Amathangi Okugcina Amanzi Abandayo Ezikhungweni Zedatha: Ukulinganisa Usayizi, Ukubekwa kanye Nokuklanywa Komjikelezo
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Amathangi Okubhafa Amanzi Apholile Ezikhungweni Zedatha: Ukulinganisa, Ukubeka Nokuklama Kwe-Loop
Ithangi lokugcina amanzi apholile esikhungweni sedatha liyithuluzi lomjikelezo, hhayi indawo yokugcina amanzi. Umthamo walo uveza umphumela kuphela lapho amapayipi azungezile aklanyelwe ukushintsha kwesikhashana okufanele akwamukele, yingakho umthamo wethangi nosayizi wepayipi legatsha kufanele kukhishwe ndawonye hhayi njengamaphakethe ahlukene. Imisebenzi emibili ehluke kakhulu iyacelwa kulo mkhumbi. Eyokuqala ukuvikela i-compressor: ukunikeza isihlungi isikhathi sokusebenza esincane ukuze singashintshi-shintshi ngokushesha lapho umthwalo uphansi, kanti umthamo usetwa ngumthwalo omncane, isikhathi sokusebenza esincane kanye ne-delta-T yomjikelezo. Eyesibili ukudlula kwesikhashana: ukwamukela ushintsho lwesinyathelo kumthwalo ukuze izinga lokushisa lokuhlinzeka lihlale lingaphakathi kwebhendi okwamukelekayo yemishini ye-IT, kanti umthamo usetwa ngobukhulu besikhashana kanye nokuphambuka okwamukelekayo kwezinga lokushisa. Lezi zimo ezimbili zikhiqiza umthamo ohlukene esitshalweni esisodwa, futhi ithangi elilinganiselwe okunye alenzi lutho kokunye. Amagaloni ngetoni iyisihloli esiwusizo sokulinganisa ubukhulu, kodwa ifihla zombili izinto ezilawulayo futhi inesikhathi sokusebenza esisetshenzisiwe kanye ne-delta-T okungenzeka ukuthi umklamo awuyisebenzisi, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lokugcina amanzi esikhungweni sedatha.
Imisebenzi emibili iyacelwa esitsheni esisodwa
Ithangi lokubhafa lingacaciswa ukuze livikele i-compressor, ukuze lidlule esikhashaneni, noma kokubili, futhi lezi zimo ezintathu azikhiqizi isitsha esifanayo. Umbuzo wokuqala kunoma yikuphi ukulinganisa awukho wokuthi ithangi kufanele libe likhulu kangakanani kodwa ukuthi yikuphi isimo esilawulayo elithengiselwa kona, ngoba lezi zimbili zixazululwa ngezinto ezahlukene zokufaka futhi zehluleka ngendlela ehlukile, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lokubhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
Ithangi elilinganiselwe ukumelana nesikhathi eside lingashiya isiqandisi sizungeza ngendlela efanayo nangaphambili, ngoba ukuzungeza kuncike esikhathini sokusebenza kanye nengxenye yomthwalo hhayi ivolumu yamanzi axhunyiwe. Ithangi elilinganiselwe ukuvikela i-compressor lingashiya izinga lokushisa lokuhlinzeka lishintsha kakhulu ngesikhathi sokushintsha komthwalo, ngoba ivolumu yayisetshenziselwe ukugcina isikhathi sokusebenza, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuthi lingakanani ithangi le-buffer lesikhungo sedatha.
