Amathangi Okugcina Umoya Wokulinganisa Ukugeleza Ezitshalweni Zamanzi Angcolile
Kwadalwa ngo 02.12
Amathangi e-Aeration Buffer Okulinganisa Ukugeleza Ezitshalweni Zamanzi Angcolile
Ithangi le-aeration buffer ligcina amanzi angcolile isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze kuthanjiswe iziqongo obekungase zishaye isigaba sebhayoloji ngokugcwala kwamanzi noma ngobuthi obungazelelwe. Inzuzo yalo isekulinganiseni elikunikezayo: ukugeleza okungaguquguquki kanye nomthwalo ongaguquguquki kuvumela uhlelo lwe-aeration ukuthi lugcine i-dissolved oxygen eduze kwesethiweyo esikhundleni sokuyilandela. Yiklame ngokwejika langempela lansuku zonke kanye nomthwalo omubi kakhulu wesigameko, unikeze isembozo esilawula iphunga ngaphandle kokubamba igesi, futhi ukhethe ingaphakathi elisinda endaweni ye-sulfide ne-foam, lapho indawo ye-glass-fused-to-steel phezu kwebanga le-pH 1 kuya ku-14 ene-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm iqeda isikhathi eside kunama-coatings afakiwe.
Isiteshi samaphampu okungena sakhelwe isikhathi esiphakeme sezulu esimanzi, kanti ingxenye esele yesitshalo sakhelwe into encane kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwesibambi, konke ukugeleza kweloli, konke ukushintsha kwesikhathi emafemini axhumene kanye nokwehla kwasekhaya kwasebusuku kuhamba ngqo kungene emgodini wokuphefumula umoya. Izifutho ziyenyuka, umoya-mpilo oncibilikile uyashintshashintsha, umgodi ulahlekelwa yi-biomass eyayitshalwe iminyaka ukuyikhulisa, futhi ukufundwa kwemvume endaweni yokuphuma kukhombisa indaba ngemuva kwesonto. Ithangi lesibambi sokuphefumula umoya elibekwe ngaphambi kwesigaba sebhayoloji liyimpendulo elula, kodwa futhi liyisitsha esinezinkinga zaso: igwebu, iphunga, phansi okuhleliwe, kanye nengaphakathi okufanele limelane nakho konke okwalethwa umgudu wendle ngakusasa ekuseni. Ngamanye amazwi, amathangi esibambi sokuphefumula umoya ayisihlanganisi sokushaqeka kwamanzi esitshalo esingakaze sisibekele isabelomali kuze kube ukufundwa kwemvume kokuqala kwehluleka, futhi ukulinganisa okungezansi kusebenza kusukela kujika lokugeleza hhayi kusukela kumthetho wesandla.
Lokho i-Buffer Ekugcinayo
Ithangi lokugcina umoya elilinganisa amanzi kanye nomthwalo wezinto eziphilayo, futhi lezi zinto ezimbili zidinga ubukhulu obuhlukene. Ukulinganisa amanzi umbuzo womthamo: hlanganisa umehluko phakathi kokungena kwamanzi kanye namazi isigaba sezinto eziphilayo esingawamukela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi indawo engaphansi kwalelo jo lona iyisitoreji esidingekayo. Ukulinganisa izinto eziphilayo umbuzo wobuningi, ngoba iqoqo lamanzi angcolile anamandla aphezulu lithwala ikhabhoni okungekho mthamo wesitoreji oyisusa; ungayisabalalisa kuphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Emisebenzini yezitshalo ubukhulu balandela ijika lansuku zonke kanye nomkhawulo wesigameko esisodwa esibi kakhulu, bese uhlola ukuthi umthamo ovelayo uyakhishwa yini yikhanda elikhona noma udinga iphampu. Ithangi lokugcina umoya elincane kakhulu libi ukwedlula ukungabi nalo nhlobo, ngoba lengeza isikhathi sokubamba ngaphandle kokwengeza amandla okubamba amanzi amaningi futhi landise ngokuthule inkinga yokuhla kwendle ephansi.
Ukuhlelwa: I-Plug Flow, I-Completely Mixed noma I-Sequenced
I-tank configuration inquma ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-equalization olutholayo. I-buffer exubene ngokuphelele ene-aeration enamandla inikeza ukulinganisa okuhle kakhulu kwe-hydraulic kanye nokulawula iphunga okuhle kakhulu ngoba ivolumu yonke iyahamba, kodwa idinga umsebenzi omkhulu womoya noma wokuxuba ngomshini. I-plug-flow noma i-series-compartment arrangement ivumela isitshalo ukuthi sisebenzise i-buffer njengesigaba esandulelayo futhi sigcine isidingo somoya esiphansi. Izitshalo eziningi zihlukanisa umehluko nge-sequenced batch approach: gcwalisa, xuba, khipha, ukuze ivolumu isebenze kabili njenge-equalization nanjengokwelashwa okwengxenye. Noma ngabe iyiphi i-configuration, gcina ukuxuba okwanele ezingeni eliphansi ukuvimbela phansi ukuthi kungagcwali udaka, futhi qinisekisa ukuthi ukukhipha kungakwazi ukukhipha ithangi lifike ezingeni elivumela iphampu ukuthi isebenze ngaphandle kokuqina, ngoba i-buffer engakaze ikhuphe ngokuphelele iqala ukunuka.
