Umenzi Wamathangi Amanzi Okuhlinzeka Eshayina Wamabhoyila Nokusebenza Kwe-RO
Kwadalwa ngo 02.24
Umkhiqizi Wamathangi Amanzi Okuphakela E-China Wokuhlinzeka Nge-Boiler Feed Ne-RO
Ithangi lamanzi okufaka linokugcina amanzi acwebileyo ebhoyila noma ku-RO train, futhi indlela yalo embi kakhulu yokwehluleka akuyona ukuvuza kodwa ukungcola: i-iron encibilikile evela odongeni lwensimbi engenalutho noma i-zinc evela kolunye olugalvanized igcina isiyi-boiler tube scale noma isenzakalo sokungcola kwe-RO membrane. Ezindaweni eziningi zokufaka amanzi ebhoyila kanye ne-RO feed lokho kukhomba ethangini lensimbi elihlanganiswe nengilazi elinengaphakathi le-enamel elihlanganisiwe, elingasebenzi, eliqeda ku-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm, futhi elihlolwa nge-spark nge-1500 V DC iphaneli ngayinye. Cela umphakeli ukuthi aqinisekise ingaphakathi ngenjongo yakho ye-conductivity, alinganise umthamo wokulinda ngokwesimo sokuphazamiseka kwepompo, futhi anikeze isembozo esinokuhlelwa okufanele kwe-nitrogen noma kwe-vent.
Ithangi lamanzi okufaka ukudla yisitsha esingathakazelisi kakhulu ohlangothini lwamanzi embonini futhi yisona esingase sibange umsindo omkhulu uma sihluleka. I-boiler iyahluleka lapho izinga lamanzi liphansi, i-conductivity ye-RO permeate iyakhuphuka, isitshalo se-membrane siyama ukuze senze ukuhlanza kwangaphakathi, futhi uphenyo luthola ibala elibomvana noma eligqwalile elaqala emgqeni wamanzi ethangi okwakungakaze livulwe iminyaka. Lezo zigameko zilandelela izinqumo ezenziwa ngesikhathi sokuthenga: igobolondo le-carbon elingenalutho elinengaphakathi elipendwe, ithangi le-galvanized elacaciswa ngoba lalishibhile, noma i-epoxy lining efakwe endaweni engakalungiselelwa kahle. Ukwenza ithangi lamanzi okufaka ukudla lifanele kumayelana kakhulu nokuziphatha kahle ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nokugcina umthamo ofanele wokulinda.
Okufanele Kulethwe Yithangi
Ithangi lamanzi okuphakela liyibhafa, indawo yokukhipha umoya kanye nendawo yokudonsa iphampu emkhunjini owodwa. Licwilisa umehluko phakathi komkhiqizo wokuhlanza kanye nesidingo sephampu, okuthi kumabhayela kusho ukugcina umthamo owanele wokuphakela idramu ngesikhathi sokulahlekelwa okuphelele kwesikhungo sokuhlanza, kanti kwi-RO kusho ukugcina okwanele ukuhamba nokuvalwa kwe-membrane ngaphandle kokuthi iphampu yengcindezi ephezulu ingene emgodini. Linikeza i-deaerator noma i-vacuum degasser indawo yokudonsa enekhanda elihle. Futhi livikela imishini elandelayo kusuka embonini ngokwayo, ngoba noma iyiphi inhlayiyana, isikali noma i-ion yensimbi engena lapha ekugcineni ifinyelela kumashubhu noma kuma-membrane. Lezo zinto ezintathu zibeka umthamo, ukuphakama kanye nokukhethwa kwangaphakathi.
Imithetho Yezinto Zamanzi Ahlanzekile Kakhulu
Ingaphakathi kufanele lingabi nakusabela, futhi lowo mthetho owodwa ususa izinketho ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile. Insimbi yekhabhoni engenalutho ayifaneleki emanzini acwengiwe ngoba igqwalala emgqeni wamanzi futhi ikhiphe insimbi emfudlaneni; igobolondo lekhabhoni elipendwe noma elifakwe i-epoxy lingcono kodwa indawo yokumboza incike ekulungiseleleni kwendawo yokusebenza, futhi igebe elilodwa liba yisiqalo sokugqwalala. I-hot-dip galvanized ngokwe-GB/T 13912-2020 ayifaneleki neze emanzini okudla, ngoba ukuhamba kwe-zinc yikho kanye ukungcola okuzama ukukugwema. I-Stainless 304 iyamukeleka emanzini okudla ajwayelekile, kanti i-316L yamazinga aphezulu e-chloride noma ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu. Impendulo eqinile emisebenzini eminingi yokudla kwama-boiler ne-RO yithangi lensimbi elihlanganiswe nengilazi: ungqimba lwe-enamel olungu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm luhlanganiswa nephethini ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, lukalwa ngaphezu kwe-3,450 N/cm², alunakusabela esikhathini se-pH 1 kuya ku-14, futhi luqedwa nge-Ra engaphansi kwe-0.8 µm ukuze lumelane ne-biofilm futhi lihlanjululwe ngaphandle kokuhlasela ngamakhemikhali odongeni. Iphethini ngayinye ihlolwa nge-spark ku-1500 V DC ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, ngakho kunerekhodi yeyinye ngayinye.
