Iyini i-Tower Silo futhi Kunini Lapho Ukugcinwa Kwe-Cylindrical Ende Kukhokha Khona
Kwadalwa ngo 07.31
Yini i-Tower Silo futhi Kunini Lapho Ukugcinwa Okude Kwe-Cylindrical Kukhokha Khona
I-silo yombhoshongo iyisitsha esikhulu esiyisilinda esigcwele, ngokuvamile eside kunobubanzi baso, esisetshenziselwa ukugcina okusanhlamvu, impuphu, ama-pellets, udaka noma i-slurry endaweni encane. Ukuphakama kunikeza ukuminyana kokugcina nokukhishwa ngamandla adonsela phansi, kodwa yonke imitha eyengeziwe yogobolondo yengeza umthwalo womoya, ukuphakama kokudlulisa kanye nezindleko zesisekelo, ngakho-ke isilinganiso esisebenzayo sokuphakama nobubanzi sihlala siphansi kakhulu kunokulingana okuhle kakhulu kwethiyori uma usuneza i-ossature. Ukwakhiwa kwe-glass-fused-to-steel okuboshiwe kufaneleka kahle kwi-silo yombhoshongo ngoba ama-panels afika e-pre-fused, aboshwa ngendandatho ngayinye, futhi ingaphakathi le-enamel lihlala lingasebenzi ebangeni le-pH 1 kuya ku-14 ngesikhathi sokuphila esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-30.
Isitshalo sinomthamo wokukhiqiza futhi asinayo indawo. Ihholo elisha lokugcina lizodla igceke, umjikelezo wokuhamba kwamaloli kanye nebuffer edingwa inqubo, futhi enye indlela yokuhambisa impahla ngamaloli ihla inyuka ibiza kakhulu kunenani lomkhiqizo. Leso yisimo lapho kucaciswa khona i-tower silo: isitsha esincane futhi eside esikhuphula ithani elifanayo endaweni encane yekhonkolo. Inkinga ukuthi umbhoshongo awuyona nje ithangi elibanzi elakhiwe lide. Umthwalo womoya, umthwalo weqhwa, ukuphakama kokudlulisa kanye nesisekelo konke kukhula ngokuphakama, futhi ezomnotho ngokuvamile zincike ekutheni ugcina into egeleza njengokhlambe noma into eziphatha njengesigwedlo sodaka. Uma kubuyiselwa ngamazwi alula, kuyini i-tower silo? Isilinda esincane esinesilinganiso sokuphakama kuya kobubanzi, hhayi umthamo waso, esiqhuba umthwalo womoya, uhlaka lwangaphakathi kanye nezindleko zesisekelo, yingakho izigaba ezingezansi zibeka intengo yokugcina kwesilinda eside ngokuqhathanisa nethangi elibanzi ngaphambi kokuba noma ubani azibophezele ekuphakameni.
Yini Ehlukanisa i-Tower Silo Kwithangi Elibanzi
I-tower silo ichazwa ngokokuqala ngokwesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi, bese kuthi ngevolumu yesibili. Imikhumbi eminingi yezinto ezisetshenziswayo kwezimboni ibanzi kunokuba inde, ngoba ithangi elibanzi elinesisekelo esicaba lisabalalisa umthwalo, lisebenzisa isisekelo esingajulile esingabizi futhi livumela imoto noma isidluliseli ukuba sifinyelele maphakathi naphansi. I-tower ihlehlisa lokho kucabanga. Ububanzi bunqunywa yimishini yokudlulisa nokukhipha, futhi ubude bunezelwa ngamaringi kuze kube yilapho isisindo esigciniwe sifaneleka, okusho ukuthi umkhumbi uba mncane futhi ube side, ugobolondo kufanele luthwale ukugoba okwengeziwe okuvela emoyeni, futhi ingaphakathi elinjenge-ossature njengeziqinisi zamaringi, iziqinisi zamakholomu noma ikholomu emaphakathi liyadingeka uma isilinganiso sikhuphuka. Inzuzo ukuthi umkhumbi omude ukhipha kusuka phansi ngaphansi kwekhanda eligcwele, ngakho i-hopper noma indawo yokuphuma ngamandla adonsela phansi ihambisa impahla ngaphandle kokuphakamisa endleleni yokukhipha.
