Iyini iSilo Sedaka Lokukhuculuka Lamanzi Angcolile Elinesitsha Sokugcina noma Umklamo Waphansi Ocishe Ulingane
Kwadalwa ngo 07.30
Yini iSilo Sedaka Lendle Elinombhoxo noma Umklamo Waphansi Oyisicaba
I-silo yodaka lwamanzi okukhuculuka iyisitsha esiyisilinda esime mpo esigcina udaka olukhishiwe amanzi, olugaywe noma olujiyile ngobuningi phakathi kwezinhlelo zokwelashwa kanye nesinyathelo sokulahlwa. Izitshalo ezidinga ukukhishwa okuthembekile ngamandla adonsela phansi zikhetha isisekelo se-hopper noma se-funnel, kuyilapho ikhekhe eligeleza ngokukhululekile lingafanelekela isisekelo esiyisicaba esishibhile esisebenza nge-screw conveyor. Into yodonga iyisinqumo sangempela: insimbi ye-carbon igqwala ngokushesha emkhathini we-sulfide ne-ammonia ongaphezu kombhede wodaka, kanti i-silo yensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi inikeza indawo engasebenzi, engabambeli futhi ebekezelela i-pH kusukela ku-1 kuya ku-14 kanye nempilo yokuklama engaphezu kweminyaka engama-30.
I-sludge ekhishwe amanzi ifika ku-silo ngamaphesenti angama-20 kuya kwangama-30 okuqinile okomile, futhi izitshalo eziningi manje ziyihambisa ngqo ku-container, i-bay noma iloli ngaphandle kwe-buffer yokubamba nhlobo. Uma i-trailer ibambezelekile, i-belt ima noma i-landfill yenqaba umthwalo, umugqa wokwelapha awunandawo yokubeka okukhishwayo. Isixazululo esivamile i-silo eqondile ene-conical discharge, kodwa i-geometry esebenza kwesinye isitshalo iqina ibe ngqindilili kwesinye ngoba i-angle of repose yashintsha ngemuva kokuthi i-polymer dose ilungiswe kabusha. Ukuthola isimo saphansi, into yodonga kanye nokungena komoya kahle kwe-sludge yakho siqu yikho okwenza i-silo ye-sludge yendle ibe nokusebenza esikhundleni sokuba enye into yokulungisa. Ngamazwi acacile, iyini i-silo ye-sludge yendle? Isibambi se-bulk somfudlana wenqubo oyi-semi-solid okuziphatha kwawo kokukhipha kulungiselelwe i-angle of repose ye-sludge yesitshalo esisodwa, yingakho i-geometry ye-hopper noma yaphansi kufanele ikhethwe i-sludge nge-sludge kunokuba ikopishwe kwenye indawo.
Okumele Kwenziwe yiSilo Sedaka Lendle
I-silo yodaka lwamanzi angcolile iyisibambi esikhulu somfudlana wenqubo engamanzi nengaqinile, akuyona i-reactor futhi akuyona i-clarifier. Umsebenzi wayo ukuhlukanisa ukukhiqizwa kodaka nokulahlwa kodaka, ukumunca ukushintshashintsha komswakama wekhekhe, nokunikeza isiphakeli esingaguquki esitsheni sokushisa, isitshalo sokushisa sodwa, isiphakeli sokugaya ngokubambisana noma ithimba lokuthutha. Izinto ezintathu zibalulekile ekusebenzeni. Umthamo ogciniwe kufanele ukhombise isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuphazamiseka kokulahlwa okulindelwe yisiza, okuvamise ukuba iphethini lamaholide noma ukumiswa kwemvume kunokuba umcimbi wemvula wokuklama. Izinga lokukhipha kufanele lihambisane nalokho okungathathwa yimishini elandela emuva, okuthi ku-screw conveyor noma i-slider-bed kube ngaphansi kakhulu kunezinga lokugcwalisa. Futhi isikhala sengqondo kufanele sikhishwe umoya ukuze i-hydrogen sulfide inganqwabelani ifinyelele ezingeni elilimaza uphahla noma elidala ingozi yendawo evaliwe.
