Ukuhlolwa Kwethangi Lamanzi Esikhungo Sedatha Nokuhlolwa Kwesimo Sokumboza
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Ukuhlolwa Kwethangi Lamanzi Lesikhungo Sedatha Nokuhlolwa Kwesimo Sokumboza
Amathuba okuhlola ethangi lamanzi esikhungo sedatha awawona umthetho owodwa; alandela umsebenzi owenziwa yithangi. Ithangi lokucisha umlilo lingaphansi kohlelo lokuhlola lwe-NFPA 25, ngokuhlolwa kwangaphandle okujwayelekile kanye nokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi ngesikhathi eside. Ithangi lamanzi okuphuza noma lokucubungula linomthwalo wokuhlanzeka, ngakho-ke ukuhlanza nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yamanzi kuqhuba umjikelezo esikhundleni sekhalenda yomthetho. Igobolondo lensimbi elihlanganiswe nengilazi lihlolwa njengohlelo lokumboza ngokwalo, ngokuhlolwa kokuvuza kukagesi ophezulu wezimbobo ezincane, ukufundwa kobukhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nobukhulu bokumboza kwasefekthri, kanye nocwaningo lwemigodi nensimbi eveziwe, hhayi njengendawo evamile yensimbi enokugqwala. Intlenga iwukulahlekelwa komthamo okuthulile, ngoba ungqimba oluzinze lunciphisa umthamo osebenzisekayo osekuvele kucatshangwa ukuthi ungumgcini womlilo noma ibhalansi yenqubo. Konke ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kungumsebenzi wendawo evaliwe, futhi okuphetha ukuhlolwa yisethi yamarekhodi, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Kungani izikhawu zokuhlola zilandela umsebenzi kunomthetho owodwa
Isikhathi esibekelwe ithangi sincike kulokho elikwenzayo, kulokho elikugcinayo nokuthi ukwehluleka kungaba nomthelela onjani, futhi lezi zinto ezintathu azivezi impendulo efanayo. Ithangi lokuvikela umlilo likhona ukuze lilethe amanzi ngesikhathi esibekwe ukuhlolwa kwengcuphe komunye umuntu, ngakho-ke indlela yalo yokulawulwa ivela kumgangatho wokunakekela ukuvikela umlilo futhi ukwehluleka elikuvikelayo ukulahlekelwa umthamo. Ithangi lamanzi okuphuza linomthwalo ohlukile: ukungcola, okuphathwa ngokuhlanza nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umphumela kumnikazi ukuthi uhlelo olulodwa lwaminyaka yonke kulo lonke ipulazi lamathangi elixubile lungase lube luncane kakhulu kumsebenzi owodwa noma lube yimfucuza komunye. Uhlelo kufanele lwakhiwe ngokomsebenzi ngamunye, isikhawu sinamathele emsebenzini hhayi kurejista yempahla, futhi irekhodi ngalinye kufanele lisho umsebenzi walo, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Amathangi okuvikela umlilo kanye nohlelo lokuhlola lwe-NFPA 25
I-NFPA 25 ibeka uhlelo lokuhlola, ukuhlola nokugcinwa kwezinhlelo zokuvikela umlilo ezisekelwe emanzini, futhi ithangi liyingxenye yalo. Iphethini iwukuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke okujwayelekile kwangaphandle: ugobolondo lokugqwala noma ukulimala, uphahla nezingxenye zokuxhuma, izindawo zokungena komoya, ukuchichima, isikhombisi sezinga, amapayipi, izisekelo kanye nezinhlinzeko zokufinyelela, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kuza ngomjikelezo omude, ngokuvamile eminyakeni emihlanu yamathangi okugcina amanzi, futhi yisikhathi sokuhlola indawo yangaphakathi, isimo sokumboza noma sokufaka ulayini, izinto ezixhunywe ngokwesakhiwo kanye nenhlabathi. Yilona kuphela iphuzu lapho indawo emanzi ihlolwa khona futhi isimo senhlabathi nokumboza kukalwa, hhayi ukucatshangwa, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle kwaminyaka yonke: ugobolondo, uphahla, izindawo zokungena komoya, ukuchichima, isikhombisi sezinga, amapayipi, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi esikhathini eside, ngokuvamile iminyaka emihlanu yamathangi okugcina amanzi, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukuvakasha kwangaphakathi yikhona kuphela okuhlolwa ngakho indawo emanzi, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukujula kwentlenga nesimo sengubo kukalwa lapho, akucatshangelwa, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Irekhodi lethangi ngayinye kufanele ibize umsebenzi obeka isikhawu sayo, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Amathangi okuphuza kanye nezinqubo: inhlanzeko, ukuhlanza kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi
Lapho ithangi liphethe amanzi okuphuza noma amanzi angena emkhiqizweni, imfuneko yenhlanzeko ibeka umjikelezo kanye nendlela. Ingaphakathi kufanele lihlanjwe, futhi lapho amanzi engawokuphuza ithangi kufanele lihlanjwe ngamakhemikhali ngaphambi kokuba libuyele ekusebenzeni, ngokulandelana kanye nemibandela enikezwe izinga lokuhlanza ngamakhemikhali, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Ukuhlanza kuwumsebenzi olawulwayo: indlela kufanele ihambisane nengaphakathi, ngoba izinto zokuhlikihla namakhemikhali asusa inhlaka kukhonkolo zingalimaza isembozo, futhi ithangi kufanele ligcwaliswe futhi amanzi okugcwalisa alahlwe ngendlela efanele. Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yamanzi kube sekuphetha umjikelezo, ngoba ithangi elihlanziwe eligcwaliswe ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa selihlanziwe kuphela. Amathangi okucubungula ahlukile: umbandela umayelana nokucubungula, ngakho okuqukethwe kuyawulandela, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Ukuhlolwa kwesimo sokumboza kugobolondo lensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi
Igobolondo lensimbi elihlanganiswe nengilazi i-coating ye-vitreous enamel ephekwe efektri, futhi kufanele ihlolwe ngokuvumelana nezakhiwo eyakhiwe ngazo hhayi ngokumelene nendawo evamile yensimbi. Amanani ayisithenjwa yilawo i-coating eyakhiwe yawo: ephekwe ku-820 kuya ku-930 degrees Celsius, isetshenziswe ngobukhulu obungu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm, ngokunamathela kwama-newtons angu-3,450 ngesentimitha yesikwele kanye nobulukhuni be-Mohs obungu-6.0, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Ukuhlola kuqala ngokuhlolwa kokuvuza kukagesi ophezulu, okuyindlela i-coating ehlolwa ngayo ukuthi inazo yini izimbobo ezincane nezikhala, kulandele ukufundwa kobukhulu ukubona ukuthi i-enamel isekhona yini lapho ibikade ikhona. Ucwaningo lube selubheka izinhlobo zomonakalo i-enamel ekhombisayo: ukugqwaleka nensimbi evezile lapho i-coating yehlulekile khona, kanye nezindawo eziqoshiwe emaphethelweni nasemithanjeni lapho ukushayeka kwenzeke khona, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kukagesi ophezulu kwezimbobo ezincane nezingamabala ku-enamel, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Izilinganiso zobukhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nebanga elisetshenzisiwe elingu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukuhlola amachashazi, imiphetho eqoshiwe kanye nomonakalo wokushayisana endaweni yokushisela, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukunamathela kanye nobulukhuni kuyahlolwa lapho kwenziwe khona ukulungiswa, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukulungiswa kwendawo ngokwenqubo yasekuqaleni, bese kuphinde kuhlolwe, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Inzika kanye nomthamo osebenzisekayo ewususayo
I-sediment ukulahlekelwa komthamo okungaveli emdwebeni. Inqwabelana ngenxa yezinto eziqinile ezithwalwa amanzi, imikhiqizo yokugqwala yengubo engaphezulu kwayo kanye nemfucumfucu ethwalwa emugqeni wokugcwalisa, futhi ihla phansi njengongqimba olunciphisa umthamo olethwayo. Ethangini lomlilo lokulahlekelwa kuhlala kungabonakali kuze kube yilapho i-reserve ikhishwa, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Isilinganiso ukufundwa kokujula uma kuqhathaniswa nedatumi elisephansi, noma ucwaningo lweprobe kugridi, futhi kufanele kuphindwe ngendlela engaguquki, ngoba ukufundwa okukodwa endaweni eyodwa kuyisampula hhayi ucwaningo. Izibalo ezingezansi zisebenzisa ithangi elidayamitha elingu-10.0 m elinendawo yaphansi engu-78.5 m2 nomthamo wokuzisholo ongu-785 m3. Ukujula okuncane kususa umthamo okubalwe kuwo i-reserve, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Ukujula okuhleliwe | Umthamo osusiwe | Ingxenye yomthamo wokuzisholo ongu-785 m3 |