Isici | Icala A: ukuvikela i-compressor | Icala B: ukumelana nesikhashana |
Umbuzo olawulayo | Isikhathi esincane sokusebenza emthwalweni omncane ozinzile | Ukuphambuka okwamukelekayo kwezinga lokushisa lokuhlinzeka |
Okokufaka okuyisisekelo | Umthwalo omncane, isikhathi sokusebenza, i-delta-T yomjikelezo | Ubukhulu besikhashana, ubude besikhathi, ukuphambuka |
Uphawu uma umthamo ungalungile | I-compressor iqhubeka nokujikeleza | I-excursion isafinyelela umthwalo |
Lokho leli cala elingakulungisi | Ukuphakama komthwalo okudlula amandla esikhungo | Ukujikeleza okufushane emthwalweni olinganayo ohlala njalo |
Icala lokuqala: ukuvikela i-compressor kanye nesikhathi esincane sokusebenza
Indlela ejwayelekile yokuvikela i-compressor ukuthi iqinisekise isikhathi sokusebenza esincane emthwalweni wayo omncane ozinzile. Umthamo owenza lokhu kwenzeke ngamanzi adingekayo ukuze amunca, ku-delta-T yokuklama, ukushisa okuchithiwe kuleso sikhathi sokusebenza: V = Q x t x 60 / (delta-T x c), lapho u-Q eyisimo sokusebenza ngo-kW futhi u-t eyisikhathi sokusebenza ngemizuzu, njengoba kuchaziwe ngendlela yokulinganisa ithangi le-buffer lesikhungo sedatha.
Isibalo esisetshengiwe siyisibonelo futhi sikhombisa indlela kuphela. Umthwalo omncane ozinzile ka-600 kW, isikhathi sokusebenza semizuzu eyi-10, i-loop delta-T ka-5 K namanzi ane-c = 4.186 kJ/kg.K kunikeza cishe u-17.2 m3. Lezi akuzona izibalo zephrojekthi. Isibalo sangempela sengeza umthamo wamapayipi, ngoba ama-header ahamba nethangi, njengoba kuchaziwe ngendlela yokulinganisa ithangi le-buffer lesikhungo sedatha.
Icala lesibili: ukudlula kwesikhashana nokuphuma kwezinga lokushisa
Icala lesibili liyinkinga yezinga lokushintsha hhayi inkinga yesikhathi sokusebenza. Lapho iqembu lezinyathelo zomthwalo linyathela, isitshalo asikwazi ukushintsha umkhiqizo ngokushesha, futhi umehluko phakathi komthwalo nomkhiqizo wesitshalo kufanele umuncwe yisisindo samanzi eluphini. Inani elilawulayo ukwehluka okwamukelekayo kwezinga lokushisa lokuhlinzeka, okuvela emoyeni nasezikhawulweni zokungena zomthwalo, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
Kusetshenziswa okokufaka okuyisibonelo kuphela, isinyathelo somthwalo esingu-1,200 kW esihlala imizuzu emi-3 ngokwehluka okwamukelekayo kwamanzi ahlanganisiwe okungu-1.5 K kudinga cishe u-34 m3 wamanzi abamba iqhaza: amandla esikhashana ahlukaniswe ngumthamo wokushisa wevolumu nokwehluka okwamukelekayo. Umphumela mkhulu ngoba ukwehluka okwamukelekayo kuncane, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
Ukubalwa kwevolumu, nokuthi kungani amagaloni ngetoni kuwukuhlola kuphela
Ukubalwa kuphelele kuphela lapho isisindo esibambe iqhaza sibalwa ngendlela efanele: umthamo wegobolondo lethangi okufinyelela kuwo ukuhamba, kanye namaheda namagatsha ahamba nawo, kanye nanoma iyiphi iluphu yesibili eshintshiwe ngesikhathi somcimbi. Emathangini amancane amapayipi angaba yingxenye enkulu yesamba, yingakho umthamo ofanayo uziphatha ngendlela ehlukile kumaluphu aseduze, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
Amagaloni ngetoni iwukuhlola kobukhulu bomkhakha, hhayi isicaciso, ngoba inombolo ifaka ngokuthula isikhathi sokusebenza kanye ne-delta-T. Igaloni elilodwa lase-US ngetoni libamba cishe u-3.8 kg wamanzi, okuthi ku-5 K kugcine cishe u-79 kJ nge-K ngayinye; ku-3.517 kW lokho kucishe kube u-2.7 K wokunyakaza ngomzuzu, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
I-Delta-T iqondisa usayizi, kuzo zombili izinhlangothi
Umthamo uyahluka ngokungafani nokwehluka kwezinga lokushisa, ngakho-ke ubudlelwano obenza i-buffer isebenze ku-delta-T ebanzi buyenza ibize kakhulu kweyincane. Ukwehlisa ngohhafu i-delta-T yokuklama kuphinda kabili umthamo: kumafayela e-Case A ayisibonelo, u-10 K unikeza cishe u-8.6 m3, u-5 K unikeza u-17.2 m3 kanti u-2.5 K unikeza u-34.4 m3, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi le-buffer lesikhungo sedatha.