Umklamo Waphansi Onombhoxo Uma Kuqhathaniswa Nophansi Oyisicaba
Isimo sendawo engezansi sinquma ukuthi i-silo yakho yodaka lwendle iyaphuma noma igcwalisa nje. Umphansi we-hopper one-engeli yodonga lwama-degree angu-60 kuya ku-70 unikeza ukukhishwa ngamandla adonsela phansi kanye nezinga eliphansi lensalela, ngokuvamile elingaphansi kwamaphesenti amabili omthamo osebenzayo wekhekhe eligelezayo, ngoba impahla ishelela endaweni yokuphuma emaphakathi ngaphandle kosizo. Leyo geometry ibiza kakhulu ekuphakameni kwegobolondo futhi idinga isikhala esengeziwe esingenhla esakhiweni, futhi futhi ingaba sengcupheni yokwakha ibhuloho noma umgodi wamagundane lapho ikhekhe liqina. I-silo enomphansi oyisicaba ishibhile, imfushane futhi ilula ukuyibeka phezu kwesisekelo se-ring beam, kodwa incike ngokuphelele ohlelweni lokukhipha ngomshini: isikulufu se-tubular, isidluliseli se-slider-bed, i-drag chain noma i-valve ejikelezayo enokujova komoya. Insalela esele phansi kwe-silo enomphansi oyisicaba ngokuvamile iphakeme kakhulu, futhi leyo nsalela ingaba anaerobic, ikhiqize iphunga futhi idinge ukuhlanjululwa ngesandla.
Impahla Yodonga kanye Nemvelo Yokugqwala
Isikhala segesi esingaphezu kombhede we-sludge sinolaka kakhulu kune-sludge ngokwayo. I-primary sludge kanye ne-digestate kokubili kukhulula i-ammonia ne-hydrogen sulfide, futhi ngaphezu kwe-pH 8 ingxenye ye-ammonia inyuka kakhulu, kuyilapho i-sulfide lapho kukhona umswakama ihlasela insimbi ye-carbon steel engamboziwe njengokuncipha kodonga endaweni lapho umoya ne-sludge kuhlangana khona kanye nayo yonke imiphetho yokushisela endaweni yokufafazwa. Ukupenda kuyasiza isikhashana, kodwa ukuntuleka kwe-coating kuba umgodi omncane bese kuba ukuvuza. I-silo yensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi ihlanganisa ungqimba lwe-enamel olungu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm kuphaneli ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, ngakho ingaphakathi alinamakhemikhali kulo lonke ububanzi be-pH 1 kuya ku-14 futhi lilinganiselwa ngaphezu kwe-3,450 N/cm², okwenza ukuxebuka kanye nokuba imigodi emincane kube yizindlela ezimbili zokwehluleka okufanele ziqashelwe esikhundleni sokugqwala okujwayelekile. Leyo ndawo ye-enamel iphinde iqedwe nge-Ra engaphansi kwe-0.8 µm, ngakho i-sludge esele ikhishwa ngokuhlanzekile futhi udonga alukhuli ifilimu enamathelayo esheshisa ukunqwabelana.
Uthuli, Iphunga kanye Nokukhipha Umoya
Ukulawula iphunga kuyinkinga yokuklama kwe-silo ngaphambi kokuba kube yinkinga ye-scrubber. Wonke umjikelezo wokugcwalisa ususa igesi yesikhala sengqondo, futhi uma umoya ophumayo uhanjiswa ku-biofilter sekwephuze kakhulu kuba isikhalazo esivela emngceleni wothango. Linganisa umugqa womoya ophumayo ukuze uthwale ukususwa okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa ngokushesha, faka i-mist eliminator eyisihluthulelo, futhi gcina izinga lokushintshana komoya lilungile ukuze umthwalo wokwelashwa okulandelayo uhlale unengqondo. Ku-silo yodaka lwendle ehlanzekile, isembozo kufanele sibe ne-gasket, umlomo wokugcwalisa kufanele uhlangane ne-vent header ngokusebenzisa i-water seal trap, futhi noma yikuphi ukuphuma emgodini kufanele kubuyele e-headworks kunokuba kugijime phansi. Lapho indawo iseduze nezindlu, indlela yezigaba ezimbili ene-biological scrubber emoyeni ophumayo iyimpendulo evamile yemvume.
