Ithangi Lokugcina Amanzi Abandayo Lesikhungo Sedatha: Ukucaciswa Kobuchwepheshe Nomhlahlandlela Wokukhetha
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Ithangi Lokugcina Amanzi Abandayo Lesikhungo Sedatha: Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe Nomhlahlandlela Wokukhetha
Cacisa ithangi lokugcina amanzi abandayo elisetshenziselwa isikhungo sedatha ngokuqala nge-ΔT esebenzisekayo kanye nengxenye esebenzisekayo, bese udlulela ngaphandle kuya ku-lining, izinga lengcindezi, i-insulation kanye nohlu lwe-nozzle. Amanzi abandayo amile ane-oksijini futhi ahlasela kancane kancane, ngakho-ke i-lining iyindaba yokumboza hhayi indaba yokuqina. I-epoxy ehlanganiswe ngokuncibilika kanye ne-enamel yengilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi kusetshenziswa kukho kokubili emanzini amaningi, futhi ukukhetha kuncike ohlelweni nasekukwazini ukulungiseka. Izinga lengcindezi linquma ukujiya kodonga, izimbobo kanye nokukhululeka, futhi kufanele kube encazelweni ebhaliwe ngaphambi kwe-oda.
Imibuzo mayelana nethangi lokugcina amanzi abandayo esikhungweni sedatha ivamise ukusho umthamo kanye nomehluko wokushisa, bese ishiya okunye kumnikezeli. Lokho kushiya izinqumo ezimbili ezishintsha intengo kanye nempilo yesevisi zingashiwo: ukuthi ingaphakathi lomkhumbi lenziwe ngani, nokuthi lihlala ngaphakathi komngcele wengcindezi wesistimu.
Okulandelayo yisakhiwo esivame ukusetshenziswa onjiniyela babanikazi: isethi encane yamapharamitha, ngalinye linenani elilandelayo.
Umehluko Wokushisa Osebenzisekayo kanye Nomthamo
Konke kuqala ngezinombolo ezimbili, futhi umthamo utholakala kunokuba ukhethwe.
· Setha i-ΔT esebenzisekayo. Ama-kelvin amahlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa yiwindi elivamile, elihlelwe njengokushaja okungu-5 °C nokubuya okungu-11-12 °C. Isikhathi esibanzi sinciphisa umthamo kodwa sikhuphula izinga lokushisa lokubuya, okufanele kwamukelwe yikho kokubili amakhoyili kanye nesihlanzi.
· Lungisa ingxenye esebenzisekayo. Umthamo otholakalayo ungama-70-90% wethiyori uma ukuxubana, ukuzuza kwendawo ezungezile kanye nesitoreji se-thermocline kususiwe. Shono umthamo ophelele kanye nenani elisebenzisekayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuqhathanisa nomthengisi akunanzuzo.
· Guqula amandla abe umthamo. I-Q = V × ρ × cp × ΔT inikeza cishe u-1.163 kWh nge-cubic metre nge-kelvin emanzini, ngakho iqokobhe elingu-4,000 m³ ku-6 K ligcina cishe u-28,000 kWh ngaphambi kokwehliswa.
· Hlola izinga lokugeleza. Izinga lokukhipha lingumthwalo ohlukaniswe ngu-ΔT; iphampu ye-loop kufanele ikhiphe lokho isuka eqokobheni elibandayo ngaphandle kokwehlisa ukunikezwa ngaphansi kwebhendi le-IT.
Ukufinyelela ekugcineni okuphezulu kwalelo qhezu elisebenzisekayo kudinga isivinini sokungena esiphansi kanye ne-diffuser ebekwe kahle, njengoba kokubili kuvikela ukuhlukaniswa okuncike kukho sonke isibalo.
Ukukhethwa Kwe-Lining Yamanzi Abandayo Amile
Kuthangi lokugcina amanzi abandayo lesikhungo sedatha, amanzi ahlala enganyakazi amahora amaningi, agcina i-oxygen encibilikile futhi aphathwa nge-biocide ne-inhibitor. I-lining kufanele imelane nalokho kuyilapho ihlala ibushelelezi.