I-delta-T ephansi iyisimo esiqondile lapho kwenzeka khona ukushintsha okufushane, ngoba isitshalo sisezingeni eliphansi lomthwalo, ngakho-ke ukuklama okubhalwe ku-delta-T yomthwalo ogcwele kunciphisa umthamo odingekayo esimweni ithangi elikhona ukuze libhekane naso. Ngakho-ke ukubala kusebenzisa i-delta-T kumthwalo ophansi ozinzile, futhi kuphela ngenkathi okuqukethwe kuxubile: i-buffer ehlukanisiwe imunca ngokusebenzisa ungqimba, hhayi umthamo wegobolondo, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi le-buffer lesikhungo sedatha.
Ukubekwa ku-header evamile, ohlangothini lokudonsa kwepompo
Ithangi lihamba ku-header yokudonsa evamile, ukuze lixhunywe ku-loop noma nini lapho iphampu isebenza futhi umthamo eliwufakayo ufinyelela endaweni yokungena yezitshalo. Ithangi eliseceleni lokukhipha alikwazi ukubusisa ukugeleza okulethwa amaphampu, futhi ithangi legatsha lephampu eyodwa lisebenza kuphela lapho leyo phampu isemsebenzini, njengoba kuchaziwe ngendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
Ezinye izimo ezimbili zifanele zibe kumdwebo ofanayo. Izinga lamanzi kufanele lihlale ngaphezu komugqa womaphakathi wephampu, ngaphandle kwalokho ithangi liyadonsa ngokusebenzisa iphampu futhi umthamo ulahleka ekudonseni. Futhi ukuxhumana kufanele kuvumele amanzi abuyayo ukuba angene ethangini eliphezulu kuyilapho ukunikezwa kudonswa kusuka kungqimba olubandayo olungezansi, njengoba kuchaziwe ngendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
Ukulinganisa amapayipi egatsha ekugelezeni kwesikhashana, imilenze efile nokuhlukanisa
Igatsha elixhumanisa ithangi nekhanda lenziwe ngosayizi ngokugeleza kwesikhashana okufanele ithangi lidlule kukho, hhayi ngokugeleza okungaguquki kokusabalalisa elikubona isikhathi esiningi. Igatsha elenziwe ngosayizi ngokugeleza okungaguquki alikwazi ukudlulisa okwesikhashana ithangi elalibalelwe kona, ngakho umthamo osedwalweni uyihlobiso nje. Ukuhlola kuhlanganisa isivinini, ukwehla kwengcindezi kanye nokugqashuka, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhashana lesikhungo sedatha.
Imilenze efile ivela kumjikelezo ofanayo. Amanzi angeke akwazi ukunyakaza ayama, futhi kumjikelezo wamanzi abandayo lokhu kuletha ingozi yezinto eziphilayo kanye nengozi yokubanda uma uhlelo luthululwa ukuze luvikelwe ebusika. Izivalo zokuhlukanisa akumele zidale umgodi oduze kwethangi, futhi izindawo eziphansi zidinga indawo yokudonsa amanzi. Indlela yokudlula kufanele ithwale ukugeleza okuphelele komjikelezo, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhashana lesikhungo sedatha.
