Iyini i-Silo ye-Slurry futhi I-Slurry Ibanjwa Kanjani Ngaphandle Kokuhlala Phansi
Kwadalwa ngo 07.29
Iyini i-Slurry Silo futhi I-Slurry Igcinwa Kanjani Ngaphandle Kokuhlala Phansi
I-silo ye-slurry iyithangi eliyisilinda elime mpo elibamba ingxube eqinile noketshezi ngendlela yokuthi ihlale ixhunywe isikhathi esanele ukuze ikwazi ukumpontshwa, ukukhishwa amanzi noma ukukhishwa ngamandla adonsela phansi. Ngenxa yokuthi izinto eziqinile zisinda kunamanzi, umbuzo wokuklama uhlala uyindaba yokugovuza: ithangi elinganyakazi livumela ukuthi ingqimba yezinto eziqinile icindezelane phansi bese kuthi izingcezu ezincane ziqine odongeni, ngakho-ke isitsha sidinga umjikelezo wokuhamba kwamanzi, isihlanganisi se-jet noma isigwedlo esihamba kancane, kanye ne-lining engabophi ezintweni ezibekwe phansi. Amaphaneli ensimbi ahlanganiswe nengilazi anikeza indawo engasebenzi futhi enokungqubuzana okuphansi futhi akwazi ukumelana nokushintsha kwe-pH okubanzi okubonakala emifudlaneni ye-slurry, yingakho evamile emsebenzini wezimayini, wokudla kanye wamanzi angcolile.
Isingeniso
Wonke umfudlana we-slurry okhiqizwa yisitshalo ufika ethangini elinesilinganiso sokuqina okungaphezu kwamanzi futhi elinomkhuba wokukhipha lokho kuqina noma nini lapho ukugeleza kuma. Isixube senzelwe umzila ophelele wokumpompa, umzila wokudlulisa uyagcotshwa, bese ithangi lihlala impelasonto futhi umbhede uhlangana ube into umpompo ongakwazi ukuyinyakazisa. Lokho okubonakala njengenkinga yokugcina empeleni kuyizinkinga ezintathu ezixhumene: ukugcina izinhlayiya zilenga, ukugcina udonga lungangcolisi, nokugcina isignali yezinga esanencazelo ngemuva kwezinyanga zokugcwala. Ukuxazulula lezo zinkinga ephepheni kushibhile kakhulu kunokuzithola ngesikhathi sokuqalisa, futhi kuwumehluko phakathi kwesilo se-slurry esisebenza iminyaka kanye naleso esidinga ukumbiwa njalo ebusika. Chaza izinto eziyisisekelo futhi siyini isilo se-slurry? Umthamo ovaliwe ongaphezulu komhlaba oshintshanisa ukumbiwa ngesitoko esilinganisekayo nesiqukethwe, futhi izigaba ezilandelayo zikhuluma ngesu lokuxubha, into yodonga kanye nesiginali yezinga enquma ukuthi leso sitoko sihlala sinyakazeka.
Okugcinwa yi-Slurry Silo nokuthi Kungani Idlula Umgodi
I-silo ye-slurry iyivolumu evaliwe, engaphezulu komhlaba esebenzisa ukugqama esikhundleni sokulawuleka. Umgodi we-slurry ojwayelekile noma ichibi lamanzi kushibhile kodwa alihlali lihlanzekile ngokuphelele: iphunga liyaphuma, imvula inciphisa amandla, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ayangena, futhi i-freeboard ibalulekile noma nini lapho indawo igcwala amanzi. I-silo engaphezulu komhlaba igcina umfudlana uvalelwe, ikunikeza inani elilinganisekayo lokulinganisa isitshalo, futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele ithangi emsebenzini ngaphandle kwemvume yokumpompa. Ukushintshana kungukuphakama nesisindo sesakhiwo: i-silo egcwele ibeka ukuminyana okugcwele kwe-slurry phansi nasegobolweni, ngakho-ke isisekelo sakhiwe ngokuminyana okumanzi ngomkhawulo wokulala kombhede, hhayi nje amanzi ahlanzekile.
