphahla Lwangaphakathi Nolwangaphandle
Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphakathi lusetshenziswa lapho kukhona uphahla olungaguquki oluhambisanayo; uphahla lwangaphandle kuphela kumakhemikhali anomhwamuko ofanelekile. KweChemical, igobolondo onalo kakade kanye nobubanzi bephrojekthi ngokuvamile kuxazulula lokhu ngaphambi kwengxabano yomkhiqizo; ukukhetha kushintsha uhlobo lwedeski, isigaba sokuvikela, ukufinyelela kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola.
Kumakhemikhali anobuthi noma asabelayo, ideski nokuvikela kufanele kumelane nohlobo oluthile; ukuvikela okujwayelekile kwe-hydrocarbon ngokuvamile akwamukeleki futhi kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngemininingwane yokumelana namakhemikhali.
Imikhawulo Yesevisi Nezithiyo
Ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali nezinto zokufaka uphawu kanye nedekhi yizona zinqumo ezibalulekile ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukukhetha kophahla oluntantayo. Le mikhawulo ibeka uhlobo lwedekhi, into yokufaka uphawu kanye nanoma yikuphi ukushisisa, ukugcoba noma ukufaka isembozo okudingwa yiKhemikhali; ukukusho kuqala kugwema uphahla olungeke lukwazi ukumelana nomsebenzi.
Isimo Sobungozi
Ukukhishwa komhwamuko onobuthi, ukusabela kanye nezinto ezingahambisani nayo yizingozi eziyinhloko. Kwezamakhemikhali ingozi ngayinye ihambisana nokulawula okuthile - izinga lokuvala, ukuxhumanisa, ukuqapha indawo yomphetho noma inqubo yokungena - esikhundleni senothi elijwayelekile lokuphepha.
Indlela Yokukhetha Nokuklama
Indlela ephindwayo igcina ukukhetha kuvikelekile kumathangi afanayo:
1. Gxilisa ukukhetha kumakhemikhali: qinisekisa umfutho womhwamuko kanye nephuzu lokusha ezingeni lokushisa langempela lokugcina, hhayi ezimweni ezijwayelekile.
2. Linganisa uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba komlenze kusukela kububanzi bethangi, ukushintshwa kanye nevolumu edingekayo yamakhemikhali.
3. Khetha okwangaphakathi noma okwangaphandle kusukela kugobolondo oselukhona kanye nomthetho wokukhishwa okusebenzayo.
4. Setha izinga lesivalo sokuqala nesesibili kusukela engozini yamakhemikhali kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL okukudalayo.
5. Hlanganisa umklamo ne-API 650, i-API 2000, namakhodi aqondene namakhemikhali (isb., i-NFPA 30 yoketshezi oluvuthayo). futhi ulungise isikhawu sokuhlola se-API 653 ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Uhlaka Lokulinganisa (Oluyisibonelo, Hhayi Isibalo Sephrojekthi)
Ubudlelwano bokuhlola kokulawula umhwamuko wamakhemikhali yilobu:
Ukulahleka okulawulekayo okulinganiselwe kuyehla njengoba igebe lokufaka uphawu nokulingana kwedekhi kuthuthuka; hlola nge: Ukulahleka ∝ igebe × umjikelezo × isici somfutho womhwamuko.