Incazelo yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokushisa lokuncibilikisa i-enamel | 820–930 °C | Ingilazi ixutshwe nephepha lensimbi ngokuhamba kanye |
Ubukhulu be-enamel coating | 0.25–0.45 mm | Isithiyo esingangenisi phakathi kwe-pH 1–14 |
Amandla ongele yethu ye-enamel | ≥ 3,450 N/cm² | Imelana nokugoba nokulimala kokushayisana |
Ukutholwa kokuvuza | Ukuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC | Ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ngephaneli ngayinye |
Ukuqina kobuso | Ra < 0.8 µm | Iyahlanzeka, inamathela kancane odakeni |
Izinga lebhawodi | 8.8 | I-torque yokuhlanganisa ihlolwe endaweni |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | ≥ 30 iminyaka | Ngesistimu yangaphakathi ye-enamel ecacisiwe |
Ibanga le-pH lokusebenza | 1–14 | Kufanele i-digestate ene-asidi ne-alkaline |
Ukukhetha iSilo seSewage Sludge seSikhungo Sakho
Qala ngekhekhe ngokwalo, ngoba konke okulandelayo kuncike ekuziphatheni kwalo kokugeleza. Linganisa i-engeli yokuphumula kanye nebanga le-plastiki kumthamo wakho wangempela we-polymer; ikhekhe eline-engeli yokuphumula engaphezu kuka-50 degrees lizoxhumanisa ku-hopper ngaphandle uma umgudu wokuphuma ubanzi futhi udonga lubushelelezi ngempela. Linganisa umthamo ngokushoda okubi kakhulu kokulahla izinto kunosuku olujwayelekile, futhi wengeze amaphesenti angu-10 kuya kwangu-15 we-freeboard ngaphezu kwezinga eliphezulu. Khetha into yokwakha kusuka kumakhemikhali e-headspace: uma igesi engaphezu kombhede ithwala i-hydrogen sulfide, ingaphakathi le-enamel iyimpendulo ephephile yesikhathi eside, futhi uma indawo ingaphakathi ezweni enomfula opholile kanye nesabelomali esiqinile, igobolondo le-hot-dip galvanized ku-GB/T 13912-2020 liyavikeleka kuphela emsebenzini wamanzi ahlanzekile. Bese ucacisa idivayisi yokukhipha, i-vent kanye nezinsimbi zezinga kuyiphasela elilodwa negobolondo, ngoba i-silo ethengwe njenge-tank yodwa cishe njalo ifika iswele izinto zokunamathisela eziyenza isebenze.
Icala Leprojekthi
Iprojekthi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Uhlelo lwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini | Xinjiang, China | Ithangi le-GFS, amayunithi angu-27 | 30,469 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada |
Uhlelo lwamanzi angcolile kamasipala | Sichuan, China | Ithangi le-GFS, amayunithi angu-10 | 17,420 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukuhola ekufakweni |
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuphuza | Namibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela le-Center Enamel
UCenter Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina anezibophezelo kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi angu-300,000 ahlanganiswe ne-enamel ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka amathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kukhuliswe umthamo wokukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, i-WRAS, i-FDA, i-LFGB, i-CE (EN 1090), i-ISO 28765, i-FM, i-BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukuklama kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Ngemisebenzi yokugcina udaka kanye nezinto eziwugxathu, lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hopper ne-cone, izembozo ezinamagaskethi, ukulinganisa kwe-vent kanye nemininingwane yangaphakathi ye-enamel echazwe ngenhla.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesilo sodaka lwendle kanye ne-digester yodaka?
Impendulo 1: Isilo sigcina udaka ngokomzimba ngaphandle kokulushintsha. I-digester iyisithako esigcina udaka ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elilawulwayo nesikhathi ukuguqula izinto eziphilayo zibe i-biogas. Isilo singahlala phezulu noma phansi kwe-digester, futhi lezi zitsha ezimbili zicaciswa ngendlela ehluke kakhulu.