Ukunyakazisa, Ukuhlala Phansi kanye Nenkinga Yombhede
Isu lokumisa lichaza izindleko zokusebenza zomgqomo we-slurry ngaphezu kwanoma yimiphi eminye imininingwane. Inketho elula kakhulu i-loop yokugaywa kabusha edonsa kusuka phansi futhi ibuyele phezulu, egcina umzimba wonke unyakaza ngezindleko eziphansi zamandla kodwa idinga umsebenzi ocacile wepompo kanye neyokulinda. I-jet noma isihlanganisi se-prop esifakwe ebhulohweni sinikeza ukunyakaza kwendawo okunamandla kanye nokusingatha izinto eziqinile eziningi, ngenani lokulungisa i-seal kanye namandla okudonsa esihlanganisi ngokwaso. Akukho kokubili okusebenzayo uma i-slurry inengcindezi yokukhiqiza, ngoba ithangi elinyakazisiwe kodwa elingagaywanga lisagcina umbhede othambile ongakaze uphinde ulengiswe. Kuleso simo klama umqoqi we-sludge osebenza ngomshini okhuhla phansi uye endaweni eyodwa yokuphuma, futhi unikeze indawo yokuphuma i-drive enetorque ephezulu ene-valve enkulu ngokweqile, ngoba impahla yalapho iwukugqama kakhulu ithangi elikubonayo.
Impahla Yodonga kanye Nokungcola
Ukufakwa kwezindonga kunciphisa ukuthi ithangi kufanele likhishwe kangaki emsebenzini. Insimbi yekhabhoni engenalutho iyigobolondo elishibhile futhi elinesikhathi esifushane kakhulu sokuphila kunoma iyiphi i-slurry ene-sulfide noma i-chloride, ngoba imikhiqizo yokugqwala ngokwayo iba yidiphozithi eqina ibe uqweqwe. I-epoxy powder ehlanganiswe nokushisa, esetshenziswa ku-180 kuya ku-280 µm futhi yelashwe ngaphezu kuka-200 °C, inikeza umgoqo ominyene onamandla okudonsa ngaphandle ebangeni lama-MPa ambalwa kanye nomphumela wokufafazwa kukasawoti ongaphezu kwamahora angu-4,000, okufanele imifudlana ehlikihlizayo futhi egqwala kancane. Emifudlaneni eshintsha isuka ku-asidi enamandla iye ku-alkaline enamandla, noma ethwala ama-chloride, ingaphakathi lensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi iyisinqumo esiphephile sesikhathi eside: i-enamel engu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm ihlanganiswa nepaneli ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, ingaphezulu liqedwa ku-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm ukuze impahla ikhululeke kunokuba inamathele, futhi ungqimba lukalwa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm² kulo lonke ibanga le-pH 1 kuya ku-14.
Izinsimbi zokulinganisa, ukuchichima nokulawula izinga
I-silo ye-slurry enesiginali yezinga elingathembekile yinto enkulu engaziwa nje. Amadivayisi we-conductivity noma e-radio level angcola ngokushesha eduze kwendawo engaphezulu lapho kwakheka khona uqweqwe, ngakho-ke izitshalo eziningi zisebenzisa izilinganiso ezimbalwa ezizimele: i-bubbler noma i-pressure tap esiteji ukuze kutholakale izinga elijulile, i-radar yendawo engaphezulu ekhululekile, kanye ne-sample cock egcinwa kalula ukuze kulinganiswe. Ukuvikelwa kokuchichima kubaluleke kakhulu lapha kunase-tank yamanzi ahlanzekile, ngoba ukuchichima kwe-slurry ku-ring beam kusakazeka futhi kome kube ibala elihlala njalo kanye nengozi yokushibilika. Faka i-alamu yezinga eliphezulu evala ukuphakelwa okungaphezulu kunokuthembela ku-spillway, futhi uhambise noma yikuphi ukuphuma kwamanzi e-wetwell kubuyisele ekhanda lenqubo ukuze izinto eziqinile ezihlala phansi zingene kabusha esitshalweni esikhundleni sohlelo lweziphepho.