Okokufaka okungezansi kokuhlolwa kokulawula umhwamuko weKhemikhali kuyizibonelo ukukhombisa indlela; akusona inani elilinganisiwe lanoma yiphi iphrojekthi eqanjiwe yokuhlolwa kokulawula umhwamuko weKhemikhali futhi kufanele kushintshwe ngedatha yendawo eqinisekisiwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Okokufaka | Inani eliyisibonelo | Kungani kubalulekile |
Igebe lokufaka uphawu (isibonelo) | 12 mm vs 6 mm | Ukwehlisa igebe ngesigamu kwehlisa ukulahleka komgogodla cishe ngesigamu |
Umjikelezo wethangi (isibonelo) | 200 m | Kubeka umjikelezo wokukhishwa |
Isici somfutho womhwamuko | Kuncike kumkhiqizo | Kushayela izinga, hhayi indlela |
Ikilasi lokuvikela | Okukodwa vs okukabili | Ukuvikela okukabili kunciphisa indlela evulekile |
Ekuhlolweni kokulawulwa komhwamuko wamakhemikhali isifundo siwukuthi indlela ingaphambi kwenombolo: chaza okokufaka, khombisa izibalo, bese ukuhlola ngokumelene nomkhawulo wokuklama wokuhlola kokulawulwa komhwamuko wamakhemikhali. Isibalo esingasekelwe asikaze sikhombiswe njengenani lephrojekthi yokuhlola kokulawulwa komhwamuko wamakhemikhali.
Isisekelo Samazinga Nokuhambisana
I-API 650, i-API 2000, namakhodi aqondene namakhemikhali (isb., i-NFPA 30 yoketshezi oluvuthayo). Lezi zinkomba ezishicilelwe ziqinisekisa uhlobo lwophahla, ikilasi lokuvikela nesikhathi sokuphindwa kokuhlolwa kwe-Chemical; ziyisisekelo sobunjiniyela, hhayi ukuhlelwa.
Isifinyezo Sokuqhathanisa
Isici | Lolu hlelo lokusebenza | Iphutha elivamile |
Isici | Umsebenzi wamakhemikhali | Ithangi elijwayelekile |
Ukulawulwa komhwamuko | Kusetwa ukuguquguquka kwamakhemikhali | Kuvame ukunganakwa |
Uhlobo lophahla | Kushayelwa ububanzi nekhodi yamakhemikhali | Uphahla olungaguquki olujwayelekile |
Ikilasi lokuvimbela | Kufaniswa nomthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo zamakhemikhali | Akucacisiwe |
Ukuhlola | I-API 650, i-API 2000, namakhodi aqondene namakhemikhali (isb., i-NFPA 30 yezinto eziwuketshezi ezivuthayo). isisekelo | Ngokwesikhathi esithile |
Izindlela Ezivamile Zokwehluleka
· Okokugcina Amakhemikhali, igebe lokuvimbela nokulingana kwedekhi kubangela ukulahleka komhwamuko; izivimbelo eziphindwe kabili nokulingana okuqinile kuyakunciphisa.
· Ukugqwala ekugcinweni Kwamakhemikhali kulawulwa yi-CP, izinto zokumboza nokuhlola ngokwe-API 653.
· Okokugcina Amakhemikhali, isivimbelo somgqomo sishiswa ugesi ocwebile, umbani noma umsebenzi oshisayo; ukulawula yikilasi lokuvimbela, ukuxhuma kanye nohlelo lwegwebu.
Izinto Zeshidi Ledatha Okufanele Zichazwe Kusukela Ekuqaleni
Into | Kungani |
Into | Kungani kubalulekile Kumakhemikhali |
Umkhiqizo ogciniwe nengcindezi yomhwamuko | Kubeka uphahla nekilasi lokuvimbela |
Ububanzi bethangi nokushintshwa | Kubeka uhlobo lwedekhi nokuhamba komlenze |
Ikhodi yokuklama nomthetho wezinto ezikhishwayo | Kubeka indlela yokuhambisana |
Ikilasi lokuvimbela lamakhemikhali | Kubeka ukulawula umhwamuko nomlilo |
Isikhathi sokuhlola | Kubeka izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila |
Amaphutha Ajwayelekile Okucaciswa
· Ukukhetha uhlobo lwophahla ngaphambi kokusho ukuguquguquka kwamakhemikhali.
· Ukuphatha wonke amazinga amakhemikhali njengomsebenzi owodwa.
· Ukucacisa isigaba sokuvaleleka ngaphandle komthetho wokukhishwa kwamakhemikhali.
· Ukushaya indiva ukuzungeza kwegobolondo ngaphambi kokusetha idekhi Yamakhemikhali.
