Iyini i-Funnel Bottom Silo: I-Geometry, Usizo Lokugeleza Nokuthi Ihambelana Kuphi
Kwadalwa ngo 07.31
Yini i-Funnel Bottom Silo: I-Geometry, Usizo Lokugeleza Nalapho Ifanele Khona
I-funnel bottom silo iyisilinda esinesisekelo esiyiphiramidi engajulile noma i-conical hopper eyakhiwe phansi kwe-silo eyisilinda, ethambekela endaweni eyodwa yokuphuma. Ihlezi phakathi kwesisekelo esiyisicaba nesisekelo se-cone ejulile: insimbi encane nokuphakama okuncane kune-cone ephelele, futhi ikhipha ngendlela ethembekile kakhulu kunaphansi olinganayo. Iwukukhetha okulungile lapho impahla igeleza nge-engeli encane yokuphumula, lapho isikhala sokuphakama sikhawulelwe, futhi lapho kudingeka indawo eyodwa yokuphuma elinganisiwe — futhi iwukukhetha okungalungile lapho impahla inamathela, ngoba ithambeka elingajulile alikwazi ukunqoba i-engeli ephezulu yokugeleza.
Ungqongqoshe wezinto eziqinile eziningi ukhetha phakathi kwephansi eliyisicaba, umgogodla onjengefunnel kanye nomgogodla onjengekhoni cishe kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi, futhi umbuzo akuvamile ukuthi umayelana nezindleko kuphela. Umayelana nokuthi ingabe impahla izophuma ngempela yini. Umgogodla onjengefunnel uyisixazululo esivumelwaneni eminingi yezincazelo, ngoba ubuyisela ukuthembeka okukhulu kokukhishwa kwekhoni ngengxenye encane yobude obungeziwe nensimbi. Ukuqonda ukuthi umgogodla onjengefunnel uyini, ukuthi kufanele ube mkhulu kangakanani futhi ukuthi udinga usizo luni umehluko phakathi kwesilo esikhishwa ngokuhlanzekile naleso esihlale sichithwa ngenduku.
I-Geometry: ihopper eyisicaba ngaphakathi kwesilinda
I-funnel bottom iyiphiramidi ehlehlile noma ikhoni engajulile eyakhiwe phansi kwe-silo, etshekela emgodini ophakathi nendawo. Isici esiyisisekelo ukuthambeka: i-funnel ingaphezulu kune-process cone, ngakho-ke ifinyelela i-angle yokukhipha edingekayo ngobude obuncane nangamapulangwe amancane kune-cone ewukuthambeka okukhulu, lokhu kubalulekile lapho i-silo ingaphansi kophahla olukhona, esakhiweni esinobude obumisiwe bamavesi, noma endaweni lapho isakhiwo eside sisho ukuthi kudingeka i-crane ephezulu kanye nesisekelo eside. I-funnel ingaba yi-pyramidal, enezindonga eziyisikwele noma eziwunxande ezihambisana kahle neplani ye-silo futhi ikhiphe ngomgodi ophakathi nendawo noma ochezukile, noma ingaba ikhoni engajulile. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zigxilisa ukugeleza emgodini owodwa, okuyiphuzu lokusebenza: i-valve eyodwa ejikelezayo noma isikrufu sikala i-silo yonke esikhundleni sokuthi kuvulwe nokuvalwa ngesandla izimbobo eziningi zaphansi.
Umthambeka, i-engeli yokugeleza nosayizi wendawo yokuphuma
Ifaneli isebenza kuphela uma umthambeka wehlula into futhi indawo yokuphuma inkulu ngokwanele ukuthi ingakhi i-arch. Inombolo elawulayo i-engeli yokuphumula kwento futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, i-engeli yayo yokugeleza eguquguqukayo uma isigcinwe ngokucindezelayo umjikelezo; umthambeka obonakala wanele kudatha yedatha elinganiswe ebhokisini lokugeleza uzobamba into uma i-silo isigcwalisiwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi evela kulayini wokudlulisa. Umthetho osebenzayo ukwengeza imajini ku-engeli elinganisiwe bese uhlola ububanzi noma ububanzi bendawo yokuphuma ngokumelene namandla okubopha ento: izimpushana ezicolekile kanye nezitoko ezimanzi zakha ama-arch azinzile ezindaweni ezincane zokuvula, kuyilapho into eyimbudumbudu eqinile izogeleza endaweni yokuvula encane. Uma zombili izilinganiso zisemngceleni, impendulo akuyona ifaneli enomthambeka owedlula lokho indawo engakukhokhela kodwa usizo — i-phedi yokungenisa umoya, indandatho yokwenza uketshezi, indawo yokuphuma ye-pulse noma yokudlidliza, noma isixubhayo somshini — ecaciswe ne-silo kunokuba kube ngemuva kokuvaleka kokuqala.