Imithwalo, i-Ossature kanye Nomkhawulo Wobude
Umoya neqhwa, hhayi umthamo, kunquma ukuthi umbhoshongo wesilo ungakhula ube mude kangakanani ngokunengqondo. Ngaphezu kwesilinganiso esicishe sibe yizingu ezimbili ukuya kwelilodwa ubude kuya kububanzi, igobolondo liqala ukuziphatha njenge-cantilever emoyeni, futhi impendulo ejwayelekile iwukuthi kusetshenziswe iphrofayili yephaneli eqinisiwe, isiqinisi sangaphandle esiyindandatho emhlanganweni ngamunye, noma emiklamweni emide kakhulu ikholomu yangaphakathi ethwala umthwalo oqondile futhi ikhulule igobolondo ukuba limelane namandla okuzungeza ikakhulukazi. Umthwalo weqhwa nokugudluka ophahleni oluyisicaba noma oluyikhoni elingajulile uyicala lesibili elilawulayo, futhi noma yikuphi ukushelela noma ukugingqika okubangelwa umoya kufanele kuhlolwe ngokumelene nama-ankha hhayi ngokumelene negobolondo lodwa. Lawa ngamacala afanayo omthwalo ahlolwa ngawo uphahla lwedome le-aluminium ngaphansi kwe-AWWA D108 ne-API 650, kuthathwa amanani eqhwa nomoya ngaphansi kwe-ADM 2015 ne-ASCE 7-10, futhi kufanele abalwe endaweni yangempela hhayi ukukopishwa komunye umsebenzi.
Ukuziphatha Komkhiqizo kanye Nokukhishwa
Okubekwe ngaphakathi kunquma ukuma kwezansi ngaphambi kokunquma noma yini enye. Izinhlamvu ezigelezayo namapellethi zifaneleka kumhopo ongashoni noma phansi oyisicaba esinomsele wokuhambisa, ngoba ukugeleza kuhlangana ngokwemvelo endaweni yokuphuma. Izinto ezinamathelayo, ezinomswakama ophezulu zidinga ikhoni eliqonde kakhulu, indawo yokuphuma ebanzi futhi ngokuvamile usizo lwemishini, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu umbhoshongo wesilo uba umxubi kunokuba ube isilo ngomgwedlo noma isixubhisi esihamba kancane ezansi. Ukungqubuzana kodonga kuyinombolo elawulayo: ingaphakathi elibushelelezi le-enamel ku-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm lehlisa i-engeli yokungqubuzana esebenzayo, ngakho i-engeli yekhoni efanayo ikhipha ngokuphelele futhi izinga lensalela liyehla. Lapho into inokugqwala noma ine-asidi, ungqimba olufanayo lwe-enamel olusuka ku-pH 1 kuya ku-14 lususa imali yokugqwala obekuzokwenza udonga lube lukhulu futhi umbhoshongo ube nzima.
Ukulungiselelwa Ngaphambili kanye Nokulandelana Kokwakhiwa
I-tower silo eboshwe ngezibhawodi yakhiwa njengenqwaba, okuyilapho inzuzo yesheduli itholakala khona. Amaphaneli afika ephuma efektri ne-enamel isivele ihlanganisiwe ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C futhi ngalinye lihlolwa nge-spark ku-1500 V DC ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, ngakho ingaphakathi seliqediwe ngaphambi kokuba libone isimo sezulu. Amaqembu abumba indandatho yokuqala esisekelweni, bese engeza izindandatho nge-telescoping noma i-mast Derrick, i-jack noma uhlelo olulula lokukhuphuka kwekholomu yangaphakathi, okusho ukuthi kuncane kakhulu imishini yokuphakamisa esizeni kanye neqembu elingasebenza ngokuhambisana nokuqina kwesisekelo. Ukujiya kwepuleti kuyahlukahluka ngobude, ngokuvamile kuncane phezulu futhi kukhulu phansi lapho ingcindezi ye-hoop iphezulu khona, futhi yonke i-flange ivalwa nge-gasket ukuze igobolondo elihlanganisiwe libe umkhumbi oqukethwe kunokuba kube yinqwaba yamapuleti axegayo.