Incazelo yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokushisa lokuncibilikisa i-enamel | 820–930 °C | Ukuncibilikisa okukodwa epaneleni lensimbi |
Ubukhulu bokugcotshwa kwe-enamel | 0.25–0.45 mm | Indawo engaphakathi engasebenzi, enokungqubuzana okuphansi |
Amandla ongqimba lwe-enamel | ≥ 3,450 N/cm² | Bending and impact resistance |
Ubukhulu befilimu ye-FBE epoxy | 180–280 µm | I-powder emile isetshenziswa futhi yelashwa |
Ukumelana ne-salt spray ye-FBE | > 4,000 h | Ngokomkhuba we-AWWA C550 |
Ukuqina kwendawo | Ra < 0.8 µm | Kunciphisa ukunamathela kwezinto eziqinile ezifakwe phansi |
Ukutholwa kokuvuza | Ukuhlolwa kwenhlansi ye-1500 V DC | Ngemva kokuhlanganiswa kwephaneli |
Impilo yokuklama | ≥ 30 iminyaka | Ngohlelo lwangaphakathi olucacisiwe |
Ukucacisa I-Slurry Silo Yomsebenzi Othile
Sebenza ngokuhlehla kusukela esimweni esizinzile kunokuba kusukela esimweni sokumpompa. Thatha isampula emelele, linganisa umthamo womgqomo ozinzile ngemva kwamahora angamashumi amabili nane okuma, bese uwusebenzisa ukulinganisa umthamo osebenzisekayo, ngoba isitoreji esisebenzayo ingamanzi acwebile angaphezu komgqomo kanye nodaka olunyakazayo olungaphezulu kwawo. Qinisekisa ibanga le-pH kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-chloride ngaphambi kokukhetha phakathi kwe-epoxy ne-enamel, futhi uqinisekise noma yimaphi ama-solvent noma amafutha emfudlaneni, ngoba ama-hydrocarbon angahlasela ezinye izinhlelo zokumboza. Bese uchaza umsebenzi wokunyakazisa ngokomthamo wethangi lonke kunokuba ngokomthamo wepompo, cacisa isixubho esilindile noma ipompo yesibili, futhi ufune ukuthi umthengisi angenise isimo somthwalo wesisekelo nomgqomo osesimweni sokuminyana okuklanyelwe. Ekugcineni, cela isivalo sokuhlola kanye nokuxhumana kokugeza phezulu, kokubili okubiza cishe lutho ngesikhathi sokwakha futhi konga ukuvalwa okuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlanza.
Icala Lomsebenzi
Iphrojekthi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi anezingubo ezinkulu | INamibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada |
Amanzi omlilo agciniwe | ISichuan, eChina | Ithangi le-GFS, amayunithi angu-2 | 8,930 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + isiqondiso sokufaka |
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuphuzwayo | I-Indonesia | Ithangi le-GFS | 21,099 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela be-Center Enamel
UCenter Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina anezibophezelo kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukukhulisa umthamo wokukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, i-WRAS, i-FDA, i-LFGB, i-CE (EN 1090), i-ISO 28765, i-FM, i-BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukuklama kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo lokusetshenziswa ludinga khona.
Okudonsa nokuhlinzeka ngezinto ezinamandla aphezulu, lokhu kuhlanganisa izinketho zangaphakathi ze-enamel ne-epoxy ezingenhla, ukuhlelwa kwe-nozzle yokuxuba kusuka kumdwebo wezinga, kanye nesimo sokulayisha isisekelo esihlanganisa umbhede ozinzile.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesilo ye-slurry nedamu lokuhlanza?
Impendulo 1: I-clarifier yakhelwe ukuvumela izinto eziqinile ukuthi zihlale phansi ukuze kuthathwe ukudlula okucacile. Isilo se-slurry sakhelwe ukugcina izinto eziqinile zilenga noma ukubamba umbhede ozinzile ongabuyiselwa, ngakho ukuxuba nokukhipha kuyinto ehamba phambili ekwakhiweni kunokuhlanza.