Ukuqhathanisa nezinye izindlela ezimbili
Isisekelo esiyisicaba, isisekelo esiyisihlambo kanye nesisekelo esiyikhoni ngamaphuzu amathathu kujika lokuhweba, hhayi izinhlobo ezintathu zomkhiqizo. Isisekelo esiyisicaba sishibhe kakhulu futhi silula kodwa sishiya ungqimba olusalayo futhi sidinga indawo yokuhlanza ekhutshwayo; silungele impahla egeleza ngokukhululekile, enokubumbana okuphansi endaweni enkulu yepulani. Isisekelo esiyikhoni — eside, esiphakeme, siyikhoni ephelele esuka odongeni kuya endaweni yokuphuma — sinikeza ukukhishwa okucishe kuphelele nendawo eyodwa yokuphuma ehlanzekile, ngezindleko zamapuleti amaningi, ukuphakama okukhulu kanye nokumbiwa kwesisekelo okujulile noma isakhiwo sensimbi esiphakeme. Isisekelo esiyisihlambo siphakathi: sikhipha kangcono kakhulu kunephansi eliyisicaba ngenxa yokulahlekelwa okuphansi kokuphakama, futhi sibiza kancane futhi silingana nokuphansi kune-khoni ephelele. Isinqumo ngakho-ke sincipha ekutheni isiza lingamukela ukuphakama okungakanani nokuthi impahla imelana kangakanani nokugeleza, futhi isihlambo siyawina lapho impahla isemngceleni futhi indawo yokuphefumula ilinganiselwe.
Ukucaciswa Kobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Isimo sangaphansi | Ihopper eyisicaba eyiphiramidi noma eyiconical | Ngaphakathi kwesisekelo se-silo eyisilinda |
Umthambeka | Ngaphezu kwe-engeli yokugeleza kwezinto, nokunye okwengeziwe | Kushayela ubude nenani lamapuleti |
Indawo yokuphuma | Okumaphakathi noma okuhambisanayo, okulinganiswe amandla okubumbana | Kuvimbela ukugqama phezu kwembobo |
Ububanzi bephaneli | ~1.2 m | Iphakethe lephaneli eliboshwe ngezibuthelo elenziwe efektri |
Uhlelo lokuhlangana | Amaflange, i-EPDM gasket, izibuthelo ze-8.8-grade | Kungenziwa kabusha ngesikhathi sokuphuma |
Izinketho zokusiza | Ipad ye-aeration, indandatho ye-fluidisation, ukuphuma kwe-pulse noma ukudlidliza | Kucacisiwe esigabeni sokuklama |
I-lining yangaphakathi | I-enamel ehlanganisiwe ku-820–930 °C, 0.25–0.45 mm | I-Ra < 0.8 µm, i-pH 1–14, iminyaka engama-30 nangaphezulu |
Inketho ye-galvanising | I-HDG ngokwe-GB/T 13912-2020 | Isibopho esomile, esingasebenzi, esigelezayo |
Uphahla | I-cone eboshiwe noma i-aluminium dome AWWA D108 / API 650 | Imithwalo ku-ADM 2015 / ASCE 7-10 |
Isisekelo | Iringi noma isicaba ngama-anchor | Ukuphakama kuhlolwe esimweni esingenalutho |
Ukusebenzisa i-funnel bottom emsebenzini wangempela
Fananisa ifaneli nesimo esibi kakhulu sezinto, bese uyiqinisekisa ngokuhlolwa kokugeleza ngaphambi kokuba amaphaneli asikwe. Ukudla okusanhlamvu, amapellets okuphakela, ama-granules epulasitiki kanye nosimende owomile ngokuvamile kugeleza nge-engeli elinganiselayo futhi kufaneleka nefaneli enomgodi wokuphuma olingene kahle kanye nosizo oluncane noma olungekho. Ufulawa nezinye izimpushana ezicolekile zidinga umgodi wokuphuma omkhulu futhi ngokuvamile zidinga umoya noma usizo lwe-pulse, ngoba impushana ecolekile ixhumanisa kalula futhi izokhipha nothuli kakhulu emgodini wokuphuma omncane. I-biomass emanzi, amanye ama-concentrates amaminerali kanye nanoma yisiphi isitoko esithatha umswakama noma esibopha ngamandla sizodinga umthambeka oqondile kunalokho ifaneli engakunikeza endaweni etholakalayo yekhanda, futhi leyo misebenzi iyisimo se-cone egcwele enosizo. Lapho izinto zisemngceleni, umshwalense oshibhile ukuhlolwa kokugeleza okulinganiselwe kwesitoko sangempela ngokusebenzisa ifaneli emele kanye nomgodi wokuphuma emthambekeni ocacisiwe, okubiza kancane kakhulu kune-silo engaphumi.