Ukusekelwa Kobunjiniyela Nezinyathelo Ezilandelayo
Ukuqhubekisela phambili ukugcinwa Kwamakhemikhali, thumela umkhiqizo ogciniwe kanye nokugxila kwawo, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, ingcindezi yomhwamuko kanye nephuzu lokushisa, ikhodi yokuklama, ububanzi bethangi, ivolumu edingekayo kanye nezinga lokushintshwa. Unjiniyela ofanelekile bese esetha uhlobo lwephahla elintantayo lokugcinwa Kwamakhemikhali, idekhi kanye nesigaba sokuvaleleka kanye nesisekelo sokuhlola - esikhundleni senothi ejwayelekile eligeja umsebenzi wangempela wokugcinwa Kwamakhemikhali.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Ngabe iphahla elintantayo liyadingeka nini kumakhemikhali?
Uphahla oluntantayo luyadingeka lapho ukuguquguquka komkhiqizo, isitoko kanye nemithetho esebenzayo yokukhishwa komoya noma yomlilo yenza indawo yomhwamuko ibe yingozi yokulahlekelwa noma yokuphepha. Kwezamakhemikhali lokhu kuhlolwa kusukela ekucindezelweni komhwamuko, ububanzi bethangi kanye nomthetho ofanele.
2. Uphahla lwangaphakathi noma lwangaphandle lwamakhemikhali?
Uphahla oluntantayo lwangaphakathi lusetshenziswa lapho kukhona uphahla olungaguquki oluhambisanayo; uphahla lwangaphandle lusetshenziswa kuphela kumakhemikhali anokuguquguquka afanelekile.
3. Iyiphi ikilasi lesivalo esisetshenziswa kumakhemikhali?
Ikilasi lesivalo lilandela umthetho wokukhishwa komoya kanye nobungozi bomkhiqizo; izivalo zesibili ngokuvamile zifakwa emoyeni noma kuketshezi kuye ngesevisi kanye nokuchayeka kwe-LFL.
4. Yimiphi imigomo esebenza emathangini amakhemikhali anophahla oluntantayo?
API 650, API 2000, kanye namakhodi aqondene namakhemikhali (isb., NFPA 30 yoketshezi oluvuthayo).
5. Ukulahleka komoya kuyalawulwa kanjani?
Kumakhemikhali, umoya uphuma ngokusebenzisa igebe lesivalo nokungafanelanga kahle kwedekhi, ngakho izivalo eziphindwe kabili kanye nokubekezelelana okuqinile kuyakunciphisa.
6. Yisiphi isisekelo sokuhlola esisebenza?
Isisekelo sokuhlola samathangi amakhemikhali anophahla oluntantayo yi-API 653 esetshenziswayo; isimo sangaphansi, ugobolondo, uphahla kanye nesivalo kukalwa ngobungozi ngesikhathi esibekwe yikhodi.
7. Ingabe uphahla olufanayo lungasebenza imikhiqizo eminingi?
Kuphela lapho imikhiqizo yabelana ngamazinga okuguquguquka nokuhambisana; ngaphandle kwalokho isivalo nempahla kufanele kuqinisekiswe kabusha ngomkhiqizo ngamunye.
I-Floating Roof Yezindawo Zokugcina Amakhemikhali inqunywa umkhiqizo ogciniwe othile, ingcindezi yawo yomhwamuko, izinga lokushisa, indawo yokugqwala kanye nekhodi esebenzayo - hhayi umkhuba. Qala ngezimo zokusebenza, uzihlanganise nohlobo olulungile lwe-floating-roof kanye nekilasi lesivalo, bese uqinisekisa ukubekezelelana kwedekhi, isivalo kanye nogqoko ngokumelene nezinga elikhethiwe. Lapho kudingeka khona izilinganiso eziqondene nephrojekthi, inani lamathangi noma umthamo, ziqinisekise ngokumelene nerekhodi lethangi eliqinisekisiwe ngaphambi kokuqedela incazelo.
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