Yiluphi Uhlobo Lwezinto Zethangi Olulungele Ukugcinwa Kwamanzi Kwezolimo
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Yimuphi Umsebenzi Wethangi Ofanele Ukugcinwa Kwamanzi Kwezolimo?
Ukukhetha ithangi lamanzi lezolimo akuvamisile ukuba kube umbuzo wokuthi yimuphi umsebenzi 'ongcono' ngokwedlulele. Kuwumbuzo wokuthi yimuphi umsebenzi ohambisana namakhemikhali akho amanzi, umjikelezo wakho wokusebenza kanye namashumi eminyaka wokusebenza owulindele.
Impendulo eqotho: insimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS), insimbi yekhabhoni ehlanganisiwe noma eboshiwe, ukhonkolo oqinisiwe kanye ne-polyethylene enokuminyana okuphezulu (HDPE) ngayinye iyaphumelela ezimweni ezithile zasepulazini. Isinqumo esifanele siza ngokuzihlola ngokumelene namanzi akho angempela, hhayi ngesimangalo sekhathalogi.
Ithangi lamanzi lezolimo ligcina amanzi angahluziwe noma ahlanjululwe kancane okunisela, imfuyo, ukufuywa kwezilwane zasemanzini noma ukuvikela umlilo epulazini noma esikhungweni sasemakhaya. 'Umsebenzi' yigobolondo elimanzi eligcina amanzi: lingaba yinsimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS), insimbi yekhabhoni engenalutho noma ehlanganisiwe, ukhonkolo owenziwe endaweni noma osetshenzisiwe, noma ipulasitiki ebunjiwe njenge-HDPE noma i-polyethylene ebunjwe ngokujikeleza.
Izici Ezibalulekile, Izingxenye Nezinhlobo
Ingilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi (GFS): Ingqimba ye-vitreous enamel engu-0.25-0.45 mm ihlanganiswa nensimbi ku-820-930 C, ikhiqize indawo engasebenzi, engangenisi amanzi. Imelana nama-asidi amancane nosawoti oncibilikisiwe ovamile emanzini asemgodini, angaphezulu kanye namanzi okunisela abuyiselwe futhi inesikhathi sokuphila seminyaka engu-30-50.
Insimbi ye-carbon steel ehlanganisiwe: Iqinile futhi iyavumelana nezimo, kodwa igobolondo elingenalutho liyagqwala emanzini amaningi asepulazini ngaphandle uma lifakwe ngaphakathi; ukuhlanganisa endaweni kanye nokulungisa ukumboza kuyimisebenzi yokulungisa eqhubekayo.
Ukhonkolo: Kuhle kakhulu emanzini agcinwayo angaphansi komhlaba noma amakhulu kakhulu, kodwa anezimbobo, avame ukuqhekeka futhi akhiphe i-lime, futhi ayephuza futhi aboshelwe endaweni ukwakha.
HDPE / i-polyethylene: Izindleko eziphansi zemithamo emincane futhi kulula ukuyihambisa, kodwa i-UV kanye nezinga lokushisa zilinganiselwe, inesikhathi sokusebenza seminyaka engu-10-15 kanye nokubekezelela okuphansi kokusebenza okucindezelwe noma okushisayo.
Izicelo Nezimo Zokusetshenziswa
Ukugcwaliswa kwamanzi okunisela kanye nezinqamuleli zokuguquguquka, ukuphuzwa kwemfuyo kanye nokuhlinzwa kobisi, ukugcwaliswa kwezilwane zasemanzini, kanye nezindawo ezigciniwe zokuvikela umlilo zonke zisebenzisa izinhlobo zamathangi afanayo. I-GFS ilungele imisebenzi edinga indawo ehlanzekile, engagqwali kalula esikalini sika-20-60,000 m3 ngokumiswa okusheshayo, okwamaphaneli. I-HDPE ilungele ukufakwa okuncane, okunengcindezi ephansi, okusemthunzini. Ukhonkolo ulungele ukugcinwa okukhulu, okugqitshwayo noma okuhanjiswa ngamandla adonsela phansi lapho umhlaba ushibhile.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe
Qondanisa impahla namanzi kuqala. Amanzi omgodi ane-CO2 encibilikile kanye ne-pH ephansi ahlasela insimbi engamboziwe futhi igcina icwecwe likakhonkolo kancane kancane. Amanzi abuyiselwe noma acebile ngezakhamzimba akhuthaza amafilimu ebhayoloji okuthi indawo ebushelelezi, ehlanzekayo ye-GFS noma embotshiwe ibhekane nawo kangcono kunokhonkolo omangelengele. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubalulekile: igobolondo elilodwa elingenazo izihlanganisi ezidlulayo (amaphaneli e-GFS aboshiwe asebenzisa ama-gasket avaliwe) ligwema ukungena kwamanzi nge-capillary okugcina kukhohloka ukhonkolo.
Faka isisekelo futhi. I-GFS enamaphaneli kanye nensimbi eboshiwe kudinga indandatho elungiselelwe noma i-slab; ukhonkolo yisisekelo sawo. Ukuthumela ngaphandle nezindawo ezikude zithanda amaphaneli aqedwe efektri kunokhonkolo othethwa endaweni.
Izinzuzo Nezinkinga
Advantages:
I-GFS: indawo engasebenzi, impilo ende, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi efektri, ukwakhiwa okusheshayo okuboshiwe, ukuthuthwa noma ukwandiswa okulula.
Insizwa (eboyisiwe): amandla aphezulu, indawo encane.
Ukhonkolo: kushibhile ngevolumu enkulu kakhulu, kulungele ukugqitshwa.
