Izinzuzo Zamathangi Okugcina Agcwele Ngama-bolt
Kwadalwa ngo 02.27
Izinzuzo zamathangi okugcina ahlanganiswe ngezimbobo
Amathangi okugcina akhiwe ngezikulufu aseke abe ngesinye sezixazululo ezivame ukwamukelwa kakhulu emikhakheni kahulumeni, ezimbonini, ezolimo, ezimayini, kanye neyokukhiqiza amandla. Yakhelwe ngamaphaneli ensimbi ahlukaniswe izingxenye, akhiqizwa endaweni ekhethekile yasefektri futhi ahlanganiswe endaweni yokwakha kusetshenziswa izikulufu eziqinile, la mathangi ahlinzeka ngendlela yesimanje esikhundleni sezinhlelo zokugcina ezihlangene noma ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi.
Ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo sezindawo zokugcina ezonga imali, ezihlala njalo, futhi ezikhula ngosayizi, amathangi okugcina akhiwe ngezikulufu avelele ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwawo ekufakweni, ukuthembeka kwawo ngokwakhiwa, ukumelana kwawo nokugqwala, kanye nezinzuzo zawo zezomnotho zesikhathi eside.
Ngezansi kunikezwa isibuyekezo esibanzi sezinhloko zezinzuzo zamathangi okugcina akhiwe ngezikulufu.
Ukufakwa Okusheshayo kanye Nesikhathi Esifushane Sokwakha
Esinye sezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zamathangi okugcina anezikulufu ukufakwa kwawo okusheshayo nokusebenza kahle.
Ngokungafani namathangi ashishwelelwe adinga ukushisela okuningi endaweni, amathangi anezikulufu asebenzisa amaphaneli akhiwe ngaphambili alawa:
Ahlolwe ngokunemba efektri
Ahlanganiswe noma aphathwe ngaphambili
Alethelwa elungele ukuhlanganiswa
Izinzuzo:
Ukwakhiwa okuncane endaweni
Ukuncipha kwezidingo zabasebenzi
Ukunciphisa ukuncika ezimweni zezulu
Ukuqedwa komsebenzi okusheshayo
Ukuqalisa okusheshayo
Ukuze uthole ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okuphuthumayo, ukwanda kwezimboni, noma amaphrojekthi engozi yesikhathi, isikhathi sokufakwa esincishisiwe siyinzuzo enkulu.
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okungcono efektri
Amapaneli ethangi ahlanganiswe ngezimbobo akhiqizwa ngaphansi kwezimo eziqinile ezilawulwa efektri, aqinisekisa ikhwalithi ehambisanayo.
Ukukhiqiza efektri kuqinisekisa:
Ukujiya okufanayo kwe-coating
Ukuhlelwa okunembayo kwezimbobo zezikulufu
Amazinga okuqina angaguquki
Izinsolo ezibanzi zekhwalithi
Ukuphathwa kwezinkinga zokufaka okuncishisiwe
Uma kuqhathaniswa namathangi ashishwelelwe akhiqizwa ensimini, ancike kakhulu ezimweni zendawo namazinga amakhono abasebenzi, amathangi anezikulufu azuzwa kumakhono okukhiqiza ajwayelekile futhi aphindeka kalula.
Idizayini Eyingxenye futhi Engandiswa
Amathangi okugcina anezikulufu akhiwa kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwamaphaneli angxenye. Le dizayini inikeza ukuguquguquka okungafani.
Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko:
Ukunwebeka kalula ngokungeza amaringi engeziwe
Ukuphakama nokubamba kwethangi okuhlengwa ngendlela
Amandla okudilizwa nokuhanjiswa kabusha
Ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwekusasa ngaphandle kokwakhiwa kabusha ngokuphelele
Lokhu okuguquguqukayo kwenza amathangi aboshwe ngamabhawodi alungele imiphakathi ekhulayo, izitshalo zezimboni ezikhulayo, kanye nezindawo zezolimo ezilindele ukwanda kwesidingo.
Amathangi okwakhiwa ngokhokolo, ngokuphambene, ahlala njalo futhi kunzima ukuwashintsha uma esakhiwe.