Hlola | Okokufaka komklamo | Umphumela uma kweqiwe |
Usayizi wegatsha ekugelezeni kwesikhashana | Ukugeleza ngesikhathi sesinyathelo somthwalo | Ithangi alikwazi ukumunca okwesikhashana |
Umkhawulo wesivinini egatsheni | Umkhawulo wesivinini sephrojekthi | Umsindo nokuguguleka ekuxhumaneni |
Ukwehla kwengcindezi ekuxhumaneni | Ukulahleka kwengxabano egatsheni | Isikhathi esidlulayo sifika ngaphansi kwezinga lokuklama |
Ukukhuphuka kwamanzi ekugcwaliseni nasekukhipheni | Amazinga okugcwalisa nokukhipha | Ukushaywa kwamanzi nokulimala kombhobho |
Umlenze ofile ekuxhumaneni | Amaphuzu aphansi phakathi kwama-valve okuhlukanisa | Amanzi amile; ukulimala kwengqele |
Ukudlula nokuhlukanisa | Isilinganiso sokugeleza kwesikhathi esiphelele, ukukhipha, i-spool | Igobolondo alikwazi ukususwa ngaphandle kokukhipha amanzi |
Amagobolondo amaningi ku-header eyodwa, kanye nomngcele wengcindezi
Lapho umthamo udinga amagobolondo angaphezu kwelilodwa, amagobolondo ahlala kuheda elifanayo futhi ngalinye lingahlukaniswa ngokwalo, ngakho igobolondo lingakhishwa futhi lisuswe kuyilapho lonke uhlelo lusasebenza. Amagobolondo amancane nawo anciphisa inkinga yokuphakamisa, futhi osayizi abaxubile bayamukeleka uma belinganiswa ngokugeleza okubi kakhulu kwegobolondo elilodwa, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa ledatha yesikhungo sedatha.
Ukulethwa okuqinisekisiwe kwamathangi ayishumi nanye ahlanganiswe nge-epoxy osayizi abaxubile kuheda elabiwe kukhombisa lokho kuhlelwa; umthombo wawo ingamanzi angcolile amakhemikhali, ngakho kucashunwa kuphela ukuhlelwa nokucabanga kokuhlukanisa. Ku-loop evaliwe ibhafa ye-atmospheric ayitholakali, ngoba uhlelo ludinga umngcele wengcindezi: isitsha siba yinto enengcindezi okufanele kuxazululwe ubudlelwano baso nesitsha sokunweba nesithiyo sokusiza, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa ledatha yesikhungo sedatha.
Ukuqaliswa kanye nencazelo equkethe icala elilawulayo
Ithangi lebhafa iyinto elula kakhulu endaweni yamanzi apholile ukuyemukela ephepheni futhi elula kakhulu ukuyishiya ingaqinisekisiwe ekusebenzeni. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kufanele kubonise izici ezimbili okwakushiwo ukulinganisa kosayizi: ukuthi isiqandisi sigcina isikhathi saso esincane sokusebenza, nokuthi izinga lokushisa lokuhlinzeka lihlala ngaphakathi kwebhendi umthwalo owukholelayo ngesikhathi somcimbi oklanyelwe, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuthi ungalinganisa kanjani ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
Ukuhlolwa kuqala isiqandisi ngomthwalo ozinzile omncane, kurekhoda ukuqala kwekhompressa ngehora, bese kushintsha phakathi kwamaphampu esihlokweni esivamile futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ithangi lihlala lixhunyiwe phakathi noshintsho. Kusetshenziswa isinyathelo somthwalo oklanyelwe futhi kurekhodwa amazinga okushisa okungena nokuphuma kwethangi, ukuze impendulo iqhathaniswe nokuphambuka okubaliwe, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuthi ungalinganisa kanjani ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
Uma isiphuma sishintsha indawo ngaphezu kwalokho obekulindelekile, igatsha liyinto yokuqala okufanele ihlolwe, ngoba umkhawulo ekuxhumaneni ukhiqiza umkhondo ofanayo nomthombo ongaphansi. Ukuthunyelwa kuba nokuhlolwa lapho isicelo sichaza isisekelo somklamo: icala elilawulayo, umthwalo omncane ozinzile kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza noma isikhashana nokuphambuka okuvumelekile, i-delta-T yomklamo, umthamo wamapayipi kanye nosayizi wegatsha, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
· Qamba icala elilawulayo: ukuvikelwa kwe-compressor, ukudlula, noma kokubili, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
· Chaza umthwalo omncane ozinzile kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza, noma usayizi wesikhashana nokuphambuka, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
· Chaza i-delta-T yomklamo esimweni somthwalo olawulayo, hhayi emthwalweni ogcwele, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
· Faka ivolumu yamapayipi kubhalansi yesisindo, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa ledatha.
