Iyini Ithangi Lokulahla Indle Kamasipala?
Kwadalwa ngo 07.10
Uyini Ithangi Likadoti Likamasipala?
Ekuhleleni kwamadolobha, ubunjiniyela bezempilo yomphakathi, nengqalasizinda yomphakathi, ukuphatha amanzi angcolile omphakathi ngokuphephile kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Kusukela kumanethiwekhi amapayipi ezindlu kuye ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano nezimboni, amanzi angcolile kumele aqoqwe, agcinwe, futhi ahlanzwe ngaphambi kokukhishwa emvelweni noma ukusetshenziswa kabusha.
Ithangi likamasipala lokugcina indle iyisitsha esiqinile, esakhiwe ngobunjiniyela sokugcina noma sokwelapha esiklanyelwe ukuphatha amanzi amaningi angcolile omasipala, indle eluhlaza, amanzi ampunga, kanye nodaka lwezinto eziphilayo. Ngokungafani namathangi ajwayelekile ezindlu okugcina indle, izinhlelo zikamasipala zokugcina indle zisebenza ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu, zisebenza njengezindawo zokuhlalisa izinto eziyisisekelo, amathangi okulinganisa, izinto zokugaya izinto eziphilayo ngaphandle komoya, noma amadamu okugcina amanzi emvula ngaphakathi kwesikhungo sokwelapha amanzi angcolile esimaphakathi noma esihlukanisiwe (WWTP).
1. Imisebenzi Eyisisekelo Yamathangi Kamasipala Okugcina Indle
Amathangi kamasipala okugcina indle enza izindima eziningi ezikhethekile ezigabeni ezahlukene zomjikelezo wokwelapha amanzi angcolile:
● Ukuqoqwa Kwendle & Ukulinganisa: Ilawula amazinga okuhamba ashintshashintshayo ngokubamba isikhashana umthamo ophezulu wokungena kwendle, iqinisekisa izinga lokuhamba elingaguquki nelilawulwayo elingena ezinqubweni zokwelashwa ezingezansi.
● Ukuhlaliswa Kokuqala (Ukucaciswa): Ihlisa ijubane lokuhamba koketshezi ukuze ivumele izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe ezisindayo ukuba zihlale phansi njengendle eyinhloko, kuyilapho amafutha nokugcoba okuntantayo kukhuphuka phezulu ukuze kukhishwe.
● Ukwelashwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo & Ukugaywa: Ihlanganisa amaqembu amagciwane asebenzayo (anjenge-sludge ecushiwe noma amagciwane angaphila ngaphandle komoya) ukuze ahlukanise izinto ezingcolile eziphilayo ezincibilikile, izinhlanganisela eziyingozi, nama-asidi e-organic avolatile.
● Ukugcinwa Kwe-Sludge & Ukujiyisa: Ivikele i-sludge ejiyisiwe yezinto eziphilayo ngaphambi kokukhipha amanzi, ukuzinzisa, noma ukulahla.
2. Izinto Eziyinhloko Zokwakha Nezinga Lobunjiniyela
Ngenxa yokuthi indle yomasipala inamakhemikhali ayingozi, icebile nge-hydrogen sulfide (H2S), futhi ithambekele ekugqwaleni okubangelwa amagciwane (MIC), izinto zokwakha amathangi kufanele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu zokuqina:
● Amathangi ahlanganiswe ingilazi nensimbi (GFS) aqiniswayo: Ukuhlanganisa ingilazi encibilikile nensimbi enamandla amakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kudala umgoqo ongenabuthi, ongenazimbotshana, omelana nokuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali namagciwane, kuyilapho unika amandla okwakha ngokushesha ngokwezingxenye.
● Amabheseni kakhonkolo aqinisiwe: Ngokwesiko asetshenziselwa izindawo ezinkulu ezingaphansi komhlaba noma ezingaphezulu zokuhlanzwa kwamanzi kamasipala kanye namabheseni omoya, adinga izinto ezikhethekile zokuvikela ukuze kugwenywe ukuqhekeka kukakhonkolo nokonakala ngenxa ye-sulfate.