I-HDPE: izindleko eziphansi zokuqala, ilula, iyaphathwa.
Imikhawulo:
GFS: izindleko zokuqala eziphezulu kune-HDPE; amaphaneli ayathunyelwa, awathelwa endaweni. Insimbi: ukulungiswa kwendawo yokumboza kuyadingeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukhonkolo: kuyephuza, kungena amanzi, kuqhekezeka kalula, kunzima ukukuthutha. HDPE: usayizi olinganiselwe, ukuzwela kwe-UV/nokushisa, impilo emfushane, akusebenzi emsebenzini onengcindezi.
Umhlahlandlela Wokuqhathanisa Nokukhetha
Umbandela | Ithangi le-GFS eliboshiwe | Insimbi yekhabhoni enemboziwe | Ukhonkolo | I-HDPE / ipulasitiki |
Isikhathi sokusebenza (iminyaka) | 30-50 | 15-25 (ngokuphinda kugcotshwe) | 20-40 | 10-15 |
Ukugqwala emanzini asepulazini | Kuphezulu (ingilazi engasebenzi) | Kuncike ekugcotshweni | Ukuncibilika kwe-lime / ukuqhekeka | Kuhle (umsebenzi omncane) |
Isivinini sokumisa | Kushesha (kufakwe amaphaneli) | Kulingene (ukushisela) | Kuhamba kancane (kuthululwa endaweni) | Okusheshayo (amayunithi amancane) |
Umthamo omkhulu osebenzayo | 20-60,000 m3 | Phezulu | Phezulu kakhulu | < 500 m3 okujwayelekile |
Iyathuthelwa / iyandiswa | Yebo | Cha | Cha | Yebo (encane) |
Izinqubo Ezinhle Kakhulu & Ungakhetha Kanjani
Hlola abazongenela ukhetho ngemibuzo emithathu ngaphambi kokuthenga: (1) Yini ikhemistri yamanzi embi kakhulu (i-pH, usawoti, izinto eziphilayo)? (2) Uyini umsebenzi (ukugcinwa okumile, indawo yomlilo ecindezelwe, ukuchayeka eqhweni)? (3) Yini izindleko zangempela zomjikelezo wokuphila, hhayi nje intengo yesicelo?
Cela izinga lokumboza kanye nempilo yokuklama ngokubhaliwe, qinisekisa izinga ithangi elakhiwe ngalo (njenge-AWWA D103-09 yensimbi eboshiwe), futhi uqinisekise izinkomba ezifakiwe eziqhathanisekayo esimweni sezulu esifanayo.
Akukho mpahla eyodwa 'engcono kakhulu' yethangi lamanzi epulazini. Ekugcineni okuhlanzekayo, okuzinzile ekugqwaleni, okuhlala isikhathi eside ngezinga elikhulu, i-glass-fused-to-steel iyisinqumo esiqinile esijwayelekile; i-HDPE iwina kuphela kumathangi amancane, asebenza kancane, asemthunzini, kanti ukhonkolo uwina ezindaweni ezinkulu ezigqitshiwe. Nquma ngokwakheka kwamakhemikhali amanzi nomsebenzi, bese ubala izindleko zomjikelezo wempilo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Iyiphi into eqinile kakhulu yethangi lamanzi lasepulazini?
I-Glass-fused-to-steel inikeza impilo yokuklama ende kakhulu phakathi kwezinketho eziboshiwe, ngokuvamile iminyaka engu-30-50, ngoba ungqimba lwe-vitreous oluhlanganisiwe alunazinto ezilimazayo kuma-asidi amancane nosawoti emanzini ezolimo. Ukhonkolo nensimbi eboyisiwe kungafinyelela isikhathi esifanayo kodwa kudinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe; i-HDPE imfushane kakhulu iminyaka engu-10-15.
Ingabe ukhonkolo noma insimbi ingcono kumanzi okunisela?
Kuncike ebukhoneni nasezindaweni ezinamanzi. Ukhonkolo ubiza kancane ezindaweni ezinkulu kakhulu, ezimbiwe noma ezihamba ngamandla adonswa umhlaba kodwa ungena amanzi futhi uqhekezeka kalula. Insimbi ehlanganisiwe noma i-GFS ingcono lapho udinga ithangi elihlanzekile, elincane, elilula ukulithutha phezulu komhlaba ngevolumu ephakathi nendawo kuya kwinkulu.
Ngingasebenzisa ithangi lepulasitiki emanzini asepulazini?
Yebo, ngamavolumu amancane (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-500 m3), asemthunzini, anengcindezi ephansi njengokunisela kwengadi noma ukugcwalisa amanzi emfuyo. Gwema ipulasitiki emanzini omlilo anengcindezi, amanzi ashisayo noma izindawo ezishisayo ezivulekile lapho i-UV nokushisa kunciphisa impilo yalo.
Ingabe amanzi omgodi alimaza amathangi ensimbi?
Amanzi omgodi ane-pH ephansi noma acebile nge-CO2 encibilikile angagqwala insimbi engamboziwe futhi ahlasela kancane ukhonkolo. I-GFS noma ithangi lensimbi elinemboziwe kahle liyamelana nalokhu; hlola njalo ikhemistri yamanzi ngaphambi kokucacisa into yegobolondo.
Yiluphi izinga elisetshenziswayo emathangini amanzi asepulazini aboshiwe?
Amathangi ensimbi aboshiwe ngokuvamile aklanywa futhi akhiwe ngokwe-AWWA D103-09 (noma okulingana nokwesifunda okufana ne-EN 14620 / ISO 28765 yamagobolondo ane-enamel). Buza umhlinzeki ukuthi yiluphi izinga isibalo somklamo elibhekisela kulo.
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