Iyini i-Sewage Water Tank futhi Isebenza Kanjani?
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Iyini Ithangi Lamanzi Endle futhi Lisebenza Kanjani?
Ithangi lamanzi angcolile (noma umkhumbi wokuhlanza amanzi angcolile) iyisitsha sezimboni esakhiwe ngobuchwepheshe esiklanyelwe ukuqoqa, ukuxuba, nokuhlanza ukungcola okungcolile. Kunokuba nje kugcine amanzi ngokungenzi lutho, amathangi esimanje angcolile asebenza njengezihlukanisi ezenzakalelayo neziphenduli eziphilayo. Adala izindawo ezilawulwayo lapho amandla adonsela phansi, amakhemikhali, namagciwane engakwazi ukukhipha izinto eziphilayo, izinsimbi ezinzima, namagciwane emanzini ngaphambi kokuba akhishwe ngokuphepha noma asetshenziswe futhi.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlanza amanzi angcolile kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, enezigaba eziningi, indawo yokuhlanza ayivamisile ukusebenzisa ithangi elilodwa. Esikhundleni salokho, amanzi ageleza ngenethiwekhi elandelanayo yamathangi akhethekile, ngalinye liklanyelwe umshini othile womzimba noma wezinto eziphilayo.
Ukusebenza Kwayo: Izigaba Ezi-4 Zokwelashwa Kwethangi
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ithangi lendle lisebenza kanjani, kufanele ubheke indima ethile yamanzi neyebhayoloji elidlalayo ku-"train yokwelashwa" iyonke.
1. Ukulinganisa Ukugeleza (Isigaba Sokugcina Isikhathi)
Ezinhlelweni zomasipala nezimboni, ukugeleza kwamanzi angcolile akubikezeleki kalula. Isiphepho esingazehlele noma ukugezwa kwefektri kungagcwalisela uhlelo. Amathangi okulinganisa asebenza njengezithambisi ezinkulu zokushaqeka. Aqoqa indle eluhlaza engenayo, ewuxuba njalo ukuvimbela izinto eziqinile ukuba zingahlali phansi, bese ewukhipha ngezinga eliqondile nelilawulekayo. Lokhu kuvikela izinto eziphilayo ezizwela ezisezansi ekugcwalisweni ngumthamo omkhulu noma ukukhuphuka kwamakhemikhali.
2. Ukwelashwa Okuyisisekelo (Ukuhlukaniswa Ngomshini)
Okulandelayo, amanzi ageleza emathangini okucacisa (noma emachibini okuhlala). I-physics lapha ilula kodwa ibalulekile: ithangi liklanyelwe ukunciphisa kakhulu isivinini samanzi.
● Izinto eziqinile ezisindayo (udaka) zicwilisa phansi ngamandla adonsela phansi, lapho zikhuhliwe khona.
● Izinto ezilula (amagwebu), njengamafutha namafutha, zintanta phezulu bese zikhishwa nge-skim.
● Uketshezi olucacile kancane ungqimba oluphakathi bese lunyukela esigabeni sokwelashwa ngezinto eziphilayo.
3. Ukwelashwa Kwesibili (Ukucubungula Ngezinto Eziphilayo)
Lapha lapho "ukuhlanzwa" kwangempela kwenzeka khona, kuncike ngokuphelele ezintweni eziphilayo.
● Amathangi Okungenisa Umoya: Kule mikhumbi, izifutha ezinkulu zipompa umoya-mpilo ($\text{O}_2$) emanzini. Lokhu kugcina "udaka olusebenzayo"—amakoloni amabhaktheriya adinga umoya-mpilo adla ngokushesha izinto ezingcolile eziphilayo ezincibilikile.
● I-Membrane Bioreactors (MBR): Umkhuba okhula ngokuvamile ngo-2026, la mathangi ahlanganisa ukwelashwa kwendabuko ngamabhaktheriya nokuhlunga nge-membrane emihle kakhulu, ethola amanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu endaweni encane kakhulu.