● Imikhumbi yensimbi engagqwali: Isetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezincane, ezinobumsulwa obuphezulu zokucubungula, eziteshini zokumpompa, noma emakamelweni akhethekile okufaka amakhemikhali ngaphakathi kohlelo lokwelashwa kwendle.
Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa: Ubuchwepheshe Bamatangi Endle Kamasipala
Isilinganiso Sokuhlola | Amathangi e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS) | Izisekelo zikakhonkolo oqinisiwe | Amathangi ensimbi ekhabhoni emboziwe |
Ukuvikelwa kokugqwala namakhemikhali | Okuphezulu; ukuhlangana kwengilazi kumelana ne-sulfuric acid, i-H2S, kanye namakhemikhali okungcola kwamanzi | Okumaphakathi kuya phezulu; kudinga izinto ezikhethekile zamakhemikhali ze-epoxy ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqhekeka | Iphansi; ama-organic coatings avikelayo ayagqabuka futhi ahluleke lapho evezwa njalo emanzini angcolile ayisigaxa |
Isivinini Sokwakha | Ukuhlanganiswa okusheshayo ngezinsimbi ezihlanganiswayo (kuqedwa emasontweni) | Isikhathi eside sokwenza ukhonkolo, ukuthela, nokomisa (izinyanga) | Izidingo eziphakathi nendawo zokushisela nokuhlola emsebenzini |
Ubude Besikhathi Sokusebenza Nokuqina | Iminyaka engu-30 kuya kwengu-50+ ngokunakekelwa okuncane | Iminyaka engu-30 kuya kwengu-40 (idinga ukulungiswa ngezikhathi ezithile kwamajoyinti nangaphakathi) | Iminyaka engu-10 kuya kwengu-20 (idinga izinhlelo eziqinile zokunakekela) |
Ukuhlukaniseka Nokwandiseka | Phezulu; kungandiswa kalula noma kudilizwe ukuze kuthuthwe | Isakhiwo esihlala njalo esiyisakhiwo esisodwa; kunzima kakhulu ukusishintsha | Okumaphakathi; ukushintsha kudinga ukusika nokushisela okubanzi endaweni |
Imibuzo Ejwayelekile (FAQ)
Q: What is a municipal sewage tank?
A: Ithangi likadoti likamasipala umkhumbi omkhulu wokwakha noma wokwelapha osetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi okuhlanzeka emadolobheni ukuqoqa, ukulinganisa, ukuhlalisa, noma ukwelapha ngendlela yebhayoloji amanzi angcolile kanye nezinsalela zikadoti zikamasipala.
Q: Yiziphi izinto ezifanele kakhulu zamathangi kadoti kamasipala?
A: I-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS) kanye nokhonkolo oqinisiwe onamandla aphezulu yizinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngoba zinikeza ukuqina kwesakhiwo nokumelana namakhemikhali anolaka amanzi angcolile kanye nokugqwala kwe-hydrogen sulfide.
Q: Amehluko amathangi endle kamasipala kumathangi endle asendlini?
A: Ngenkathi amathangi endle asemakhaya ecubungula ukungcola okuncane kwasekhaya endaweni yawo, amathangi endle kamasipala aphatha imithwalo emikhulu yokungcola kwezimboni kanye nomphakathi wonke, esebenza njengezingxenye ezibalulekile phakathi kwezikhungo ezimaphakathi zokuhlanza ukungcola kamasipala.
Umbuzo: Yikuphi ukunakekela okudingekayo ukuze kuvikelwe amathangi endle ekugqwalelekeni (corrosion)?
A: Amathangi adinga ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze kutholakale ukugqwala okubangelwa izinto eziphilayo (MIC), ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwezingqimba zokuvikela, ukususwa kwesihlabathi esilumayo, kanye nokuphathwa kahle kokungena komoya ukuze kulawuleke ukuqongeleleka kwegesi enobuthi.
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