Umbuzo 2: Mangakanani amandla okuxuba adingwa yisilo se-slurry?
A2: Kuncike ekucindezelweni kwe-yield kanye nokugxila kwezinto eziqinile emfudlaneni wakho hhayi emthonjeni kuphela. Umkhuba wokulondoloza ulinganisa isixube noma iphampu yokujikeleza ukuze kube nokujikeleza okugcina umzimba wonke unyakaza, futhi kunikeza okulindile ukuze iphutha elilodwa lingavumeli umbhede uqine.
Q3: Ingabe ithangi eliboshiwe lingakwazi ukuphatha i-slurry ehlabayo?
A3: Yebo, ngesingaphakathi esifanele. I-epoxy ehlanganiswe nge-fusion kanye nensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi zombili zinikeza umgoqo oqinile, obushelelezi ohlala kahle ekulayisheni okuhlabayo kakhulu kunohlelo lokupenda olusetshenzisiwe, futhi amaphaneli aboshiwe angashintshwa endaweni uma ingxenye yonakala.
Q4: Ingabe i-silo ye-slurry idinga isembozo?
A4: Isembozo siyancomeka noma nini lapho iphunga lilawulwa, i-slurry ikhipha i-hydrogen sulfide, noma imvula inganciphisa amandla. Isembozo esiboshiwe esine-EPDM gasket kanye ne-vent yokulawula iphunga kuyingxenye evamile yephakheji.
Q5: Umbhede ozinzele phansi ususwa kanjani?
A5: Ngokusebenzisa umgudu wokuphuma ongaphansi olinganiselwe impahla ewugqinsi kakhulu, osebenza nge-valve eneqhubelo eliphezulu kanye nokudonsa kwepompo noma isikulufu. Umugqa wokugeza ovela phezulu usiza ukukhulula umbhede, futhi ezitsheni ezinkulu isihluthulelo somshini siqoqa impahla siyiyise kulo mugudu wokuphuma.
Q6: Ingabe ithangi lingandiswa uma isitshalo sikhula?
A6: Yebo. Ukwakhiwa okuboshiwe kusho ukuthi amaringi angangezwa ukuze kukhuliswe umthamo, noma isitsha sesibili sibekwe eceleni ku-ring beam eyabiwe, okuvame ukushibha kakhulu kunokudiliza nokwakha kabusha ithangi elishiselwe.
I-silo ye-slurry iphumelela ezintweni ezintathu: idizayini yokugovuza ehambisana ne-yield stress yangempela yomfudlana, ingaphakathi elinganamatheli kwisimbi esihlala phansi, kanye nezinsimbi zokulinganisa ezisafunda ngokunembile ngemva kokwakheka kombhede. Ukwakhiwa okuboshiwe okungaphezu komhlaba kunikeza ukuvalelwa, isibalo esilinganisekayo kanye negobolondo elilungisekayo, kuyilapho ingaphakathi le-glass-fused-to-steel noma le-fusion-bonded epoxy libhekana nohlangothi lokugqwala oluhlala lushayela izindleko zokuphila komkhiqizo. Thatha isilinganiso sombhede ozinze ngaphambi kokuba uzibophezele kumthamo, futhi ucele umthengisi angenise umthwalo wesisekelo nombhede ufakiwe.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela ukwakheka kwe-slurry nephesenti lezinto eziqinile, ibanga le-pH nokuqukethwe kwe-chloride, umthamo wansuku zonke nesikhathi sokugcina osidingayo, kanye nendawo etholakalayo nokuthi indawo inezinga elingaphansi noma elingaphezulu kwegredidi. Uzothola ukukhetha kwethangi, isincomo sempahla yangaphakathi, isiphakamiso sokuhlelwa kwe-agitation kanye nefayela eliphelele lomdwebo nesitifiketi ukuze lihlolwe.
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