25 mm | 1.96 m3 | 0.25% |
50 mm | 3.93 m3 | 0.50% |
100 mm | 7.85 m3 | 1.00% |
Ukufinyelela, indawo evinjelwe kanye nohlelo lokuphepha lwezohlolo lwangaphakathi
Ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kwethangi elikhishiwe kuyinto yomsebenzi wendawo evaliwe edinga imvume, futhi leyo mfuneko ibumba uhlelo lokuhlola njengoba kwenza nokuhlolwa kwe-coating. Ithangi kufanele likhishwe amanzi, lihlukaniswe, linqanyaziswe futhi lifakwe umoya, ngoba indawo ingase ibe nomoya ongenawo umoya-mpilo noma ovuthayo. Ukuhlola kuhlanganisa umoya-mpilo, amagesi avuthayo nanobuthi, futhi izilinganiso kufanele ziqhubeke noma ziphindwe, ngoba isilinganiso esithathwe emnyango wesivalo asifani nesithathwe phansi, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Ukuhlenga ingxenye evame ukuhlelwa kancane. Uhlelo kufanele lusho ukuthi umngeni ulandwa kanjani, ubani osesimweni sokulinda ngaphandle, yiphi imishini esetshenziswayo, nokuthi ithangi lingeniswa kanjani ngaphandle kokudala ingozi okuzodingeka ukuhlenga kubhekane nayo. Lapho ukufinyelela kuyisitebhisi esiqondile, ukubuyiswa kusuka phezulu kuba umsebenzi ohlukile. Amalungiselelo kufanele abe semininingwaneni yokuhlola, ngoba asetha isikhathi sokuvalwa, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Iqoqo lamarekhodi elivala ukuhlola
Ukuhlolwa kuvalwa ngamarekhodi akho, futhi amarekhodi yiwo afundwa umhloli noma umhlinzeki womshuwalense lapho isimo sethangi sibuzwa. Isethi encane iyizilinganiso zesimo, umphumela wokuhlolwa kwekhodi, ukujula kwentlenga, izithombe, nobufakazi bokuthi zonke izinkinga ezitholakele zivaliwe. Ithangi elishiywe linezithombe ngaphandle kwezilinganiso alizange lihlolwe ngendlela evikelekile, ngoba ukuvakasha okulandelayo akunaso isisekelo, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe ekuhlolweni kwamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Irekhodi | Lokho elikuthwebulayo | Kungani kudingeka kamuva |
Izilinganiso zesimo | Ukubonwa kwegobolondo nekhodi, izinga, izinga lokushisa | Isisekelo sokuhlolwa okulandelayo |
Ukuhlolwa kwekhodi | Ukuhlolwa kokuvuza, izilinganiso zokujiya, ucwaningo lwezinkinga | Ukuthi ingabe indawo emanzi ivikela insimbi yini |
Ukujula kwentlenga | Izilinganiso zokujula kugridi okuvunyelwene ngayo | Umthamo osebenzayo obalelwa ithangi |
Ukuvalwa kwezinkinga nokulungiswa | Umbiko ngamunye, ukulungiswa kanye nokuhlolwa kabusha | Ukuthi umbiko uvaliwe, awukabhalwa |
Irekhodi lokungena nokuphepha | Imvume, izilinganiso zegesi, umsizi, ukutakulwa | Ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwakusemthethweni |
Ukuhlela ukuhlolwa ngokutholakala kwethangi
Ukuhlolwa kufanele kuhlelwe ngokomsebenzi wethangi, ngoba ithangi elingasebenzi ngokuvamile lingasebenzi ngesikhathi esibi kakhulu. Amathangi okuvikela umlilo avame ukuhlukaniswa ukuze elinye igobolondo lihlolwe kuyilapho elinye lisaqhubeka nokusebenza, futhi ukuxhumana kufanele kuvumele ithangi elisele ukuthi lilethe isipele sodwa, okuwumbuzo womklamo hhayi owokuhlolwa. Lapho ithangi lingakwazi ukukhishwa, umsebenzi uya efasiteleni lokuvalwa, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Ngakho-ke umbuzo wokuhlela awukona ukuthi kufanele kuhlolwe nini kodwa ukuthi isiza singakwazi yini ukungabi nakho, futhi impendulo iyahluka endaweni yokugcina okufanele itholakale ngokuqhubekayo kanye nesigcawu esingahlukaniswa isikhathi sokusebenza. Irekhodi lokuhlela kufanele liphathe leso sisekelo, ngoba isikhathi sisho okuthile kuphela uma ithangi lalitholakala ngesikhathi esifanele, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuqalisa kanye nokuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke, kanye nemibuzo yocwaningo