Ukucaciswa Kobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokuncibilika kwe-enamel | 820–930 °C | Ukuncibilika kanye kuphela epaneleni lensimbi |
Ubukhulu be-enamel coating | 0.25–0.45 mm | Ingaphakathi elingasebenzi, i-pH 1–14 |
Amandla ongele y-enamel | ≥ 3,450 N/cm² | Ukumelana nokugoba nokushaywa |
Isikhathi sokuphila kokuklanywa | ≥ iminyaka engu-30 | Ngesistimu yangaphakathi ecacisiwe |
Ukugqama kwendawo | Ra < 0.8 µm | Ukungqubuzana okuphansi, ukukhipha okulula |
Ukutholwa kokuvuza | Ukuhlolwa kwenhlansi ye-1500 V DC | Iphaneli ngayinye ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa |
Izinga lamabhawudi | 8.8 | I-torque iqinisekiswa ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa |
Ububanzi bephaneli | cishe u-1.2 m | Amaringi ahlanganiswa endaweni |
Lapho i-Tower Silo Iyimpendulo Engalungile
Yiba neqiniso ngezimo lapho ithangi elibanzi liwina khona. Uma impahla kufanele igcinwe isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuxutshwa, isilo eside sifihla indawo efile ekhulayo ezansi engabonwa muntu. Uma indawo inenhlabathi ethambile, umbhoshongo omude omncane ufaka umthamo omkhulu endaweni encane yesisekelo futhi ukwakheka kwe-anchor kuba kubiza kakhulu. Uma imboni idinga ukukhishwa okuphelele nokuhlanjululwa okuvamile phakathi kwamaqoqo, ukuphakama kwenza ukuhlanza kube kancane futhi kube yingozi kakhulu. Futhi uma umkhiqizo ogciniwe uhlikihla kakhulu, ukuphakama okwengeziwe kokudlulisa kusuka ekungeneni okusezingeni lomhlaba kuya ekungeneni kophahla kusho ukuwa noma ukuphakamisa okude futhi okulimaza kalula. Kulezo zimo isitsha esifushane esibanzi esinomklamo omuhle wokuxutshwa noma wokushanela ukukhishwa ngokuvamile siyindleko ephansi iyonke nakuba sisebenzisa umhlaba omningi.
Icala Lomsebenzi
Umsebenzi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi anezingubo ezinkulu | INamibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada |
Amanzi agcinelwe umlilo | ISichuan, eChina | Ithangi le-GFS, amayunithi angu-2 | 8,930 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukuhola ekufakweni |
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kamasipala | I-Indonesia | Ithangi le-GFS | 21,099 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela be-Center Enamel
UCenter Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina aboshiwe kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi angu-300,000 ahlanganiswe ne-enamel ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe umthamo wokukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, i-WRAS, i-FDA, i-LFGB, i-CE (EN 1090), i-ISO 28765, i-FM, i-BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukuklama kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo lokusetshenziswa ludinga khona.
Ezingqimbeni ezinde nezincane lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuklanywa kwe-ossature ne-anchor okungenhla, ukulandelana kokumiswa kweringi ngeringi, kanye nengaphakathi le-enamel eligcina udonga lubushelelezi futhi lungasebenzi ngamakhemikhali phakathi neminyaka engu-30 yokuphila kwalo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Yini ebhekwa njenge-tower silo esikhundleni sethangi elijwayelekile?
Impendulo 1: Umehluko ikakhulukazi isilinganiso sobude nobubanzi. Umkhumbi ophakame kakhulu kunobubanzi bawo, futhi odinga iziqinisi zeringi noma ikholomu yangaphakathi ukuze uthwale umoya nomthwalo oqondile, usebenza njenge-tower futhi uklanywa futhi uhlolwe ngaleyo ndlela.
