Iyini Itangi Yegesi Ye-Biogas?
Kwadalwa ngo 07.08
Iyini Ithangi Le-Biogas?
Ithangi le-biogas—elivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ithangi lokugcina i-biogas noma isibambi segesi—iyisistimu yokugcina ekhethekile eklanyelwe ukugcina igesi enothile nge-methane ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokugaywa kwezinto eziphilayo ezingenamoya (anaerobic digestion) kukadoti wezinto eziphilayo.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwegesi yebhayogesi kuyinqubo eqhubekayo, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza kuyashintshashintsha, ithangi lebhayogesi lisebenza njengesigcini esibalulekile. Libamba igesi eningi ngezikhathi zokuncipha kwesidingo futhi likhulule ngokuthembekile lapho amandla edingeka ekukhiqizeni ugesi, ukushisisa, noma ukuthuthukiswa kube yi-biomethane. Ngokungafani nemikhumbi ejwayelekile yokugcina amanzi noma amakhemikhali, amathangi ebhayogesi kumele aphethe ngokuphephile izingxube zegesi eziyingozi, ezivuthayo ngenkathi emelana nokugqwala okunamandla kwangaphakathi.
1. Imisebenzi Eyinhloko Yethangi Lebhayogesi
Amathangi ebhayogesi ahlinzeka ngokulawula okubalulekile ekusebenzeni ezitshalweni zokuguqula udoti kube amandla kwezolimo, zamasipala, nezimboni:
● Ukulawulwa Kwengcindezi: Igcina ukondla okuzinzile, okungaguquki kwengcindezi kwemishini engezansi efana nezinjini ze-Combined Heat and Power (CHP), ama-boiler, noma ama-flare egesi.
● Umthamo Wokugcina (Isigcini Sokugcina): Amukela ukukhuphuka kwesikhashana kokukhiqizwa kwegesi noma agcine uphethiloli oyisipele ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okuhleliwe kwamayunithi okuguqula amandla.
● Ukuphathwa Kwezokuphepha Kwezemvelo: Kuvimbela ukukhishwa okungalawulwa kwe-methane—igesi ebamba ukushisa enamandla—emoyeni ngokuqinisekisa ukuvalwa okungangeni moya okungu-100%.
2. Izinhlobo Ezijwayelekile Zezinhlelo Zokugcina I-Biogas
Abaphathi Be-Biogas Abanembrane Embili
Kubhekwa njengezinga lomkhakha lezitshalo zokugaya izinto eziphilayo zezentengiselwano nezemboni, amathangi anembulunga ephindwe kabili anezingqimba ezimbili zendwangu eziguquguqukayo (ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi olubamba igesi kanye nolwelwesi lwangaphandle oluvikela isimo sezulu) ezihlukaniswa yisikhala somoya esinomfutho. Lokhu kwaklanywa kunikeza indawo yokugcina igesi ezinzile, enomfutho ongaguquki.
Amathangi Anophahla Olungaguquki
Izakhiwo eziqinile ezakhiwe ngokhonkolo, insimbi yekhabhoni, noma ingilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi ezinikeza umthamo wendawo engaphezulu ongaguquki. Ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ekwakhiweni okuncane noma okulula kokugaya lapho amavolumu amakhulu okugcina engedingekile.
External Fabric Balloons
Izinto zokugcina ezizimele, eziyindilinga, ezenziwe ngendwangu ezixhunywe kudijithali eyinhloko ngamapayipi akhethekile egesi, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezinsizeni zamapulazi amancane.
Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa: Ubuchwepheshe Bokugcina Igesi Ye-Biogas
Isilinganiso Sokuhlola | Abaphathi Be-Double-Membrane | Imikhumbi Enophahla Olungaguquki | Amabhaluni Angaphandle Endwangu |
Ukusetshenziswa Okuyinhloko | Izitshalo ze-AD zezimboni nezohwebo | Amadijestiya amancane noma anevolumu ephansi | Ukusethwa kwezolimo nokwezinto eziyimojula |
Umthamo Wokugcina | Ivolumu ephezulu; ukunwetshwa okuguquguqukayo kakhulu | Ivolumu emisiwe ephansi kuya kokulinganisela | Ivolumu emaphakathi encike kubukhulu obuyindilinga |
Ukuzinza Kwengcindezi | Kuhle kakhulu; kulawulwa nge-air-pressure cavity yangaphandle | Kuyahlukahluka ngokukhiqizwa kwegesi nokufuduka koketshezi | Okumaphakathi; indwangu eguquguqukayo iyakhula iye ngaphandle |
Ukumelana Nokugqwala | Phezulu; kusetshenziswa izindwangu ezikhethekile ezinengqimba (PVC/PVDF) | Kudinga ukugoqwa kwangaphakathi okukhethekile ngeglasi noma i-epoxy ukuze kuvikelwe | Ukumelana namakhemikhali okuphezulu ngokumelana nomswakama kanye ne-$\text{H}_2\text{S}$ |
Imibuzo Ejwayelekile (FAQ)
Umbuzo: Iyini inhloso enkulu yethangi le-biogas?
Impendulo: Ithangi le-biogas ligcina igesi enothile nge-methane ekhiqizwa ama-digester anaerobic, lisebenza njengesivimbeli sokulawula ukucindezela kohlelo nokufanisa isidingo samandla esishintshashintshayo nokukhiqizwa kwezinto eziphilayo okuqhubekayo.
Umbuzo: Kungani izimboni eziningi zisebenzisa amathangi e-biogas ane-double-membrane?
A: Izinhlelo zembrane embili zihlinzeka ngesixazululo esingabizi, esinomthamo omkhulu wokugcina lapho imembrane yangaphandle ivikela isimo sezulu kuyilapho imembrane yangaphakathi ikhula futhi inciphe ngokuphephile ngokuya ngenani legesi.
Q: Yiziphi izici zokuphepha ezidingekayo emathangini okugcina i-biogas?
A: Amathangi e-biogas adinga ama-valve okukhulula umfutho (PRVs) ukuvimbela ukucindezela ngokweqile, ama-valve okukhulula i-vacuum ukuvimbela ukuwa kwesakhiwo ngesikhathi kukhishwa igesi, izinto zikagesi ezingaqhumi, kanye nezicupho zokukhipha amanzi ajiyile.
Q: I-biogas eluhlaza iyithinta kanjani ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha zethangi?
A: I-biogas eluhlaza iqukethe umswakama ne-hydrogen sulfide ($\text{H}_2\text{S}$), okudala indawo enobuthi futhi ene-asidi. Amathangi kufanele akhiwe ngezinto ezingagqwali njenge-glass-fused-to-steel, i-stainless steel, noma izindwangu ezikhethekile ze-high-density polymer.
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