Umbuzo 2: Isikhathi esingakanani udaka lungagcinwa esilweni?
A2: Ikhekhe elomiswe ngumoya futhi elikhishwe amanzi lihlala kahle izinsuku ngoba selivele lisemi-solid, kodwa isitoreji esigcwele ngokweqile siholela ekubeni nephunga kanye nombhede oqinayo okhipha ngokungalingani. Izitshalo eziningi zilinganisa izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezihlanu zokukhiqiza futhi zihambisa umoya wokukhishwa emoyeni ukuze ulawulwe iphunga.
Q3: Kungani ukhetha umgodi ongaphansi kunezansi eliyisicaba?
A3: Umgodi ongaphansi ukhishwa ngamandla adonsela phansi ngezinga elincane lokusalela kanye nendlela elula yokukhipha. Izansi eliyisicaba libiza kancane futhi lidinga ukuphakama okuncane, kodwa lincike kusikulufu, idragi noma isidluliseli somhlandla futhi ngokuvamile ligcina isithende esikhulu esidinga ukunakekelwa ngesandla.
Q4: Ingabe ingaphakathi le-enamel lizosinda i-hydrogen sulfide?
A4: Yebo. Ungqimba lwe-enamel alunasimo esiguqukayo kulo lonke ibanga le-pH 1 kuya ku-14 futhi iwukungaphakathi okunconywayo kwezinsiza ze-biogas nezinomswakama we-sulfide, kodwa uhlelo lwegesi olulandelayo lusadinga ukukhishwa kwesulfure, ngoba lokhu kuvikela kusebenza ngaphakathi kwethangi hhayi emapayipini, ama-valve noma izishisi.
Q5: Ingabe i-silo eboshwe ngamabhawodi ingandiswa kamuva?
A5: Yebo. Amaphaneli aboshwe ngamabhawodi ahlangana ngamaringi azungeze umbhoshongo, ngakho umthamo uvame ukukhushulwa ngokwengeza amaringi noma ngokubeka iyunithi yesibili ehambisanayo ku-ring beam efanayo, okugwema ukushintsha isisekelo ngokuphelele.
Q6: Yiluphi ububanzi bomthamo obungokoqobo be-silo eyodwa?
A6: Amathangi awodwa anikezwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³, futhi imikhumbi evamile yodaka ne-slurry endaweni ihamba phakathi kwamakhulu ambalwa nezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamamitha ekhubhu kuye ngokuhlelwa kokulahlwa kanye nendawo etholakalayo.
I-silo yodaka lwendle iyayithenga indawo yokukhululeka kwesitshalo phakathi kokukhiqizwa kodaka nokulahlwa kodaka, futhi i-geometry, into yodonga kanye ne-vent kufanele kukhethwe ndawonye ngokumelene nezakhiwo zekhekhe langempela hhayi i-datasheet ejwayelekile. Izansi ze-hopper zinikeza ukukhishwa okuhlanzekile kakhulu, izansi eziyisicaba zinikeza izindleko zokuqala eziphansi kakhulu, futhi ingaphakathi elihlanganiswe nge-enamel iyimpendulo ezinzile kakhulu lapho indawo yekhanda ithwala i-sulfide noma i-ammonia. Buyekeza umswakama wekhekhe lakho, i-angle yokuphumula kanye nokuphazamiseka kokulahlwa ngaphambi kokuthi ukhiphe umbuzo, futhi uphathe imishini yokukhipha njengengxenye yephakethe lethangi hhayi into ecatshangelwa kamuva.
Khuluma nonjiniyela
Sithumele uhlobo lwe-sludge kanye nokuqukethwe kwezinto ezomile, umkhiqizo wansuku zonke olindelekile ngamathani, isikhathi sokuphazamiseka kokulahlwa okudinga ukusikhulisa kanye nendawo etholakalayo. Sizobuya ngenketho yejometri yesilo, isincomo sempahla, ukubalwa komthamo kanye nephakethe eliphelele lomdwebo nesitifiketi ukuze kubuyekezwe.
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