ithangi lokugcina amanzi ombhoshongo wokupholisa esikhungweni sedatha
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
ithangi lokugcina amanzi ombhoshongo wokupholisa idatha yesikhungo
Ithangi lamanzi okugcwalisa libuyisela amanzi alahlekile ngenxa yokuhwamuka, ukukhukhuleka, ukukhishwa nokuvuza emibhoshongweni yokupholisa kanye nemijikelezo epholile/yenqubo, ligcina uhlelo lugcwele futhi luvikekile. Linganisa ngokulahlekelwa okuqhubekayo kanye nomkhawulo wokugeza nokudlulisa, futhi ucacise i-NSF/ANSI 61 (WRAS) eqinisekisiwe ye-GFS noma insimbi enamakwele e-epoxy lapho amanzi aseduze namanzi okuphuza.
Abaphathi bezikhungo zedatha abahlela amasistimu okupholisa, okuvikela umlilo kanye namanzi enqubo baqhubeka nokubuza umbuzo oyedwa ongokoqobo: yiluphi ithangi lokugcina amanzi oludinga ngempela lomsebenzi, futhi linikezwa kanjani? Le ndatshana igxile ku-"ithangi lokugcina amanzi lombhoshongo wokupholisa isikhungo sedatha", futhi ihlanganisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kombhoshongo wokupholisa okuhlanganiswe ku-DC. Inhloso ukunikeza onjiniyela kanye namathimba okuthenga umbono ocacile, osekelwe ezindinganisweni - hhayi inkulumo yokuthengisa - ukuze kukhethwe uhlobo lwethangi olulungile, into yokwakha kanye nomthamo womsebenzi wangempela.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Ithangi Lokugcina Amanzi Elenzayo Emjikelezweni Wokupholisa / Wenqubo
· Linxephezela ukulahleka okuqhubekayo. Ukuhwamuka, ukukhukhuleka, ukukhishwa kwamanzi kanye nokuvuza okuncane emibhoshongweni yokupholisa nasemijikelezweni yamanzi abandayo kunciphisa umthamo wesistimu ngokuqhubekayo; ithangi lokugcina amanzi likubuyisela ngokuzenzakalela lisuka endaweni yokugcina ezinzile.
· Ivikela ama-chiller nemibhoshongo. Ukusebenzisa i-chiller noma umbhoshongo owomileyo kubangela ukuphuma kokugeleza okuphansi nokushaqeka kokushisa; isigcino sokugcwalisa sigcina umjikelezo ugcwele ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa, ukuhlanza isihlungi kanye nokukhipha amanzi okujwayelekile.
· Ihlukanisa ukunikezwa kwamanzi nesidingo. Ukunikezwa kwamanzi kamasipala noma kwamanzi omthombo kungase kube ngezikhathi ezithile noma kube nengcindezi elinganiselwe; ithangi ligcina lokho kuguquguquka ukuze ukupholisa kungami ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokunikezwa kwamanzi.
Imithombo Yokulahlekelwa Nezinombolo Ezisekela Ukulinganisa Usayizi
· Ukuhwamuka kuyabusa. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile ilahlekelwa cishe ngo-0.8-1.6% wokujikeleza ngo-10 deg F (5.5 deg C) wobubanzi; lokhu kuyisisekelo okufanele uhlelo lokugcwalisa lusibuyisele.
· Ukudonsa nokukhishwa kwamanzi kunezela umthwalo. Ukudonsa ngokuvamile kungu-0.001-0.005% wokugeleza; ukukhishwa kwamanzi (ukulawula imijikelezo yokugxila) ngokuvamile kulingana nokuhwamuka okuhlukaniswe ngu-(imijikelezo-1).
· Umsebenzi wenqubo namanzi okuphuza kuyahluka. Ithangi lokugcwalisa inqubo lingaphinda londle ama-boiler, ama-humidifier noma ukuhlanza inqubo; ngakunye kudonsa izinga nomthamo ohlukile okufanele ithangi likuhlukanise noma likulungise.
Izinto Zokwakha kanye Namazinga Omsebenzi Wokugcwalisa
· Ukuthintana namanzi okuphuza kudinga isitifiketi. Lapho amanzi okugcwalisa engamanzi okuphuza noma engena kumjikelezo oseduze namanzi okuphuza, cacisa amathangi aqinisekisiwe ku-NSF/ANSI 61 (kanye ne-WRAS e-UK) - i-GFS nensimbi eboshiwe ene-epoxy kokubili kuyafaneleka.