· Beka ithangi kuheda yokudonsa evamile, izinga elingaphezu komugqa waphakathi wepompo, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa ledatha.
· Linganisa igatsha ekuhambeni kwesikhashana, ngomkhawulo wesivinini nokuhlinzeka ngokugxuma, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa ledatha.
· Dinga ukuthi kungabi nemilenze efile phakathi kwethangi neheda, kukhona izindawo zokukhipha amanzi ezikhonjiwe, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa ledatha.
· Rekhoda isikhathi sokusebenza, ukuqala ngehora nokwehluka kokushisa okulinganisiwe kokuhlinzeka, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa ledatha.
Isifundo Sombandela Wephrojekthi
Ukunikezwa kwereferensi yalo msebenzi, okucashunwe emtatsheni wamaphrojekthi oqinisekisiwe. Izinga lokufanisa C. Amathangi ayishumi nanye anosayizi ahlanganisiwe esizeni esisodwa abelana ngeheda elivamile, ngalinye lingahlukaniswa ngokuzimela. Umthombo ingamanzi angcolile amakhemikhali hhayi amanzi abandayo, ngakho iphrojekthi isetshenziselwa kuphela ukuhlelwa okuhambisanayo nokuhleleka kokuhlukaniswa kwesondlo, hhayi noma isiphi isitatimende sokusebenza kokushisa kwamanzi abandayo, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa yesikhungo sedatha.
I-ID yephrojekthi | Izwe | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Inani lamathangi | Ubukhulu | Ukuqedwa | Ububanzi bokuhlinzeka |
CH-WW-4771 | China | Ithangi Elifakwe I-Epoxy (FBE) | 4,771 m3 | 11 | Osayizi abaxubile: φ4.59 × 9.6 m (3), φ6.11 × 9.6 m (4) kanye namanye amathangi angu-4 anosayizi abaxubile | 2025-05 | Akurekhodiwe |
Amathangi ayishumi nanye anosayizi oxubile esizeni esisodwa abelana ngeheda elivamile, ngalinye lingahlukaniswa ngokuzimela. Isihloko ingamanzi angcolile amakhemikhali hhayi amanzi abandayo, ngakho iphrojekthi isetshenziselwa ukuhlelwa okuhambisanayo kanye nengqondo yokuhlukanisa yesondlo kuphela, hhayi noma isiphi isitatimende sokusebenza kokushisa kwamanzi abandayo, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa ledatha.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1. Ithangi lebhafa lixazulula siphi isinkinga ngempela?
Lixazulula inkinga ye-hydraulic kumjikelezo, hhayi inkinga yokugcina. Ibhafa kuheda elivamile lokudonsa lisebenzisa amandla okushisa amanzi ukugcina umkhiqizo wesitshalo uzinzile ekulweni nomthwalo oguqukayo. Ivikela i-compressor ngokuqinisekisa isikhathi sokusebenza esincane, noma ithwala isinyathelo somthwalo phakathi nesikhathi lapho isitshalo singakwazi ukulandela, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa ledatha.
Umbuzo 2. Ukuhluka phakathi kokuvikelwa kwe-compressor nokudlula kwesikhashana kuyini?
Ukuvikelwa kwe-compressor kuyinkinga yesikhathi sokusebenza, exazululwa ngevolumu evumela umshini ukuthi usebenze isikhathi esinqunyiwe esincane emthwalweni wawo omncane ozinzile. Ukudlula kwesikhashana kuyinkinga yezinga lokushintsha, exazululwa ngevolumu emunca ukunyuka komthwalo ngenkathi izinga lokushisa lamanzi ahlanganisiwe lihlala ngaphakathi kokuphambuka okubekezelelwa umthwalo. Ivolumu exazulula enye ishiya enye ingashintshile, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuthi ungayilinganisa kanjani ithangi le-buffer lesikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 3. Ivolumu ibalwa kanjani futhi kungani umthetho wesandla unganele?