Ukumelana Nokugqwala Okuhle Kakhulu
Ukuvuvukala kungenye yezinselelo ezinkulu ekusebenzeni kwamathangi okugcina. Amathangi okugcina aboshwe ngamabhawodi angakhiqizwa ngezendlalelo zokuvikela ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nalezi:
Ingilazi-Ehlanganiswe-Nesimbi (GFS)
I-Epoxy Eboshwe Ngokuhlanganiswa (FBE)
Ins simbi e-Galvanized
Insipho engagqwalile
Lezi zendlalelo zinikeza:
Ukumelana nezindawo ezinama-acid ne-alkaline
Ukuvikelwa ekugqwaleni nasekuvuvukeni
Izindawo zangaphakathi ezibushelelezi ukuze kube nenhlanzeko
Impilo yesevisi ende edlula iminyaka engu-20-30
Lokhu kwenza amathangi aboshwe ngamabhawodi afanelekele ukwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka, ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuphuzwayo, ukuphatha udaka, ukugcinwa kwamakhemikhali, kanye noketshezi lwezimboni.
Ukusebenza Okonga Imali Komjikelezo Wempilo
Ngenkathi utshalomali lokuqala lubalulekile, ukusebenza kwezindleko zesikhathi eside kubalulekile.
Amathangi okugcina aboshwe ngamabhawodi anciphisa izindleko zeprojekthi sezizonke ngokusebenzisa:
Ukufakwa okusheshayo (izindleko zabasebenzi eziphansi)
Izinsiza ezincane zesakhiwo esinzima endaweni
Izidingo zokugcinwa ezincishisiwe
Izindleko zokuthutha eziphansi (amaphaneli afakwe eyisicaba)
Isikhathi eside sokusebenza
Emashumini eminyaka okusebenza, lezi zonga zithuthukisa kakhulu ukubuyiselwa kwezimali.
Izinhlobonhlobo Ezibanzi Zezicelo
Amathangi okugcina ambolekileyo ayasebenza kakhulu futhi angakwazi ukuklanyelwa izinhlobonhlobo zezicelo.
Ingqalasizinda Yomphakathi
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuphuzwayo
Ukuhlanza amanzi amdaka
Amathangi okugcina udaka
Izicelo Zezimboni
Amanzi okucubungula
Izinhlelo zamanzi zokupholisa
Ukugcinwa kwamakhemikhali
Ezolimo
Amanzi okunisela
Ukugcinwa kwemfucuza yezilwane
Amathangi omquba olubazayo
Amaphrojekthi wezoku-Energy & Environmental
Amathangi okubilisa igesi
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi omlilo
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi anobuthi
Lokhu kusetshenziswa okubanzi kwenza amathangi okugcina ambolekileyo abe isixazululo esijwayelekile sezidingo zokugcinwa kwezinto ezingamanzi.
Ubuqotho Bokwakhiwa Obuqinile
Amathangi ambolekileyo akhelwe ngokuvumelana namazinga omhlaba aziwayo njengekhodi ye-AWWA, i-EN, ne-ISO.
Izinto ezicatshangelwayo ekuklameni zihlanganisa:
Ukumelana nomoya
Umthamo wokubamba iqhwa
Izimo zokuzamazama komhlaba
Ingcindezi yoketshezi yangaphakathi
Ukuvezwa kwemvelo
Uma zakhiwe futhi zafakwa kahle, amathangi anezikulufu ahlinzeka ngokuthembeka okuhle kakhulu kwesakhiwo ezindaweni ezithambile nezinzima.
Ukulungiswa nokulungiswa okulula
Ukulungiswa kwenziwa lula ngenxa yesimo samamojula amathangi anezikulufu.
Izinzuzo zokulungiswa:
Ukufakwa kwamaphaneli ngamanye uma kulimele
Ukufinyelela okulula kokuhlola
Ukuncishiswa kwesikhathi sokungasebenzi
Ama-coating agudile anciphisa imvamisa yokuhlanza
Lokhu kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kanye nezindleko zokugcinwa impilo yonke yethangi.