· Kuboshiwe vs kushiselwe. Amathangi e-GFS / epoxy aboshiwe ahamba ngamamoja futhi amiswa ngokushesha ezindaweni eziqinile ze-DC; insimbi eshiselwe ilungele imisebenzi emikhulu kakhulu noma enengcindezi.
· Ukulawula ukugqwala. Ukwengeza kweluphu evaliwe kufanele kugweme ukuthathwa kwensimbi; izingcezu eziboshiwe noma ezingagqwali kanye nemininingwane ye-cathodic/liner kugcina izinga lamanzi lizinzile.
Izimo Zokusetshenziswa
· Ukuvikelwa komlilo. I-NFPA 22 indawo yokugcina igcinwa ihlukile emanzini enqubo.
· Ukwenza ukuphefumula kwesimo. Ukushintshwa kokulahlekelwa okuqhubekayo kombhoshongo/ humidifier.
· Ibhafa epholile / TES. Ukuhlukanisa nokugcina ukushisa okungekho ngesikhathi esiphakathi.
· Inqubo kanye namanzi aphuzwayo. Ukudla kwe-boiler, ukufaka umswakama, ukugeza lapho izinga lamanzi lihambisana.
Ukukhetha nokuqhathanisa
Khetha ngezinga lamanzi, ingcindezi kanye nesidingo sokuqina esikhundleni somaka. I-GFS eboliwe kanye nensimbi e-epoxy-coated ima ngokushesha ezindaweni eziqinile ze-DC futhi ihlangabezana ne-NSF/ANSI 61 yomsebenzi oseduze namanzi aphuzwayo; insimbi ewelidiwe noma ukhonkolo kufaneleka izidingo ezinkulu kakhulu noma ezinengcindezi; imikhumbi ye-ASME isebenza kuphela lapho ingcindezi idlula umkhathi. Qinisekisa izitifiketi kanye namaphrojekthi okubhekiselwa kuwo ngaphambi kokunikeza.
Izicaciso Zobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Isiqondiso somsebenzi wokwengeza |
Ukulahleka okujwayelekile | Ukuhwamuka 0.8-1.6% wokugeleza nge-10 deg F ibanga; ukudonsa 0.001-0.005%; blowdown = evap/(cycles-1) |
Isisekelo sokulinganisa usayizi | Ukulahlekelwa okuqhubekayo + ukuhlanza ngemuva + imajini yokudlulisa; qinisekisa ngomsebenzi ngamunye wombhoshongo/iluphu |
Impahla (eduze namanzi okuphuza) | I-GFS noma insimbi ehlotshiswe nge-epoxy eqinisekisiwe i-NSF/ANSI 61 / WRAS |
Impahla (iluphu evaliwe) | Ehlotshiswe nge-epoxy, insimbi engagqwali noma egqanyisiwe |
Isakhiwo | Kuboshwe ngezibophezelo (AWWA D103-09) noma kushiselwe (AWWA D100) |
Izinsiza ezingeziwe | Ukulawula izinga, ukuchichima, ukuvikelwa kokuhlehla, ukuhlobisa (okuhlotshisiwe/okungagqwali) |
Izindinganiso | NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, AWWA D103-09, EN 1090/CE, ISO 9001/45001 |
Isifundo Sephrojekthi
I-Center Enamel isihambise amathangi e-GFS aboshiwe okusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphuza nawokuphuza emazweni amaningi, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo bethangi obuqinisekisiwe nge-NSF/ANSI 61 obusebenza emanzini okwengeza esikhungo sedatha. Iphrojekthi emele:
Amaphrojekthi Amathangi Amanzi Okuphuza / Okuphuzwayo
Indawo yephrojekthi | Uhlelo | Umthamo | Uhlobo lwethangi | Kuqediwe |
Colombia | Amanzi okuphuza / okuphuzwayo | 1057 m3 | Ithangi le-GFS eliboshiwe | 2025-10 |
Ubungcweti Benkampani
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd.), umkhiqizi wamathangi okugcina izinto aboshiwe futhi ashiselwe owasungulwa ngo-2008, ukhiqiza amathangi e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS), i-fusion-bonded epoxy, insimbi engagqwali, insimbi egayiwe kanye namathangi ashiselwe kanye nophahla lwedome le-aluminium geodesic kanye nemikhumbi yengcindezi ye-ASME. Imikhiqizo yamathangi ayo iqinisekisiwe nge-ISO 9001, ISO 45001, NSF/ANSI 61, EN 1090/CE, WRAS kanye ne-FM, futhi isetshenzisiwe emisebenzini engaphezu kwamazwe ayi-100. Emsebenzini wokugcwalisa nokuphuza, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-NSF/ANSI 61 kanye ne-WRAS yizona zinto ezibalulekile zokuhambisana, futhi amathangi e-GFS kanye namathangi aboshiwe ane-epoxy-coated enkampani ayazifeza lezi zidingo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo: Ithangi lamanzi okugcwalisa lenza ini ngempela ohlelweni lokupholisa?
