Iyini Itangi Yokugcina Amakhemikhali Yensimbi Engagqwali?
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Iyini i-Stainless Steel Chemical Storage Tank?
Ezimbonini zanamuhla zokukhiqiza amakhemikhali, ukuhlanjululwa kwe-petrochemical, imithi, nezindawo zokuhlanza amanzi, ukuphatha uketshezi olunamandla, oluguquguqukayo, noma oluhlanzekile kakhulu kudinga ingqalasizinda yokugcina enikeza ukuphepha okuphelele nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ngokungafani nezinye izindlela zepulasitiki noma zensimbi evamile, iziqukathi zensimbi ezikhethekile zinikeza ukusebenza okungenakuqhathaniswa ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezinzima kakhulu.
Ithangi lokugcina lamakhemikhali lensimbi engagqwali iyisitsha esikhethekile sezimboni esingagqwali, esiklanyelwe ukugcina, ukuxuba, noma ukucubungula uketshezi lwamakhemikhali ayingozi, ane-asidi, noma ahlanzekile kakhulu. Ngokusebenzisa izingxube ze-alloy eziyingqayizivele ezinhlanzekile kanye nokwelashwa kwangemuva kokukhiqiza okuthuthukile, la mathangi avikela izimpahla zefekthri, avimbela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, futhi aqinisekisa ukuqina kwesakhiwo eminyakeni engamashumi amane yokusebenza okuqhubekayo.
1. Ubunjiniyela Bezinto Nensimbi
Ukusebenza okukhethekile kwensimbi engagqwali kuvela kungqimba yayo yokuzivikela—ifilimu ye-oxide ecebile nge-chromium eyakheka ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho ichayeka kumoya, ivikela insimbi engaphansi ezintweni ezinolaka.
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I-Stainless Steel Yokuhleleka 304 / 304L: I-alloy esebenza ngezindlela eziningi efanele ukugcina uketshezi olungagqwali, amakhemikhali aphilayo athambile, namanzi okucubungula. Igama elithi "L" (Low Carbon) livimbela ukumiswa kwe-carbide ngesikhathi sokushisela.
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I- Grade 316 / 316L Stainless Steel: Into eyisisekelo yokucubungula amakhemikhali. Ithuthukiswe nge-molybdenum (2–3%), i-Grade 316L ikhulisa kakhulu ukumelana nokugqwala, ukugqwala kwe-crevice, kanye nezindawo ezinogesi lwe-chloride.
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I-Duplex Stainless Steels (isb., i-Duplex 2205): Ihlanganisa izakhiwo ezincane ze-austenitic ne-ferritic ukuze inikeze amandla aphezulu okudonsa kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kwe-stress corrosion ezindaweni ezinamakhemikhali ezimbi kakhulu.
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2. Ukwenziwa Okubalulekile Nokwelashwa Kwezingaphezulu
Okokugcina amakhemikhali, ukwenziwa nje kokukhiqiza akwanele; amathangi kufanele enzelwe ukulungiswa okunzima kwengaphezulu nokuhlolwa kokuthobela izindinganiso:
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Ukwenziwa kwe-Passivation: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kusetshenziswa i-citric acid noma i-nitric acid ekhipha i-iron ekhululekile ebusweni bethangi, isheshise ukwakheka kongqimba oluvikelayo lwe-chromium oxide ukuze kukhuliswe ukumelana nokugqwala.
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I-Electropolishing: Ivamise ukusetshenziswa emikhakheni yamakhemikhali acwengekile noma emithi ukuze kususwe iziqongo nezigodi ezingabonakali ngamehlo, kuvinjelwe ukunqwabelana kwezinsalela zamakhemikhali.
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Ukuthotsela Ikhodi ye-ASME: Amathangi amakhemikhali anomfutho ophezulu noma amakhulu ngokuvamile akhiwa ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ze-ASME Section VIII, okunquma ubukhulu bodonga olunembile, ukuhlolwa okungonakalisi (NDE) kwemithungo, kanye nokuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-hydrostatic.
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I-Matrix Yokuqhathanisa: Ubuchwepheshe Bokugcina Amakhemikhali
Ipharamitha Yokuhlola | Amathangi Ensimbi Engagqwali Yamakhemikhali | Amathangi Ensimbi Ekotishwe Ngaphandle | I-Polyethylene Ehlanganisiwe (XLPE) |
Ukuvikela Ukugqwala | Ungqimba lwe-oxide olungaguquki, oluhlala njalo oluvikela ukugqwala luyamelana nokuhlaselwa amakhemikhali | Iyatholakala kalula uma izinto zangaphakathi ziqala ukuqhekeka, ukuqhekeka, noma ukuxebuka | Iyamelana namakhemikhali amaningi, kodwa isengozini kuma-solvent athile aphilayo |
Amandla Okwakheka Nokuthwala | Amandla aphezulu kakhulu okudonsa emisebenzini yezimboni emikhulu | Amandla aphezulu ekuqaleni, kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa okuphindaphindiwe kokuvikela ukugqwala | Ukuqina okuphansi kokwakheka; umkhawulo wevolumu nomfutho ophansi |
Ukuphepha Kokushisa Nomlilo | Ukuzinza okuphezulu kakhulu kokushisa nokumelana nomlilo | Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kodwa izinto zokugqoka ziyonakala ekushiseni okukhulu | Iphuzu lokuncibilika eliphansi; imithetho eqinile yomlilo emakhemikhali ayingozi |
Isikhathi Esilindelekile Sokuphila | Iminyaka engu-30 kuya kwengu-50+ yokusebenza okuqhubekayo okunzima | Iminyaka eyi-10 kuye kweyi-20 (idinga ukunakekelwa okuphindaphindiwe kokugoqwa kwangaphakathi) | Iminyaka eyi-10 kuye kweyi-20 (kuya ngokucindezeleka kwemvelo nokuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV) |
Imibuzo Ejwayelekile (FAQ)
Umbuzo: Liyini ithangi lokugcina amakhemikhali lensimbi engagqwali?
Impendulo: Ithangi lokugcina amakhemikhali lensimbi engagqwali umkhumbi wezimboni owakhiwe ngezingxube zensimbi ezingagqwali eziklanyelwe ukugcina ngokuphephile, ukuhlanganisa, noma ukucubungula uketshezi lwamakhemikhali olusebenzayo, olugqwalayo, noma oluhlanzekile kakhulu.
Umbuzo: Kungani i-Grade 316L ikhethwa kune-Grade 304 ekugcineni amakhemikhali?
Impendulo: I-Grade 316L iqukethe i-molybdenum, enikeza ukumelana okukhulu kakhulu nama-chloride, ukugqwala kwemingodi, nezinto ezinamandla ezinamandla uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Grade 304 ejwayelekile.
Umbuzo: Uyini umsebenzi wokuvikela (passivation) futhi kungani ubalulekile?
A: Ukwelashwa kwe-passivation ukwelashwa ngebhathi le-asidi okwenziwa ngemva kokukhiqiza, okususa i-iron ekhululekile ebusweni futhi kuthuthukise ungqimba lokuvikela lwe-chromium oxide, kuvimbele ukugqwala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi ezindaweni ezinamakhemikhali.
Q: Ingabe amathangi ensimbi engagqwali amakhemikhali akhiwe ngokwezindinganiso?
A: Yebo. Amathangi amakhemikhali ezimboni asebenza kahle kakhulu akhiwa ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha zomhlaba wonke ezaziwayo ezifana ne-ASME Section VIII noma i-API 650, kuqinisekiswa ukwethembeka kwesakhiwo ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezela nomthwalo ezicacisiwe.
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