Igwebu, I-Scum kanye nombuzo wekhava
Ithangi le-aeration buffer elimboziwe linuka ngaphandle uma isembozo sakhiwe ngendlela efanele, hhayi nje ukufakwa. Igwebu kanye nenkukhu ziyanqwabelana lapho indawo engaphezulu ithule khona, ngakho ithangi elimboziwe ngokuphelele elingenakho ukunyakaziswa kwendawo engaphezulu liba yisicaba senkukhu esivimba ukushintshana kwegesi futhi senze iphunga libe libi kakhulu. Isisombululo esisebenzayo ukugcina indawo emboziwe incane ngangokunokwenzeka edingekayo ekuqoqeni, ukufaka i-scum skimmer noma i-bristle brush aerator eceleni kwendawo engaphezulu, nokuhambisa indawo engenalutho iye eyunithi yokulawula iphunga esikhundleni sokuyikhiphela ngaphandle. Ithangi le-glass-fused-to-steel liyasiza lapha ngoba ingaphakathi liqukile lingu-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm, ngakho igwebu ne-biofilm ziyakhululeka esikhundleni sokunamathela, futhi indawo engasebenzi ehlanganisa i-pH 1 kuya ku-14 ibhekana namaphakethe ane-asidi akheka ngaphansi kwesicaba senkukhu.
Izinto zangaphakathi endaweni ene-sulfide
I-headspace engaphezulu kwetanki yokulinganisa iyisimo sokugqwala, hhayi uketshezi. Amaphakethe e-anaerobic ezansi akhiqiza i-hydrogen sulfide, futhi lapho i-pH ingaphezu kuka-8 i-ammonia iba nokubaluleka futhi, ehlasela insimbi ye-carbon steel engenalutho endaweni yokuhlangana komoya noketshezi kanye nasendaweni ephezulu eyindandatho. Izinto zokumboza ezisetshenzisiwe ziyakubambezela kodwa ekugcineni ziyaxebuka zibe yizicucu, futhi ukukhubazeka kwesiqephu kuba umgodi omncane obese uvuza. I-enamel encibilikisiwe ngaphakathi kwetanki ye-glass-fused-to-steel isusa leyo ndlela: ungqimba luka-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm lucibilikiswa ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, lukalwa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm², futhi wonke amaphaneli ahlolwa nge-spark ku-1500 V DC ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Kuleyo mifudlana, i-epoxy yangaphakathi ehlanganiswe nge-fusion-bonded engu-180 kuya ku-280 µm ngaphansi kwe-AWWA C550 iyindlela yesibili efanele, kuyilapho i-hot-dip galvanizing ku-GB/T 13912-2020 ingafaneleki lapha.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokushisa lokuncibilikisa i-enamel | 820–930 °C | Ukuncibilikisa okwedlula kanye epaneleni lensimbi |
Ukujiya kwe-enamel coating | 0.25–0.45 mm | Ingaphakathi elingenasici ku-pH 1–14 |
Amandla ongqimba luka-enamel | ≥ 3,450 N/cm² | Ukumelana nokugoba nokushaywa |
Ukuqabuka kobuso | Ra < 0.8 µm | Ukukhishwa kwe-foam ne-biofilm |
I-voltage yokuhlola i-spark | 1500 V DC | Ngephaneli ngayinye ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa |
Ubukhulu befilimu ye-FBE epoxy | 180–280 µm | Enye indlela yangaphakathi ye-AWWA C550 |
Ukumelana ne-FBE salt spray | > 4,000 h | Ukuqina kokugqwala |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | ≥ 30 iminyaka | Ngesistimu yangaphakathi ecacisiwe |
Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokulinganisa Nezinsimbi Zokulinganisa
Akha i-mass balance kuqala: faka isigrafu sokugeleza kwamanzi angenayo ngehora phakathi nesonto elimele, susa ukugeleza okungamukelwa isigaba sebhayoloji, bese uhlanganisa indawo enhle ukuze uthole umthamo odingekayo; bese wengeza imajini yesiphepho sokuklama noma ukukhishwa kwezimboni okubi kakhulu. Qinisekisa ukuphakama kokungena nokuphuma ukuze ukudla ngamandla adonsela phansi kusebenze, noma shaja ukumpompa. Faka ithuluzi lezinga elisafunda ngokweqiniso lapho kukhona igwebu, okujwayele ukusho izindlela eziningi kuneyodwa. Nikeza i-freeboard yokwanda kwegwebu, indlela yokuqoqa i-scum eya e-headworks, kanye naphansi okungashayelwa emuva enqubweni kunokuba kushayelwe emseleni wesiphepho. Futhi funa ukuthi umthengisi aklame isisekelo somthwalo ophezulu wamanzi kanye nentlenga, njengoba ithangi le-aeration buffer lihlala ligcwele isikhathi eside futhi umthwalo awubonakali esisindweni esingenalutho.
