Ukuxubana okunembayo nokuqina: Isiqondiso se-Center Enamel samathangi okugqugquzela ekucubunguleni amaminerali
Kwadalwa ngo 02.06
Ukuxubeka Okunembayo Nokuqina: Isiqondiso se-Center Enamel Samathangi Okugqugquzela Ekucubunguleni Amaminerali
Empilweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthuthukisa amaminerali, ithangi lokugxambukela lisebenza njengomshini obalulekile wokuphendula kwamakhemikhali nokuhlanganisa ngokomzimba. Noma ngabe ukulungisa i-pulp yommbila ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa, ukukhipha igolide kumjikelezo we-CIL, noma ukubuyisa ubumuncu emanzini emayini, ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokugxambukela kuthinta ngqo izinga lokubuyisa lokugcina kanye nokwenzeka kwezomnotho kwemayini.
Njengomholi womhlaba wonke ekwenzeni amathangi ahlanganiswe ngezimbobo, i-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd (Center Enamel) isibuyekeze izindinganiso zezitsha ezibalulekile. Ngokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bethu be-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS) obusezingeni lomhlaba nezinhlelo zokuxuba eziyiklanywe ngokunemba, sihlinzeka ngezixazululo zokugxambukela ezimelana nosongo oluphindwe kabili lokugqwala kwamakhemikhali okunolaka nokuguguleka kwe-slurry esheshayo.
1. Umsebenzi Oyinhloko: Kungani Ukugxambukela Kubalulekile
Endaweni yokucubungula amaminerali, ukugqugquzela akuyona nje "ukugxambukela." Kuyinqubo enobunjiniyela eyenzelwe ukufeza izinjongo ezintathu eziyinhloko:
A. Ukumiswa kwezinto eziqinile (Ukumiswa ngaphezu kobuso)
Izinsalela eziningi zamaminerali zakhiwa izinhlayiya ezinobuningi obuphezulu (ubuningi obukhethekile ngokuvamile budlula u-3.5). Ngaphandle kokugqugquzela okuqhubekayo, okunomfutho omkhulu, lezi zinto eziqinile zingase zihlale phansi ngokushesha phansi kwethangi, okuholela ekubeni "kugcwale isihlabathi" okungabambezela inqubo futhi kulimaze izindlela zokuhambisa.
B. Ukulungisa izidakamizwa
Emisebenzini yokuhlanganisa, i-ore pulp kufanele ixhumane nezinto ezikhiphayo, ezikhiphayo, nezishintshayo. Ukugqugquzela kuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinhlayiya ze-ore zivezwa ngokulinganayo kulezi zikhemikhali, kudala ubuso obungenawo amanzi obudingekayo ukuze kube nokuqhakaza okuphumelelayo.
C. Ukudluliswa kwesisindo nokuncibilika
Ezinhlelweni zokukhipha amaminerali (njengokukhipha igolide nge-cyanide noma ukukhipha ithusi nge-asidi), ukugxambukela kusiza ukudluliswa kwesisindo phakathi kwe-lixiviant ewuketshezi kanye nomunerali ongafiyo. Ngokugcina indawo enomfutho omkhulu, ukugxambukela kuphula ungqimba oluzungeze izinhlayiya, kusheshe ukuncibilika kwamaminerali ayigugu.
2. Isixazululo se-Center Enamel: Amathangi Okugxambukela e-GFS
Amathangi okugxambukela endabuko—avame ukwenziwa ngensimbi eqinile noma ukhonkolo—avame ukwehluleka ngenxa yomphumela omkhulu wokuguguleka kwezinto ezihlikihlayo ezihlanganiswe namakhemikhali acubungulayo. I-Center Enamel ixazulula lokhu ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bethu obuyimfihlo be-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS).
Kungani i-GFS Inamandla Okokugqugquzela:
Ukuqina kwe-Mohs okungu-6.0: Ukugqoka kwengilazi kuqine njenge-quartz. Endaweni yokugqugquzela lapho i-slurry ihlala ijikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu, ukuqina lokhu kunikeza "isivikelo sokuguga" esidlula izendlalelo ze-epoxy ezivamile ngeminyaka eyishumi.
Ukungazweli kumakhemikhali (pH 1–14): Kusuka ku-sulfuric acid egxilile esetshenziswa ekuguguleni i-nickel kuya ezixukwini ze-cyanide ze-alkaline ekucubunguleni igolide, amathangi ethu e-GFS ahlala engathathi hlangothi kumakhemikhali.
Indawo Enganqikizi Kancane: Indawo yengilazi iyashelela kakhulu, okunciphisa "ukungqubuzana kodonga." Lokhu kuholela ezindleleni zokugeleza eziphumelela kakhudlwana ngaphakathi ethangini, kunciphisa amandla adingekayo yinjini yokugqugquzela ukugcina ukumiswa.
Umklamo Wokuhlanganisa Ngama-bolt: Ngokungafani namathangi ashisiwe adinga amasonto okushisa nokudweba okuyingozi endaweni, amathangi e-Center Enamel aqedwa efektri futhi ahlanganiswe ngama-bolt. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthunyelwa ngokushesha emakamu ezimayini akude lapho izisebenzi eziqeqeshiwe ziyindlala.