I-Lining | Isici | Kufanele |
Amaphaneli ensimbi ehlanganiswe ngengilazi | I-Enamel ehlanganiswe ku-820-930 °C, 0.25-0.45 mm, i-pH 3-11 evamile kanye no-1-14 okhethekile, i-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm | Amagobolondo amakhulu asendaweni avulekile ahlolwa iphaneli ngephaneli |
I-Epoxy ehlanganiswe ngokushisa | I-Resicoat R4-ES 180-280 µm ngaphakathi kanye ne-INTERPON D2015 ngaphandle, amahora angu-4000 okufafazwa ngosawoti ku-ISO 9227 kanye ne-ASTM B117, ku-AWWA C550 | Amanzi amaningi amakhulu alungiseka ngaphandle kokuphinda kufakwe uqweqwe oluphelele |
I-galvanised ngokucwiliswa kushisa | Ukuvikelwa kwe-Zinc ngomhlatshelo ngokwenqubo ye-GB/T 13912-2020 | Imikhumbi emincane kanye namanzi okusetshenziswa kanye kuphela |
I-Stainless | I-AISI 304 noma i-316L, futhi njengengxube ne-enamel eqokobheni elingezansi | Ukwelashwa okunamandla noma ukulawulwa kwe-chloride okungaqinisekile |
Amanothi amabili. Uhlelo lwesayithi kanye nokulindelwe ukulungiswa kunquma phakathi kwe-epoxy ne-enamel; i-galvanising isebenzisa isabelomali se-zinc esilinganiselwe ukuvikela insimbi, ngakho-ke akuyona into ejwayelekile kumkhumbi omile iminyaka eminingi.
Ikilasi Lengcindezi kanye Nomngcele Womkhumbi
Ulayini owodwa ushintsha ubunjiniyela obuningi kunayo yonke eminye: ukuthi umkhumbi uhlala ngaphakathi komngcele wengcindezi.
· Okwakhiwa endaweni evulekile. Kuvulekile emkhathini ngomoya noma isembozo, kuthola amanzi abuyayo kuphela embotsheni yokungena ngaphansi kwekhanda lempompo, ngakho-ke ukujiya kodonga kuhlala kuncane futhi igobolondo lingangenwa ukuze lihlolwe.
· Ngaphakathi komngcele wengcindezi wesistimu. Ekukhishweni kwempompo ithangi libona ingcindezi egcwele yokusebenza, ngakho-ke ukujiya kwegobolondo, ukuqiniswa kwembobo, izilinganiso zeflange kanye nedivayisi yokukhulula kubalwa ngokwengcindezi yokuklama kanye nezinga lokushisa lokuklama, futhi ikhodi esebenzayo kanye nokuklama kuhambisana nalokho okuvunyelwene ngakho encazelweni yephrojekthi kanye nenkontileka.
· Isisekelo kanye namabhuloho ashisayo. Ukuvala okufakwa kuyo yonke indawo yokusekela ezansi kwegobolondo kuvimbela ibhuloho elibandayo ekuqandeni nasekuqhekekeni kwe-cladding egumbini lezitshalo elingashiswanga.
Ukuvala kanye Nokuxhumana
Ubukhulu bokuvikela yinani lokulinganisa ukushisa, hhayi umugqa wekhathalogi. Ukulahlekelwa okumile phakathi nesikhathi sokubamba, imijikelezo ngosuku kanye nesimo sendawo yendawo konke kuyakushintsha. Ukuxhumana yilapho ushintsho lwezobunjiniyela lwakamuva lwenziwa khona, ngakho-ke kubophelele ekuqaleni.
1. Ama-nozzle. Indawo yokungena yokushaja ene-diffuser, indawo yokuphuma yokukhipha, ukuxhumana kokubuyisela, ukugcwalisa, ukuvulela umoya kanye nokukhipha amanzi, kanye nokuxhumana kokugeza uma iluphu igezwa endaweni.
2. Amathuluzi. Izinga eliningi, izinga lokushisa ezindaweni ezimbili ezijulile ukuze kubhekwe i-thermocline, kanye nomgwaqo womuntu olinganiselwe umuntu.