Ukukala Umthamo Wokulinda
Linganisa ithangi ngokuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwepompo, hhayi ngesidingo esijwayelekile. Ethangini lokudla umbhako, indlela ejwayelekile iwukugcina umthamo owanele womthamo wepompo yokudla esebenza ngesikhathi umsebenzisi edinga ukuxilonga nokuqalisa elinye elilindile, okungaba yimizuzu embalwa ngenani eliphelele lepompo ngaphezu kwesidingo esijwayelekile kumbhako omkhulu wesigubhu. Ethangini lokudla le-RO, umthamo kufanele uhlanganise ukushintsha kokungena ekuhlanzeni i-membrane noma ukuvalwa kanye nekhanda elanele lokumunca eliphozithivu ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu lepompo lonyaka. Engeza indawo ekhululekile yegwebu uma amanzi ekhishwa umoya, ngoba ukuphuma kwe-deaerator kungangenisa okuhambisayo, futhi gcina izinga eliphansi liphezulu ngokwanele ukuthi ipompo ingalokothi isebenze eduze nomkhawulo wayo wokumunca okuhle okuphelele. Cela umkhiqizi ukuthi abale isimo somthwalo esikhundleni sokukopisha umthamo komunye umsebenzi.
Umugqa Wamanzi, Isembozo Nokukhipha Umoya
Ilayini yamanzi kanye nendandatho ephezulu yilapho amathangi amanzi okuphakela ehluleka khona. Lelo bhendi libona ukungena komoyampilo okukhulu, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okukhulu kanye nomhwamuko omningi, futhi noma iyiphi insimbi engavikelwe lapho iba umthombo wensimbi egcina ifike ezindaweni ezingezansi. Ithangi elimboziwe elinesivalo se-gasket, umoya ofanelekile ovimbela ukuwa kwe-vacuum ngesikhathi sokuqala kwepompo, kanye nedreyini engahlanjululwa kugcina lelo bhendi lihlanzekile. Lapho uhlelo lufakwe i-nitrogen blanketed, isembozo, umoya kanye nomugqa we-blanket konke kufanele kucaciswe ndawonye, futhi umngcele wengcindezi usesezingeni le-atmospheric, hhayi isitsha sengcindezi. Beka iphoyinti lesampula ezingeni eliphansi lokudreyina ukuze abasebenzi bakwazi ukuhlola insimbi ngesikhathi esimisiwe esikhundleni sokuyithola ngemuva kokuphazamiseka.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokuncibilika kwe-enamel | 820–930 °C | Ukuncibilika kanye kuphela epaneleni lensimbi |
Ubukhulu bokumboza nge-enamel | 0.25–0.45 mm | Ingaphakathi elingenasici, i-pH 1–14 |
Amandla ongqimba lwe-enamel | ≥ 3,450 N/cm² | Ukumelana nokugoba nokushaywa |
I-voltage yokuhlola inhlansi | 1500 V DC | Ngephaneli ngayinye, ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa |
Ukuqina kobuso | Ra < 0.8 µm | Ukungcola okuphansi, ukuthintana okuphezulu kokuhlanzeka |
Ukujiya kwefilimu ye-FBE epoxy | 180–280 µm | Kuyamukeleka emanzini okudla angenawo ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu |
Izinga lebhawodi | 8.8 | I-torque eqoshwe ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | ≥ 30 iminyaka | Ngesistimu yangaphakathi ecacisiwe |
Okufanele Ukubuza Umkhiqizi Ngaphambi Kokunikeza
Buza ukuthi yiluphi ingaphakathi abaliphakamisayo mayelana ne-conductivity kanye ne-iron target onayo, futhi ufune impendulo ebhaliwe mayelana ne-gasket kanye ne-vent material kanye nodonga. Cela irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC kanye ne-furnace log yamaphaneli oda lakho. Buza ukuthi bangakwazi yini ukunikeza ukubalwa kwevolumu ye-standby yesimo sakho sokuphazamiseka kwepompo kanye ne-positive suction head epompweni. Qinisekisa ukuthi izimvume zomkhiqizo zihlanganisa uketshezi: i-NSF/ANSI 61 ne-WRAS kokuthintana namanzi okuphuzwayo lapho kufanele khona, i-FDA ne-LFGB lapho amanzi eya enqubweni yokudla noma yesiphuzo, kanye ne-FM lapho ithangi liphakela uhlelo lomlilo noma lwe-sprinkler. Qinisekisa ukulawulwa kwefektri ye-ISO 9001 futhi, mayelana negobolondo eliboshiwe, ukuthi amaphaneli angashintshwa endaweni uma ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi esizayo kuthola umonakalo.