3. Ukuklama Uhlelo Lokugqugquzela
Ithangi lokugqugquzela le-Center Enamel liyisistimu ehlanganisiwe ngokuphelele. Asinikezi nje isikhumba; siklama izinto zangaphakathi.
Ubuchwepheshe be-Impeller Obulungisiwe
Kuncike ekusetshenzisweni, sisebenzisa izimo ezahlukene ze-impeller:
Ama-impeller e-Hydrofoil: Abalunge kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezinokugeleza okuphezulu, okungenawo umsindo njengokumisa okuvumelanayo kwezinto eziqinile ematankini amakhulu amanzi okucubungula.
Ama-turbine e-Pitch Blade: Abalunge kakhulu ekuhambeni okuhlanganisiwe kwe-axial ne-radial, aqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni imithi zigqugquzelwa kahle kumakhekhe amakhulu.
Ama-impeller e-High-Shear: Asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekusakazweni kwegesi nokuxhumana okunamandla kwezinto ezisetshenziswa emayini nezinto ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni imithi.
Idizayini ye-Baffle Enembile
Ngaphandle kwezihlukanisi, uketshezi ethangini eliyindilinga lungadala ukuzungeza okuyisiphepho, okuholela ekuxubeni okungalungile kanye "nezindawo ezifile." I-Center Enamel ibala ngokwezifiso ukubekwa nobubanzi bezihlukanisi zangaphakathi ukuze kuguqulwe ukuhamba okujikelezayo kube ukujikeleza okuqondile, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi u-100% wevolumu yethangi usebenza.
Ukusekelwa kwe-EPC Okuhlanganisiwe
Sihlinzeka ngosekelo lobuchwepheshe obugcwele, kusukela kumodeli ye-Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)—eqopha izindlela zokuhamba ngaphakathi ethangini ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa—kuya ekuthunyweni kwama-motor agitator namagiya.
4. Izicelo Eziyinhloko Embonini Yamaminerali
Ukulungisa i-Flotation
Ngaphambi kokungena emakamelweni e-flotation, i-pulp iyanyakaziswa emithangini ye-Center Enamel ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwama-frothers nama-collectors. Amathangi ethu avimbela "amabhola" ezidakamizwa futhi aqinisekise ukudla okungaguquki kumjikelezo we-flotation.
Igolide CIL/CIP (Carbon-in-Leach)
Ekucubunguleni igolide, amathangi kufanele agcine inhlanganisela yepulp yamatshe, i-cyanide, kanye ne-carbon esebenzayo. Ukuqina kwe-carbon kanye nobuthi be-cyanide kudinga ukuboshwa okuphelele nokumelana nokuguga okuhlinzekwa yi-GFS kuphela.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Acid Mine Drainage (AMD)
Ukungathathi hlangothi udoti olune-asidi ludinga ukwengezwa u-lime noma amanye ama-ejenti e-alkaline. Amathangi ethu e-GFS aphatha ukushintsha okwedlulele kwe-pH ngesikhathi senqubo yokungathathi hlangothi ngaphandle kwengozi yokubola komqulu.
Ukubuyisela i-tailings emanzini
I-tailings e-thickened ivame ukudinga ukuthi "ibuyiselwe emanzini" ibe ukungaguquguquki okungakwazi ukumpompwa ukuze kuthuthwe. Izinhlelo zethu zokugqugquzela ezinamandla amakhulu ziqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho ne-paste e-high-density ingahlanganiswa futhi ihambiswe ngempumelelo.
5. Imininingwane Yobuchwepheshe Namazinga Omhlaba
Ukuzibophezela kwe-Center Enamel ekuqeqesheni kubonakala ngokuthobela kwethu amakhodi obunjiniyela anzima kakhulu emhlabeni:
Izinga: AWWA D103-09, ISO 28765, NSF/ANSI 61 (amanzi okuphuza), kanye ne-Eurocode.
Umthamo: Kusukela emathangini okugcina izinto zokuhlanza ezincane (20 m³) kuya kumachibi amakhulu okucubungula adlula u-30,000 m³.
Amandla Emotoro: Izinhlelo ezisukela ku-1 HP kuya ku-400 kW, kuncike ekuminyeni nasekuqinekeni kwe-slurry.
Ukushayela Ukukhiqiza Ezimayini
Endaweni enokucindezela okuphezulu yesimanje yesimanje yemayini, itanki lokugqugquzela liyinhliziyo yenqubo yamachiza. I-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd (Center Enamel) ihlinzeka ngesisombululo esiqeda izinsongo ezimbili ezinkulu kulezi zixhobo: ukugqwala nokuklebhula.
Ngokukhetha amathangi ethu okugqugquzela ahlanganiswe nge-GFS, ukhetha impahla enesikhathi sokuphila esingu-30 yeminyaka, ukufakwa okusheshayo, kanye nezidingo eziphansi kakhulu zokugcinwa embonini.
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