Umbuzo 2: Ingakanani indawo yaphansi eyongwayo yi-tower silo?
A2: Okuningi kakhulu. Ngoba umthamo uhlelwe ngokuqondile phezulu, umbhoshongo ngokuvamile ungabamba izikhathi eziningana zesisindo samathani ethangi elibanzi eliyisicaba endaweni encane kakhulu, okuyisizathu sonke sokuthi izitshalo ezinendawo encane zikhethe le geometri.
Q3: Ingabe isilo eside kakhulu sidinga insimbi eshisiwe?
A3: Yebo, ngokwengxenye. Ingcindezi ye-hoop ikhula nomjikelezo, ngakho izigaba eziphansi zithwala amaphaneli ashisiwe, futhi imibhoshongo emincane idinga ukuqiniswa emihlanganweni noma ikholomu yangaphakathi yokubhekana nokugoba nokugingqika okubangelwa umoya neqhwa.
Q4: Kuthiwani ngeqhwa nomoya ophahleni?
A4: Ukulayishwa kophahla nokuhamba komoya kuhlolwa ngokumelene namavelu esiza, ngokuvamile kubhekiselwa ku-ADM 2015 kanye ne-ASCE 7-10, futhi lapho kusetshenziswa uphahla lwedome ye-aluminium noma lukakhonkolo uphahla ngokwalo luhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-AWWA D108 kanye ne-API 650.
Umbuzo 5: Ingabe i-silo yombhoshongo ehlanganiswe ngamabhawudi ayivuzi?
Impendulo 5: Yebo. Amaphaneli afakwa izicucu kuzo zonke izindonga ngama-seal afana ne-EPDM, futhi iphaneli ngayinye ye-enamel ihlolwa ngenhlansi ku-1500 V DC ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, ngakho indawo ehlanganisiwe iyisitsha esivalekile hhayi inqwaba yamapulangwe angavalwanga.
Umbuzo 6: Ingabe ubude bungandiswa kamuva?
Impendulo 6: Kwesinye isikhathi, kodwa ushintsho lwesakhiwo hhayi ukwengezwa okubhawudiwe. Ukwengeza ubude kwandisa umthwalo womoya neqhwa esitsheni sonke, ngakho ama-anchor ne-ossature kufanele kuhlolwe kabusha; ukwengeza isitsha esihambisanayo endaweni efanayo elungisiwe ngokuvamile kulula.
I-tower silo iyimpendulo efanele lapho igceke lincane, impahla ihamba ngokuthembekile iya endaweni yokuphuma engaphansi, futhi isisekelo singathwala umthwalo otholakala ngobude. Ukusebenza kwayo kwezomnotho kuba ngcono ngesimo sangaphakathi esibushelelezi esinokungqubuzana okuphansi kanye nokulandelana kokwakhiwa okulawulwayo, kokubili okuhlinzekwa kahle ukwakhiwa okuhlanganisiwe okuboshiwe. Ukusebenza kwayo kwezomnotho kuyehla lapho impahla iqina, inhlabathi ithambile, noma isitsha sidinga ukukhishwa futhi ukuhlanzwa kaningi. Thatha isilinganiso sobude nobubanzi, amanani omoya neqhwa, i-engeli yokungqubuzana komkhiqizo kanye nombiko wenhlabathi kulo mbuzo ukuze ukuqhathanisa kwenziwe ngomsebenzi ofanayo.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Sithumelele impahla egciniwe kanye nokuminyana kwayo okukhulu, ithani okudinga ukuyibamba, usayizi wendawo etholakalayo, amanani omoya neqhwa endaweni kanye nombiko wenhlabathi. Sizobuyisela ukukhetha kobude nobubanzi, isiphakamiso sokuqinisa nesisekelo, ijiyometri yokukhipha kanye nephakethe eliphelele lomdwebo nesitifiketi.
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