Kunohlaka lokuhlola okubili okufanele kugcinwe: olunye ngaphambi kokuba ithangi lingene emsebenzini kanye nolunye emjikelezweni wonyaka. Ukuhlola kwangaphambi kokuthunyelwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi ithangi lihlanzekile, ukuthi i-coating noma i-lining yamukelwe, ukuthi izinto ezisizayo kanye nokugunyazwa kwazo zikhona, nokuthi izinto zokufinyelela nezokuphepha ziyasebenziseka. Ukuhlola konyaka kuqinisekisa isimo segobolondo, isikhombisi sezinga, izindawo zokuphefumula, ukuchichima, amapayipi kanye nesikhathi esilandelayo esifunekayo, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Eceleni kwazo kukhona imibuzo umcwaningi wamabhuku okungenzeka ayibuze kakhulu, futhi yiyo umnikazi okufanele akwazi ukuyiphendula ngaphandle kosonkontileka: yimuphi umsebenzi onquma isikhathi ngasinye, yimaphi amarekhodi akhona okuhlolwa kokugcina, yikuphi ukujula kwentlenga futhi iyiphi ivolumu ebaliwe, ingabe imiphumela ye-coating yabuyekezwa ngokuqhathaniswa namavelu ayireferensi, futhi yimaphi amaphutha avulekile, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi esikhungo sedatha.
· Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuqalisa: ingaphakathi elihlanzekile, ukumbozwa okwamukelekile, izinto ezisizayo eziqinisekisiwe, ukufinyelela okusebenzisekayo, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ngonyaka: isimo sogobolondo, isikhombisi sezinga, izindawo zokuphefumula, ukuchichima, amapayipi, izinhlinzeko zokuphepha, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukucwaninga: yiziphi izikhathi zomsebenzi ezibeka isikhathi ngasinye, nokuthi amarekhodi agcinwa kuphi, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukucwaninga: ukujula kwentlenga okulinganisiwe kanye nomthamo obalisiwe, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
· Ukucwaninga: yiziphi izinkinga ezatholakala nokuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa kabusha okwavala ngakunye, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Isifundo Sesimo Seprojekthi
Ukuhanjiswa kwereferensi yalo msebenzi, okucashunwe emtatsheni wamaphrojekthi oqinisekisiwe. Izinga lokufanisa B. Ukuhanjiswa okuphelele kwamanzi omlilo okuhlanganisa uphahla oluyisicaba lwe-aluminium kanye nobubanzi bokuhlinzekwa kophahla, okucashunwe ukukhombisa ububanzi bokuhanjiswa nokwamukelwa. Isikhawu sokuhlola kanye namarekhodi esimo sokumboza awakarekhodwa emtatsheni oqinisekisiwe, ngakho-ke izikhawu zokuhlola kulesi sihloko zisuselwa kumgangatho kanye nomsebenzi kunaleli phrojekthi, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
I-ID yephrojekthi | Izwe | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Inani lamathangi | Ubukhulu | Ukuqedwa | Ububanzi bokuhlinzeka |
GTM-FIRE-0598 | Guatemala | Ithangi Elihlanganisiwe Lensimbi Nengilazi (GFS) Eliboshiwe | 598 m3 | 2 | φ6.11 × 10.2 m (H) ngethangi ngalinye | 2024-12 | Ithangi + Uphahla |
Ukulethwa okuphelele kwamanzi okuqeda umlilo okuhlanganisa uphahla oluyisicaba lwe-aluminium kanye nobubanzi bokuhlinzekwa kophahla, okucashunwe ukukhombisa ububanzi bokulethwa nokwamukelwa. Isikhawu sokuhlola kanye namarekhodi esimo sokumboza awakabhalwa kulabhulali eqinisekisiwe, ngakho-ke izikhawu zokuhlola kulesi sihloko zisuselwa kumgangatho kanye nomsebenzi kunokuba zisuselwe kulo msebenzi, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q1. Kungani izikhawu zokuhlola zilandela umsebenzi kunokuba zilandele umthetho owodwa?