Icala Lomklamo
Umklamo | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi anombhobho omkhulu | INamibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada |
Amanzi agcinelwe umlilo | ISichuan, eChina | Ithangi le-GFS, amayunithi ama-2 | 8,930 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + isiqondiso sokufaka |
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuphuzwayo | I-Indonesia | Ithangi le-GFS | 21,099 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela Le-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isikhathi eside isukela ngo-2008 yakha futhi yaklama amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngezibophezelo. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile imisebenzi efakiwe engaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukwakhiwa kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Okokuhlinzeka ngamanzi okudla lokhu kuhlanganisa ingaphakathi le-enamel engasebenzi ne-epoxy ngenhla, ukuhlelwa kwesembozo nokukhipha umoya okugcina umoya-mpilo ngaphandle komugqa wamanzi, kanye namarekhodi okuhlolwa kwenhlansi iphaneli ngayinye abhala ingaphakathi elifanele umsebenzi wekhwalithi ephezulu.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Kungani kungasetshenziswa ithangi lensimbi engagqwali emanzini okudla?
Impendulo 1: insimbi engagqwali iyisinqumo esivumelekile, ikakhulukazi i-316L kuma-chloride aphezulu noma ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, kodwa ibiza izikhathi eziningana kunegobolondo lensimbi elihlanganiswe nengilazi ngomsebenzi ofanayo. I-enamel inikeza indawo engasebenzi ngamakhemikhali ngenani eliphansi lezinto ezisetshenziswayo, futhi amaphaneli angashintshwa endaweni kamuva.
Umbuzo 2: Ingabe insimbi e-galvanized iyavumeleka emanzini okudla?
A2: Cha, akukona okokudla kwesifudumezi noma ukokudla kwe-RO. Ukuhamba kwe-zinc kufaka ama-ion ensimbi emanzini, okuyiwona ngqo ukungcola okwenzelwe ukuthi ithangi likuvimbele. I-Galvanized ku-GB/T 13912-2020 iyisinqumo esingabizi kakhulu samanzi ahlanzekile kanye nokusebenza kwe-dry bulk kuphela.
Q3: Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ingaphakathi ngeke lingcolise amanzi?
A3: Dinga iphepha ledatha lokumboza, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark ngephaneli ngayinye kanye nemvume yezinto ze-gasket ne-vent. Lezi zincwadi ezintathu zichaza konke okuthinta amanzi.
Q4: Umthamo wokulinda kufanele ube mkhulu kangakanani?
A4: Kulandela isimo sakho sokuphazamiseka kwepompo: ipompo yokudla noma yokudlulisa esebenza ngezinga eligcwele ngesikhathi sokuxilonga nokuqala kokulinda, kanye nesidingo esijwayelekile, kanye nendawo yamagwebu uma amanzi e-deaerated egcinwa.
Q5: Ingabe ithangi lidinga isembozo?
A5: Yebo noma kuphi lapho ukungena komoya nokujiya kwamanzi kubalulekile. Isembozo esine-gasket esine-vent efanele sivimbela ukuwa kwe-vacuum lapho iphampu iqala futhi sigcina umugqa wamanzi uhlanzekile, futhi ezinhlelweni ezine-nitrogen blanketed isembozo, i-vent kanye nomugqa we-blanket kucaciswa ndawonye.
Q6: Ingabe ithangi lamanzi okudla eliboshwe ngezibhawodi lingahlolwa kalula?
A6: Yebo, lokho kuyinzuzo yangempela. Amaphaneli kanye nama-flange ane-gasket ayabonakala, ngakho ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi okuhleliwe akudingi ukukhipha nokusika, futhi iphaneli elonakele lingakhululwa liboshwe futhi lishintshwe esikhundleni sokulungiswa endaweni.
Ithangi lamanzi okudla lizuzisa ngezindleko zalo ngokuhlala lingenasimilo esingaguquki futhi ligcine umthamo owanele wokulinda ohlanzekile ukuze kusetshenziswe isitshalo ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwepompo. Isinqumo sempahla yisona esibalulekile: i-enamel noma i-316L yomsebenzi ocwebezelisiwe, i-epoxy yokudla okungadingi kangako, i-galvanized ayikho neze eduze kwayo. Bese ucacisa isembozo, isiphephetha-moya kanye nomsele wokukhipha amanzi, futhi ulinganise umthamo ngokuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwepompo hhayi ngesilinganiso esijwayelekile. Thumela inhloso ye-conductivity, umthamo wepompo, isikhathi sokuphazamiseka kanye nezinga lokushisa lonyaka kumkhiqizi, futhi ufune impendulo efaka ngaphakathi, amarekhodi okuhlola kanye nokubalwa komthamo ndawonye.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Sithumelele umgomo wekhwalithi yamanzi kanye nomkhawulo wawo we-conductivity ne-iron, umthamo wepompo kanye nesikhathi esidingekayo sokuphumula, umsebenzi wokuphakela ukuthi yi-boiler noma i-RO, izinga lokushisa lamanzi ngesizini, ukuthi kusetshenziswa i-nitrogen blanketing, kanye nendawo etholakalayo. Uzothola isincomo sezinto ezisetshenziswayo, ukubalwa kwevolumu elindile, ukukhetha umthamo kanye nephakethe eliphelele lomdwebo nesitifiketi.
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