Isibalo sithi V = Q x t x 60 / (delta-T x c) wokuvikelwa kwe-compressor, lapho u-Q eyimithwalo emncane ozinzile, u-t isikhathi sokusebenza esincane, i-delta-T umehluko womjikelezo emthwalweni omncane kanye no-c ukushisa okukhethekile, kanye nevolumu yamapayipi abamba iqhaza, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuthi ungayilinganisa kanjani ithangi le-buffer lesikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 4. Kungani i-delta-T ihambisa usayizi?
Ukushisa okugcinwe emanzini kulingana nomahluko wezinga lokushisa okungakwazi ukumunca, ngakho umthamo odingekayo uyahluka ngokulingana nokuhlanekezela kwe-delta-T. Ukwehlisa ngesigamu i-delta-T yokuklama kuphinda kabili umthamo: kokokufakwa okubonisayo, umthwalo ongu-600 kW onesikhathi sokusebenza semizuzu engu-10 unikeza cishe u-8.6 m3 ku-10 K, u-17.2 m3 ku-5 K no-34.4 m3 ku-2.5 K, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lebhafa yesikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 5. Ibhafa kufanele ifakwe kuphi?
Ku-header yokumunca evamile, ngakho ixhunywe ku-loop noma nini lapho iphampu isebenza, izinga lamanzi lingaphezu komugqa waphakathi wephampu ukuze ithangi lingaphumi ngaphakathi kwephampu. Amanzi abuyayo kufanele angene ethangini eliphezulu futhi ukunikezwa kudonswe kusendlalelo esibandayo esiphansi. Ithangi legatsha lephampu eyodwa lisebenza kuphela engxenyeni yesimo sokusebenza, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi le-buffer lesikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 6. Kungani ipayipi legatsha kufanele lilinganiswe ngokugeleza kwesikhashana?
Ngoba umsebenzi wethangi ukudlulisa okwesikhashana, futhi ukugeleza kokusabalalisa okuzinzile elikubonayo isikhathi esiningi kuncane kakhulu. Igatsha elilinganiswe ngokugeleza okuzinzile alikwazi ukudlulisa okwesikhashana ithangi elalibaliwe, ngakho umthamo osemfanekisweni awukho empeleni. Igatsha futhi lidinga ukuhlolwa ngesivinini, ukwehla kwengcindezi kanye nokukhuphuka noma ukwehla kwamanzi lapho kugcwaliswa noma kukhishwa, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi le-buffer lesikhungo sedatha.
Umbuzo 7. Ama-shell amaningi ahlelwa kanjani ku-header eyodwa?
Igobolondo ngalinye lixhuma kunhloko evamile ngokusebenzisa igatsha lalo, ngokuhlukaniswa ukuze igobolondo elilodwa likwazi ukukhishwa futhi lisuswe kuyilapho elinye lisasebenza, futhi kube nendawo yokukhipha emanzini ekuxhumaneni ngakunye. Amagobolondo amancane anciphisa inkinga yokuphakamisa futhi avumela osayizi abahlanganisiwe, kodwa inhloko namagatsha kukalwa ngokugeleza okubi kakhulu kwegobolondo elilodwa, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokukala ithangi lebhafa ledatha.
Umbuzo 8. Kucatshangelwa kanjani umngcele wengcindezi nokukhululeka?
Kumjikelezo ovaliwe ithangi alikwazi ukuba yisitsha esivulekile, ngakho ibhafa liba yinto evaliwe futhi ubudlelwano bayo nesitsha sokunweba, ukudonsa kwepompo kanye nedivayisi yokukhululeka kufanele kuxazululwe. Ibhafa akumele ithathwe njengedivayisi yokukhululeka, ngoba isethingi yokukhululeka kufanele ibe ngaphezu kwengcindezi evumelekile yengxenye ebuthakathaka kakhulu, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokukala ithangi lebhafa ledatha.
Umbuzo 9. Ukuthunyelwa kwemisebenzi kubonisa kanjani ukuthi usayizi wawulungile?