A: Ingeza esikhundleni samanzi alahlekile ngenxa yokuhwamuka, ukugudluka, ukukhishwa kwamanzi nokuvuza okuncane ukuze umbhoshongo wokupholisa noma iluphu epholile ingalokothi iphele amanzi. Lokho kuvikela ama-chiller nemibhoshongo ekuphazamisekeni kokugeleza kancane kanye nokushaqeka kokushisa ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa, ukuhlanza ngokuhlanza noma ukukhipha amanzi.
Q: Angakanani amanzi okwengeza umbhoshongo wokupholisa awadingayo?
A: Ukuhwamuka cishe kungu-0.8-1.6% wokujikeleza ngo-10 deg F webanga, ukugudluka cishe kungu-0.001-0.005% wokugeleza, futhi ukukhishwa kwamanzi kulingana nokuhwamuka okuhlukaniswe nge-(imijikelezo yokugxilisa kususa u-1). Ukulahlekelwa okuqhubekayo okuphelele kanye nokuhlanza ngokuhlanza kanye nomkhawulo wokudlulisa kubeka usayizi wethangi.
Umbuzo: Iyiphi into engcono kakhulu yethangi lamanzi okugcwalisa?
Impendulo: Lapho amanzi ephuzwayo noma eduze namanzi aphuzwayo, khetha insimbi ehlanganisiwe ye-GFS noma i-fusion-bonded epoxy enezitifiketi ze-NSF/ANSI 61 (kanye ne-WRAS). Kumjikelezo ovaliwe, ongewona owamanzi aphuzwayo, insimbi ehlanganisiwe nge-epoxy, insimbi engagqwali noma insimbi egcwele zinc kwanele.
Umbuzo: Ingabe amanzi okugcwalisa adinga isitifiketi se-NSF/ANSI 61?
A: Yebo uma kuxhumana namanzi aphuzwayo noma iluphu eseduze namanzi aphuzwayo - amathangi e-GFS kanye namathangi e-epoxy-coated angahlangabezana ne-NSF/ANSI 61. Amanzi e-closed-loop process angenalo ukuxhumana namanzi aphuzwayo awadingi ngokuqinile, kodwa umcacisi kanye nekhodi yendawo yikho okunqumayo.
U: Ingabe ithangi elilodwa lingasebenza ekupholiseni nasekugcwaliseni inqubo?
A: Kuphela uma izinga lamanzi nokwelashwa kuhambisana; izinto ezidonswayo zenqubo (ama-boiler, ama-humidifier, ukugeza) zingadinga ukulungiswa okuhlukile. Hlukanisa noma ulungise ukuze ugweme ukungcolisa iluphu yokupholisa.
Umbuzo: Yimiphi imigomo esebenza kumathangi amanzi okwengeza?
Impendulo: Isakhiwo silandela i-AWWA D103-09 (insimbi eboshiwe) noma i-AWWA D100 (insimbi eshiselwe); ukuxhumana namanzi okuphuza kwengeza i-NSF/ANSI 61 kanye ne-WRAS; ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo kwengeza i-EN 1090/CE; izinga lokulunga nokuphepha zivela ku-ISO 9001/45001.
Ku-"idatha yesikhungo sokugcina amanzi esihlahla sokupholisa", indlela esebenzayo iwukuqala emsebenzini - izinga lamanzi, ingcindezi, umthamo kanye nesidingo sokuqina - bese uvumela umgomo (NFPA 22, AWWA D103-09/D100, ASME BPVC VIII, NSF/ANSI 61) ukuthi unqume uhlobo lwethangi kanye nempahla. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi esikhungweni sedatha kuyisinqumo sezinhlelo, hhayi ukuthenga kwempahla; ukucacisa kahle kusenesikhathi kuvikela kokubili isikhathi sokusebenza kanye nempilo yeminyaka eyi-10-15 yesikhungo.
Xhumana nonjiniyela ukuze uxoxe ngesicaciso sethangi lokupholisa lesikhungo sedatha, ukwengeza noma ukugcina okushisayo, umthamo kanye nokukhethwa kwempahla.
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