Icala Lomklamo
Umklamo | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi anombhobho omkhulu | INamibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada |
Amanzi agcinelwe umlilo | ISichuan, eChina | Ithangi le-GFS, amayunithi ama-2 | 8,930 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + isiqondiso sokufaka |
Uhlelo lwamanzi angcolile kamasipala | ISichuan, eChina | Ithangi le-GFS, amayunithi ayi-10 | 17,420 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + isiqondiso sokufaka |
Amandla Obunjiniyela be-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngamabhawudi kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi idizayini ibhekisela ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Ngenkonzo yokungenisa umoya nokulinganisa lokhu kuhlanganisa ingaphakathi lika-enamel ne-epoxy elichazwe ngenhla, amakhava nokuqondiswa komoya okuya ekulawuleni iphunga, kanye nokulayisha kwesisekelo somkhumbi ohlala ezingeni eligcwele isikhathi eside.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwethangi lokubamba umoya elibizwa nge-aeration buffer tank kanye ne-aeration basin?
Impendulo 1: I-aeration basin iyisitsha sokuhlanza lapho umoya uphephuzwa khona ngokusebenzisa ingxube yamanzi ukuze kukhule i-biomass. I-aeration buffer tank iyisitsha sokubamba esisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa ukugeleza kwamanzi ngaphambi kwesigaba sokuhlanza, nakuba ingangenisa umoya ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuhla kwezinto. Ezinye izitshalo zisebenzisa isitsha esisodwa kule misebenzi yomibili.
Umbuzo 2: Uyilinganisa kanjani ivolumu yokulinganisa?
A2: Hlela ukungena kwamanzi ngehora uma kuqhathaniswa nokugeleza okungamukelwa isigaba esingezansi, hlanganisa umehluko omuhle ngesonto elibi kakhulu, bese wengeza imajini yesiphepho esiklanyelwe. Ama-organic slugs awakwazi ukugcinwa, angasakazwa kuphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho ukukhishwa okunamandla aphezulu kudinga ukuhlolwa okwehlukile.
Q3: Ingabe ithangi lidinga isembozo?
A3: Lapho iphunga lilawulwa khona, yebo, kodwa isembozo esibamba i-scum mat ethule senza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu. Gcina indawo emboziwe ilinganiselwe, nyakazisa noma skima ingaphezulu, futhi uhambise indawo yomoya ebhokisini lokuhlanza eliphathekayo noma iyunithi ye-activated carbon.
Q4: Iyiphi ingaphakathi elingcono kumfudlana one-sulfide?
A4: Ingaphakathi le-enamel elihlanganisiwe liyisinqumo esiqinile kulo lonke uhla lwe-pH 1 kuya ku-14, kanti i-fusion-bonded epoxy engu-180 kuya ku-280 µm iyinketho yesibili. Insimbi ye-galvanized ayifaneleki emsebenzini we-sulfide ne-acidic.
Q5: Ingabe ithangi eliboshiwe lingasetshenziswa njengebhafa lokungenisa umoya?
A5: Yebo. Amathangi aboshiwe asezingeni lomhlaba anendawo yangaphakathi efanele asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa nokugcina, futhi ngenxa yokuthi amaphaneli afika esegcotshiwe efektri futhi ehlolwe nge-spark, isimo sangaphakathi sibhalwa kusukela ekuqaleni.
Q6: Ingabe inkinga yegwebu isingathwa kanjani?
A6: Ngokunyakazisa indawo engaphezulu njengama-brush aerators, i-scum skimmer ebuyela emthonjeni wamanzi, kanye ne-freeboard eyanele yokwanda kwegwebu. Indawo ebushelelezi ye-enamel ku-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm inciphisa ukuthi igwebu linamathela kangakanani odongeni.
Ithangi le-aeration buffer ingenye yezindlela ezishibhe kakhulu zokuvimbela isitshalo sebhayoloji ukuthi silandele i-influent yaso; inani laso livela ekwandiseni ngezinga ikhava ye-hydraulic nokusabalalisa ama-organic spikes ngaphambi kokuba afike kwi-biomass. Umsebenzi wokuklama i-mass balance kanye nokubheka ngobuqotho i-foam, i-scum kanye ne-headspace egcwele i-sulfide, futhi lezo zinto ezintathu zinquma ivolumu, isembozo kanye nengaphakathi kunanoma yisiphi esinye isici. Yilinganise ngokuhambisana ne-diurnal curve yangempela, gcina indawo ingaphezulu ihamba, futhi khetha ingaphakathi elakhelwe igesi hhayi uketshezi.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Sithumele i-hourly influent flow profile kanye ne-peak yayo, ukuhlukahluka kwamandla kwe-stream, i-downstream flow i-aeration stage engayamukela, umkhawulo wokulawula iphunga wesayithi, kanye ne-footprint etholakalayo. Uzothola i-sizing calculation, i-configuration option, isincomo sangaphakathi kanye nephakethe eliphelele lomdwebo kanye nesitifiketi.
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