Ngokuloga amanani alinganisiwe esikhundleni sokuqopha ukudlula. Isihlaziyi siqalwa emthwalweni omncane ozinzile futhi ukuqalwa kwekhompresha ngehora kuyarekhodwa ngokuqhathaniswa nesikhathi sokusebenza esidingekayo; amaphampu avulwa kuheda evamile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ithangi lihlala lixhunyiwe; futhi kusetshenziswa isinyathelo somthwalo esiklanyelwe namazinga okushisa okungena nokuphuma ayarekhodwa ukuze aqhathaniswe nokwehluka okubaliwe, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuthi ungalinganisa kanjani ithangi lebhafa lesikhungo sedatha.
Ithangi lokugcina lamanzi apholile alinikezi lutho lodwa. Linikeza uma icala elilawulayo seliqanjwe, umthamo ubalwe kulelo cala hhayi ngomkhuba wokulinganisa, ithangi lixhunywe ku-header yokudonsa evamile ngaphezu komugqa womaphakathi wepompo, futhi ipayipi legatsha lilinganiswe ukudlula isikhashana umbalo owucabangelayo. Izindlela ezimbili zokwehluleka ziyabikezelwa: ithangi elilinganiswe ukuvikela isikhathi sokusebenza elishiya i-compressor ijikeleza njengakuqala, kanye nethangi elilinganiswe ukudlula ekushiseni elishiya izinga lokushisa lokuhlinzeka lishintsha njengakuqala. Kokubili kugwenywa ngumkhuba ofanayo: shono icala elilawulayo, i-delta-T yokuklama esimweni esilawulayo kanye nosayizi wegatsha, bese ufakazela umphumela ekusebenziseni ngokulinganisa isikhathi sokusebenza nokuphambuka kwezinga lokushisa, njengoba kuchaziwe ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ithangi lokugcina ledatha center.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Nge-tanki le-buffer yamanzi apholile, thumela ukuhlelwa kwesikhungo kanye nedatha ye-loop: umthamo we-chiller kanye nedatha yokulayisha ingxenye noma ye-turndown, isikhathi esincane sokusebenza esidingwa umkhiqizi, i-delta-T yokuklama ye-loop ekulayisheni okuncane, umthamo wamapayipi ku-common header, ukwehluka okuphezulu okuvunyelwe kwezinga lokushisa lokuhlinzeka, ukuphakama kwamaphampu kanye ne-topology ye-header, kanye nobubanzi bokuhlinzeka obudingekayo. Sizobuyisela ucwaningo lokulinganisa umthamo olukhombisa icala elilawulayo, umthamo obaliwe okuhlanganisa namapayipi abambe iqhaza, ukulinganisa kwama-branch ekuhambeni kwesikhashana ngezikhathi zokuhlola isivinini nokukhuphuka, ukubekwa kanye nokuhlelwa kokuhlukanisa, kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza ngemigomo yokwamukela eqoshiwe, ngokuningiliziwe kokuthi ungalilinganisa kanjani itanki le-buffer lesikhungo sedatha.
Mayelana ne-Center Enamel
I-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd (Center Enamel) ingumkhiqizi ochwepheshe ozinikele ekuklameni nasekwakheni amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngamabhawodi kusukela ngo-2008. Uhlu lwemikhiqizo luhlanganisa amathangi e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS), amathangi e-Fusion-Bonded Epoxy (FBE), amathangi ensimbi engagqwali, amathangi ensimbi egilandi kanye nophahla lwedome le-geodesic le-aluminium, kanye nokwesekwa kobuchwepheshe be-EPC kanye nezinsiza zamathangi. Ukukhiqizwa kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001, ISO 14001 kanye ne-ISO 45001, futhi uhlu lwemikhiqizo luqinisekisiwe nge-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, CE kanye ne-EN 1090, ISO 28765, AWWA D103-09 kanye ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona. Inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 okufaka uqweqwe lwe-enamel, isebenza endaweni yokukhiqiza engu-150,000 m2, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi anoqweqwe lwe-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ithumele amathangi emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Ikhono lokuklama kobunjiniyela lihlanganisa umthamo wamathangi afinyelela ku-60,000 m3, njengoba kuchaziwe ngemininingwane yokuthi ungalinganisa kanjani ithangi le-buffer ledatha yesikhungo.
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