Ngoba isikhawu sibekwa yilokho okwenziwa yithangi, lokho elikugcinayo nokuthi ukwehluleka kungaba nomthelela muni. Ithangi lokuvikela umlilo lihlolwa ngokulahlekelwa umthamo ogciniwe futhi lilandela izinga lokunakekela ukuvikela umlilo. Ithangi lamanzi okuphuza lihlolwa ngokungcola, ngakho ukuhlanza nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yamanzi kuqhubisa umjikelezo walo, futhi uhlelo olulodwa kulo lonke ipulazi elixubile lincane kakhulu kumsebenzi owodwa noma luyamosha komunye, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 2. Yisiphi isikhawu sokuhlola esibekwa yi-NFPA 25?
Ukuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke okujwayelekile kwethangi nezinto zalo ezingaphansi ngaphandle, kanye nokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi esikhathini eside, ngokuvamile eminyakeni emihlanu kumathangi okugcina amanzi. Ukuvakasha kwangaphakathi yikhona kuphela isikhathi lapho indawo emanzi, isimo sokumboza nokujula kwentlenga kubalwa ngempela esikhundleni sokucatshangwa, ngakho uhlelo olungenakho lokhu awukwazi ukuthola ukwehluleka kokumboza endaweni emanzi, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 3. Izidingo zezempilo zisebenza kanjani ethangini lamanzi okuphuza?
Ingaphakathi kufanele lihlanjululwe, futhi lapho amanzi ephuzwayo ithangi kufanele lihlanjululwe ngemithi yokubulala amagciwane ngaphambi kokuba libuyele ekusebenzeni, ngokulandelana nangemibandela enikezwe yindinganiso yokuhlanjululwa kwezindawo zokugcina amanzi. Indlela yokuhlanza kufanele ihambisane nezingubo zangaphakathi, ngoba izinto zokuhlikihla ezisebenza kukhonkolo zingalimaza ingubo, futhi amanzi okugeza kufanele alahlwe ngendlela efanele. Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yamanzi kuyabe sekuvala, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 4. Isimo sengubo sihlolwa kanjani ogobolweni lwensimbi oluhlanganiswe nengilazi?
Ngokumelene nezakhiwo ucoceko olwakhiqizwa ngazo, hhayi njengendawo evamile yensimbi. Amanani ayireferensi yizinga lokushiswa, ukujiya kokumboza okungu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm, ukunamathela okungu-3,450 newtons ngesentimitha yesikwele kanye nobulukhuni be-Mohs obungu-6.0, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 5. Ingakanani ivolumu esebenzisekayo esuswa yinhlabathi?
Umthamo wengqimba ehlala phansi, okuyindawo yaphansi yethangi ephindwe ngobudala obulinganisiwe. Ethangini elingumzekelo elingububanzi obungu-10.0 m elisetshenziswe lapha, elinendawo yaphansi engu-78.5 m2 nomthamo omisiwe ongu-785 m3, u-25 mm wenzika ususa u-1.96 m3 kanti u-100 mm ususa u-7.85 m3, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 6. Ukungena endaweni evaliwe kudinga ini?
Ukuthi ithangi likhishwe amanzi, lihlukaniswe futhi linqanyaziswe, futhi liphefumulelwe umoya, ngoba indawo ingase ibe nomoya ongenawo umoya-mpilo noma ovuthayo. Ukuhlola ngaphambi kokungena kuhlanganisa umoya-mpilo, amagesi avuthayo nanobuthi, futhi izilinganiso kufanele ziqhubeke noma ziphindwe, ngoba isilinganiso esithathwe emnyango wesivalo akusona isilinganiso esithathwe phansi. Uhlelo kufanele luchaze ukuthi umuntu ongenayo ukhiptshwa kanjani, ngoba ukutakulwa ingxenye evame ukungahlelwa kahle, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwethangi lamanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 7. Yimaphi amarekhodi avala ukuhlola?
Izilinganiso zesimo esithathwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, umphumela wokuhlolwa kwe-coating, ukujula kwentlenga, izithombe, kanye nobufakazi bokuthi yonke imikhondo etholakele ivaliwe ngokulungiswa nokuhlolwa kabusha. Umkhondo oqashelwe kodwa ongalungiswanga futhi ungahlolwanga kabusha usewumkhondo ovulekile, noma ngabe ufotwe ngokucacile. Lawa marekhodi abuye asungule isisekelo okuhlolwa okulandelayo okuqhathaniswa naso, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuhlolwa kwamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 8. Yini umcwaningi mabhuku azoyicela?