4. Ukucubungula Udaka (Ukugaya Ngaphandle Komoya)
Udoti oqinile okhishwa ngezinyathelo zangaphambili kufanele ulungiswe. Umpontshelwa emathangeni okubola angenawo umoya, avalekile futhi angenawo umoya-mpilo. Lapha, amagciwane akhethekile angaphansi komoya-mpilo ahlukanisa udoti oyinkimbinkimbi. Umkhiqizo oyigugu kakhulu walokhu kusabela i-biogas, ikakhulukazi i-methane ($\text{CH}_4$), lapho izikhungo zesimanje zithwebula futhi zishise ukuze zikhiqize ugesi wazo ovuselelekayo.
Ukwakhiwa Kwethangi: Ukushintshela Kubunjiniyela Obuyimojula
Indle iqukethe izinto ezonakalisayo. Njengoba izinto eziphilayo zibola, zikhipha igesi ye-hydrogen sulfide ($\text{H}_2\text{S}$), eguquka ngokushesha ibe i-sulfuric acid emgqeni womhwamuko, icekele phansi ukhonkolo lwendabuko nensimbi ekahle.
Ngenxa yalokhu, onjiniyela bezikhungo zanamuhla bathanda kakhulu izinto zokwakha eziphambili ezingaguquki:
Uhlobo Lwezinto Zokwakha | Ukusetshenziswa Okuyinhloko | Inzuzo Eyinhloko Yobunjiniyela |
Ingilazi Ehlanganiswe Nensimbi (GFS) | Izitsha zokugaya izinto eziphilayo, amanzi angcolile aqinile ezimbonini | Ukumelana namakhemikhali okuphelele; amaphaneli awadingi ukushisela noma ukuphinda afakwe umboo endaweni yokusebenza. |
Insimbi Engenasici Ehlanganiswe Ngamabhawudi | Amachibi okungenisa umoya, amanzi angcolile okucubungula ukudla | Inhlanzeko ephezulu, ukuhambisana nensimbi engenasici, nokuhlanganiswa okusheshayo. |
Insimbi Embozwe Nge-Epoxy | Amachibi okugcina amanzi kamasipala, amathangi okulinganisa | Amandla esakhiwo anezindleko eziphansi ngokuvikela ukugqwala okuthembekile okuncane. |
Ukhonkolo Oqinisiwe | Legacy centralized mega-plants | Isilinganiso esikhulu, nakuba sisengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka nokuhlaselwa yi-asidi ngaphandle kwezinto zokuvikela. |
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Q: Ingabe amathangi endle ahlanza amanzi ngokuphelele?
A: Awekho ithangi elilodwa elihlanza amanzi ngokuphelele. Kudingeka uhlelo lwamathangi asebenza ngokulandelana. Kodwa-ke, ekupheleni kokwelashwa kwesithathu, amanzi avame ukuhlanzeka ngokwanele ukuze asetshenziselwe ukunisela kwezolimo, ukupholisa izimboni, futhi—ezinhlelweni ezithuthukile ezivaliwe—ngisho nokusetshenziswa kabusha okuphuza ngokungaqondile.
Q: Kungani amathangi emanzi esimanje akhiwa ngokuya emi mpo kunokuba embiwe phansi?
A: Amathangi amile, ayindilinga (ngokuvamile aklanywe ngensimbi ebhijelwayo) adinga ingxenye encane yomhlaba. Lokhu kusebenza endaweni encane kubalulekile ezindaweni ezinamafekthri aminyene nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Imiklamo emile nayo idala umfutho wamanzi ophakeme, okwenza kube lula ukuxuba nokungenisa umoya.
Q: Izikhungo zokuhlanza amanzi zilawula kanjani iphunga elivela kulawa mathangi?
A: Ukulawulwa kwephunga kufinyelelwa kakhulu ngokuqukatha okuqinile nokuphathwa kwezinto eziphilayo. Imikhumbi enephunga elikhulu njengezinto zokugaya izinto eziphilayo ngaphandle komoya (anaerobic digesters) ivalwa ngokuphelele (ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa izimpahla ezingaphezulu ezinembobo emibili). Ngaphezu kwalokho, umoya ophumayo emathangini okungenisa umoya uvame ukudluliswa ngezinto zokuhlanza ngamakhemikhali noma izihlungi zezinto eziphilayo ukuze kungatholakali izinto ezinamakhemikhali eziguquguqukayo ngaphambi kokuba zikhishwe.
WhatsApp