Ukusebenza kahle kwezokuthutha
Amapaneli ethangi anezikulufu athunyelwa eyisicaba, okunikeza:
Ukuncishiswa komthamo wokuthutha
Izindleko zokuthutha eziphansi
Ukulethwa okulula ezindaweni ezikude
Ukuhlelwa kwezinto ezithuthayo okulula
Le nzuzo ibaluleke kakhulu emaphrojekthi aphesheya kwezilwandle nasezindaweni zasemakhaya.
Isixazululo esizinzile semvelo
Amathangi okugcina ambolekileyo asekela ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda esimeme.
Izinzuzo Zemvelo:
Impilo ende yesevisi inciphisa ukumosha izinto
Izingxenye zensimbi ezingasetshenziswa futhi
Isekela izinhlelo zokonga amanzi
Kubalulekile emaphrojekthi okuphinda kusetshenziswe amanzi angcolile
Ivumela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo (izinhlelo ze-biogas)
Uma kuqhathaniswa namathangi enziwe ngekhonkrithi, izinhlelo zensimbi ngokuvamile zidinga izinto ezincane zokusetshenziswa futhi zivumela ukusetshenziswa kabusha kalula ekupheleni kwempilo.
Ukuzivumelanisa nezindawo ezinzima
Amathangi anezikulufu angakhelwa izimo ezahlukahlukene eziyinselele, okubandakanya:
Izindawo ezisogwini ezinoshukela
Izindawo ezishisayo nezimanzi
Ukushisa kwasehlane
Izindawo ezibandayo ezinezidingo zokulayisha iqhwa
Izindawo ezithinteka ukuzamazama komhlaba
Ukukhethwa kwezinto kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo kungalungiswa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemvelo yendawo.
Inqubo Yokwakha Evikelekile
Ngoba amathangi anezikulufu anciphisa ukushisela ensimini nomsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha ukhonkolo:
Ubuncane bezingozi zokuphepha endaweni
Ubuncane bezingozi zomlilo
Indawo yokwakha ehlanzekile
Ukuhlanganiswa okusheshayo namaqembu amancane
Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuphepha okuphelele kwephrojekthi kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuphathwa kwendawo.
Ukuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlelo zokugcina
Isici | Ithangi Lensimbi Elakhiwe Ngezikulufu | Ithangi Elishiseliwe | Ithangi Likakhonkolo |
Isivinini Sokufaka | Ngokushesha | Kulinganiselwe | Kancane |
Ukulawulwa Kwesikhungo Sokukhiqiza | Phezulu | Kunomkhawulo | Kuncike endaweni |
Ukukwazi ukunwebeka | Kulula | Kunobunzima | Kucishe kungenzeki |
Ukuhanjiswa kabusha | Kungenzeka | Kuvamile | Akunakwenzeka |
Ukugcinwa | Kancane | Kulinganiselwe | Ingozi yokuqhekeka |
Izindleko Zomjikelezo Wempilo | Konga imali | Umsebenzi ophakeme | Izindleko eziphakeme zokulungisa |
Lokhu kuqhathaniswa kugcizelela ukuthi kungani amathangi okugcina aboshwe ngamabhawodi ekhethwa kakhulu emaphrojekthi amanje ezindaweni.
Amathangi okugcina akhiwe ngezikulufu anikeza izinzuzo eziningi, okubandakanya ukufakwa okusheshayo, ukuguquguquka okusekelwe kumamojuli, ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko zokusebenza isikhathi eside, ubuqotho obuqinile bokwakhiwa, kanye nokusimama kwemvelo.
Ukuvumelana kwawo nokuhlala kwawo kubenza balungele izinhlelo zamanzi kamasipala, izindawo zezimboni, imisebenzi yezolimo, iziteshi zokwelapha amanzi amdaka, kanye namaphrojekthi amandla avuselelekayo.
Njengoba izidingo zengqalasizinda ziqhubeka nokukhula emhlabeni wonke, amathangi okugcina akhiwe ngezikulufu ahlinzeka ngesisombululo sokugcina esihlakaniphile, esithembekile, nesilungile esizayo sezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo.
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