Izinto ezinhlanu umnikazi okufanele akwazi ukuziphendula ngaphandle kokubuyela kusonkontileka: yisiphi isibopho esibeka isikhawu sethangi ngalinye, yimaphi amarekhodi akhona okuhlolwa kokugcina nokuthi agcinwe kuphi, ukujula kwentlenga elinganisiwe kanye nevolumu esebenzayo ekhredithiwe ngenxa yalokho, ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwekhodi yokumboza ibuyekezwe yini ngokuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo eziyireferensi, nokuthi yimaphi amaphutha atholakele nokuthi yini evala iwona ngamunye, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Isikhathi sokuhlolwa kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha sivela emsebenzini owenziwa yileli thangi, hhayi emthethweni owodwa ojwayelekile, futhi okuphetha ukuhlolwa yirekhodi elisethiwe hhayi ukuvakasha ngokwako. Ithangi lokuvikela umlilo ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-NFPA 25 lwahlulelwa ngesimo salo sangaphandle minyaka yonke nangendawo yalo emanzi emjikelezweni omude; ithangi lamanzi okuphuza noma lenqubo lwahlulelwa ngezenzo zezempilo kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi, okuwumsebenzi ohlukile onendlela ehlukile. Kwigobolondo lensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi ukuhlolwa kuwukuhlolwa kwesimo sokumboza ngokuhlolwa kokuvuza, ukufundwa kobukhulu kanye nocwaningo lwezinkinga ngokuqhathaniswa namavelu ayireferensi yasefekthri, hhayi ukuhlolwa kokugqwala. Intlenga kufanele ilinganiswe futhi ikhishwe kumthamo obalwayo, futhi konke ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kuwumsebenzi wendawo evinjelwe. Ithangi elithathwe isithombe kodwa elingalinganiswanga livakashiwe, alihlolwanga, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokuhlolwa kwethangi lamanzi lesikhungo sedatha.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Nikeza umsebenzi owenziwa yithangi ngalinye, umsuka wamanzi ewagcinayo nokuthi lawo manzi ayaphuzeka yini, ububanzi nokuphakama kwethangi kanye nezinga lokuklanywa, uhlobo lwophahla kanye nezinsiza ezengeziwe, ukuhlelwa kokungena, usuku lokugcina lokuhlolwa kanye nokuthi yimaphi amarekhodi akhona, kanye nomkhawulo wokutholakala wokukhipha ithangi ngalinye ekusebenzeni. Sizobuyisela uhlelo lokuhlola olunamathisela isikhawu emsebenzini ngamunye kanye nomgomo owusungulayo, isethi yamarekhodi evala ukuhlolwa, indlela yokuhlola isimo sokumboza ehambisana nokumboza, ucwaningo lwenhlabathi eyenza umthamo osebenzayo obalwayo, uhlelo lokungena endaweni evinjelwe kanye nohlelo lokutakula, kanye nohlu lokuhlola lwangaphambi kokuqalisa kanye nohlu lwaminyaka yonke, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuhlolweni kwamathangi amanzi esikhungo sedatha.
Mayelana ne-Center Enamel
I-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd (Center Enamel) ingumkhiqizi ochwepheshe ozinikele ekuklanyweni nasekwakhiweni kwamathangi okugcina anezikulufu kusukela ngo-2008. Uhlu lwemikhiqizo luhlanganisa amathangi e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS), amathangi e-Fusion-Bonded Epoxy (FBE), amathangi ensimbi engagqwali, amathangi ensimbi egilivethi kanye nophahla lwedome le-geodesic le-aluminium, kanye nokwesekwa kobuchwepheshe be-EPC kanye nezinsiza zamathangi. Ukukhiqizwa kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001, ISO 14001 kanye ne-ISO 45001, futhi uhlu lwemikhiqizo luqinisekisiwe nge-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, CE kanye ne-EN 1090, ISO 28765, AWWA D103-09 kanye ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona. Inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 okufaka u-enamel, isebenza endaweni yokukhiqiza engu-150,000 m2, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ane-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ithumele amathangi emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Ikhono lokuklama kobunjiniyela lihlanganisa umthamo wamathangi afinyelela ku-60,000 m3, njengoba kuchaziwe ngemininingwane yokuhlolwa kwethangi lamanzi esikhungo sedatha.
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