3. Ukufinyelela. Ukufinyelela ophahleni ngesitebhisi noma ngeplatifomu, kanye nendawo evalekile ephezulu njenge-dome ye-aluminium eboshiwe engangeni manzi nge-Batten Bar fixing ngaphansi kwe-AWWA D108, API 650, ADM 2015, ASCE 7-10 kanye ne-IBC 2012 practice.
4. Izihlungi nokwelashwa. Izihlungi ezixhumene nethangi, kanye ne-biocide, i-pH kanye nohlelo lwe-inhibitor ezinye izingxenye zemboni ezivele zizisebenzisa.
Uhlelo lokwelashwa kufanele lusho okuthile ngoba lunquma ukuthi i-lining ihlala isikhathi esingakanani. I-coating ehambisana ngokombhalo ingase ihluleke ngokushesha ngaphansi kwe-biocide e-oxidising eyayingakaze iqinisekiswe kuyo.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Into yomugqa | Inani elijwayelekile noma ukukhetha | Kungani kufanele kube lapha |
I-ΔT esebenzisekayo | 5-7 K, ukushaja 5 °C, ukubuya 11-12 °C | Kusetha amandla agciniwe nge-cubic metre ngayinye |
Ivolumu elinganiselwe nesebenzisekayo | Shono kokubili, ingxenye esebenzisekayo 70-90% | Kwenza iziqhathaniso zifane |
Umngcele wethangi | I-atmospheric field-erected, noma ngaphakathi komngcele wengcindezi | Kushayela ukujiya kodonga nokukhululeka |
Ingcindezi yokuklama kanye nezinga lokushisa | Ngokwencazelo yephrojekthi kanye nenkontileka | Kulawula ama-flange, ama-nozzle kanye nesitifiketi |
I-lining kanye nokujiya | I-epoxy ehlanganiswe nge-fusion 180-280 µm, noma i-enamel 0.25-0.45 mm | Isikhathi sokusebenza kanye nohlelo lokuhlanza |
Isivinini sokungena | 0.5-1 m/s nge-diffuser | Ivukela umthamo osebenzisekayo |
Ukufaka insulate | I-mineral wool, isivikelo sezulu, i-cladding eqhubekayo ezisekelweni | Kunciphisa ukushisa okumile |
Uhlu lwama-nozzle namathuluzi | Ngokohlelo lokuxhumana olungenhla | Kunquma ububanzi be-valve namapayipi |
Icala Lomsebenzi
Umsebenzi wethu owanikezwa oyisithenjwa emkhakheni wamanzi namanzi angcolile uhlanganisa amathangi amakhulu ane-epoxy-lined, kuhlanganise nokufakwa okungezansi. Ububanzi be-TES besikhungo sedatha benziwe ngemigomo efanayo.
Isifinyezo Secala Lomsebenzi
Umsebenzi | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ubukhulu | Ukuqedwa |
China (Hebei) - amanzi angcolile ezemithi (P-E) | 02 Ithangi le-FBE fusion-bonded epoxy | 32,363 m³ | φ36,600 × 24,600 mm kanye no-φ18,340 × 24,600 mm | Agasti 2026 |
Amagobolondo amabili alesi sikhathi anikezwe ngomugqa we-epoxy ohlanganiswe nge-fusion-bonded epoxy oqinisekiswe ngokwe-AWWA C550 practice ngomphumela we-4000 h salt spray ku-ISO 9227 kanye ne-ASTM B117. Ukuqedwa kwendawo kanye nerekhodi lokuhlolwa kweholide yikho okudluliselwa ethangini lokugcina amanzi abandayo lesikhungo sedatha, lapho umugqa kufanele futhi ubambe ukuhlukaniswa esikhundleni sokubamba amanzi nje.
Amandla Okusebenza Kwe-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngamabhawudi kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ane-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi idizayini ibhekisela ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Umugqa we-Epoxy kanye nekhemistri yamanzi
· Amagobolondo e-epoxy ahlanganiswe nge-fusion-bonded ane-AkzoNobel Resicoat R4-ES internal coating (180-280 µm) kanye ne-INTERPON D2015 external coating anikeza isivimbelo sokugqwala esingadingi ukuvikelwa kwe-cathodic futhi esingalungiswa endaweni uma ifilimu ilimele.
· Insimbi ye-carbon enomugqa we-epoxy isebenza kahle lapho amanzi agciniwe anezinto ezincibilikile noma i-pH enolaka, futhi indlela yokumboza ibhekiselwa ku-AWWA C550 ngokuqinisekiswa kwe-4000 h salt-spray ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9227 / ASTM B117.
· Ukuhanjiswa okukhulu kakhulu kwe-epoxy-coated okusemthethweni umklamo we-Hebei pharmaceutical wastewater we-φ36.6 m × 24.6 m kanye ne-φ18.34 m × 24.6 m amathangi, 32,363 m³, kwaqedwa ngo-2026-08.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Ingabe isicaciso kufanele sicele i-lining noma uhlelo lwe-coating?
Impendulo 1: Cela i-lining ngobukhulu bayo, izinga eifanelekile kulo kanye nokuhlolwa okukufakazelayo. Isigatshana esisho izinga, ukujiya kwe-dry film kanye ne-holiday voltage kuyaqinisekiswa ekwamukelweni; isiphawulo asinjalo.
Umbuzo 2: Ukujiya kwe-insulation kukhethwa kanjani?
Impendulo 2: Kusukela ekulinganisweni kokushisa esikhathini sokubamba: indawo ye-shell, ukujiya kanye nokuhamba kokushisa, isimo sendawo kanye nemijikelezo ngosuku. Shono ukulahlekelwa okumile okuhlosiwe ngama-kilowatts kunokuba usho ukujiya kuphela.
Umbuzo 3: Ingabe ithangi kufanele lihlale ngaphakathi komngcele wengcindezi?
A3: Kuphela uma lihlala ekukhishweni kwepompo futhi uhlelo luncike kulo ngenxa yengcindezi. Uma kungenjalo ligcine lisemkhathini, okuncane, okuhlolakalayo futhi okungenasithiyo sokukhulula, futhi noma yikuphi ukuhlelwa nokuklanywa okusetshenzisiwe kuzohambisana nalokho okuvunyelwene ngakho encazelweni.
Q4: Ingabe i-lining kufanele ihlolwe ngokumelene nokwelashwa kwamanzi?
A4: Yebo, uhlelo olusetshenziswa isitshalo ngempela, kufaka phakathi uhlobo lwe-biocide, ibanga le-pH kanye ne-inhibitor. I-lining ehlolwe ngokumelene namanzi ahlanzekile ingase ihluleke ngokushesha ngaphansi kwe-biocide e-oxidising.
Q5: Ingabe i-lining ingalungiswa ngesikhathi sokusebenza?
I-A5: I-epoxy ehlanganiswe ngokushisa ingalungiswa endaweni, ngakho kudingeka imibhalo yenqubo yokulungisa kanye ne-resin ehambisanayo. Amaphaneli e-enamel ayashintshwa esikhundleni sokulungiswa, okwenza ukufinyelela kugobolondo kube yisimo sokukhetha.
Ithangi lokugcina amanzi abandayo elibhalwe kahle lokucaciswa kwesikhungo sedatha lifushane: i-ΔT esebenzisekayo, ivolumu elinganiselwe nesebenzisekayo, umngcele womkhumbi, ingcindezi yokuklama nezinga lokushisa, ukufakwa kwe-lining ngobukhulu nokuhlolwa, isivinini sokungena, umgomo wokuvikela kanye nohlu lwezixhumanisi. Uma kubhalwe esigabeni semibuzo, leyo migqa ingaqhathaniswa phakathi kwabathengisi esikhundleni sokuvela njengama-oda okushintsha ngemuva kokuba igobolondo li-odwe.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Sithumele iphrofayela yomthwalo, amazinga okushisa okunikezwayo nokubuyiselwayo, indawo yesakhiwo kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa kwamanzi. Sizobuyisela iphepha lokucaciswa kwethangi elinevolumu elinganiselwe nesebenzisekayo, umngcele womkhumbi, uhlobo lwe-lining nobukhulu, umgomo wokuvikela, uhlu lwe-nozzle nezinsimbi, kanye nezidingo zokuhlolwa kweholide. Emaphrojekhini asesigabeni somqondo, cela ukuqhathaniswa kwe-lining ngokumelene nohlelo lwakho kanye nokulindelwe ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba umkhumbi ulinganiswe.
WhatsApp