Icala Leprojekthi
Iprojekthi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ithangi lamanzi aluhlaza elinobubanzi obukhulu | INamibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokugadwa kokwakhiwa |
Ithangi lokugcina elinobubanzi obukhulu | IBeijing, eChina | Ithangi le-GFS | 9,682 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokugadwa kokwakhiwa |
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi omlilo, amathangi amabili | ISichuan, eChina | Ithangi lamanzi omlilo le-GFS | 8,930 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokugadwa kokwakhiwa |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela be-Center Enamel
UCenter Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina anezibophezelo kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingama-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe umthamo wokukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, i-WRAS, i-FDA, i-LFGB, i-CE (EN 1090), i-ISO 28765, i-FM, i-BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukuklama kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Esilweni esingaphansi esinefunnel, lokhu kusho ukuthi amapulangwe e-hopper kanye namathambeka akhiwa kanye negobolondo, ukuphuma kanye nokuxhumana kokusiza kudwetshwa kuyiphasela elilodwa, ingaphakathi le-enamel elibushelelezi lapho umkhiqizo kufanele uphume ngokuhlanzekile futhi ugezwe, kanye namarekhodi okuboshwa nokuhlolwa kwemihlanganisela ye-hopper, okuyizingxenye ezinengcindezi ephezulu kakhulu esakhiweni.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Yini isilo esingaphansi esinefunnel?
A1: I-silo enesisekelo esiyi-pyramidal ejulile noma i-conical hopper etshekile eya endaweni eyodwa yokuphuma. Incane futhi imfushane kune-cone bottom egcwele kodwa ikhipha kangcono kakhulu kunephansi elilinganayo, okuyikho okuvamile ukuxazulula esitshalweni esinendawo encane yokuphefumula.
Q2: Ithambeka le-funnel kufanele libe ngakanani?
A1: Ithambeka kufanele lidlule i-engeli yokugeleza eguqukayo yento enomkhawulo, futhi indawo yokuphuma kufanele ibe nkulu ngokwanele ukuthi amandla okubopha ento awakwazi ukwakha i-arch phezu kwayo. Kokubili kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngokuhlolwa kokugeleza esitokweni sangempela ngaphambi kokwakhiwa.
Q3: Kunini lapho i-funnel ingcono kune-cone bottom egcwele?
A1: Lapho indawo yokuphefumula noma izindleko zensimbi zibaluleke kakhulu kunokukhishwa okuphelele, into igeleza ngaphandle kosizo olukhulu, futhi indawo eyodwa yokuphuma emaphakathi ingcono kunezimbobo eziningi zaphansi. Lapho into inamathela noma inengeli ephezulu yokugeleza, i-funnel ngeke ikhiphe futhi kudingeka i-cone etshekile kakhulu enosizo.
Umbuzo 4: Yiluphi usizo i-funnel evamise ukuludinga?
Impendulo 1: I-phedi yokungenisa umoya noma indandatho yokuhambisa uketshezi ezintweni eziyimpuphu ezicolekile noma ezinamathelayo, isiphumlisi sokukhishwa noma sokudlidliza ezintweni ezihlanganisayo, noma isixhumi esihambayo sezinto ezimanzi. Usizo kufanele lucaciswe kanye ne-silo, hhayi ukuthi lufakwe ngemuva kokuba sekwenzeke ukuvaleka kokuqala.
Umbuzo 5: Ingabe ingaphansi ye-funnel ingafakwa i-enamel?
Impendulo 1: Yebo. Amapulangwe e-hopper athwala uhlelo olufanayo lwe-enamel njengogobolondo — luhlangene ku-820–930 °C, luba ngu-0.25–0.45 mm ubukhulu, luhlolwa nge-spark ku-1500 V DC, lubushelelezi ku-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm futhi lubekezelela i-pH 1–14 — okusiza ukukhululwa kwezinto futhi kwenza i-hopper igezeke phakathi kwemikhiqizo.
Umbuzo 6: Ingabe amajoyinti angaphansi kwe-funnel anzima ukuhlolwa?
A1: Zingamapulangwe anengcindezi ephezulu kakhulu esakhiweni, ngakho-ke amajoyinti aboshiwe e-hopper namagasketi kufanele afakwe ekuhlolweni okuhleliwe, ikakhulukazi ngemva komjikelezo wokuqala wokugcwalisa lapho impahla isihlale khona futhi i-geometry yepulangwe isithathe umthwalo.
I-silo enomgqomo ongaphansi iyisitsha esingajulile esingaphakathi kwesilinda esithenga ukukhishwa okuthembekile kwephoyinti elilodwa ngaphandle kokuphakama nensimbi yekhoni ephelele. Impumelelo yayo incike ekuthambekeni okwehlula i-engeli yokugeleza kwempahla, umgodi wokuphuma okhulu ngokwanele ukuvimbela ukwakheka komgqomo, kanye nosizo olufanele oluklanywe kusukela ekuqaleni. Yiqhathanise nongaphansi oyisicaba nongaphansi kwekhoni ngokuziphatha kwempahla nendawo yekhanda, hhayi ngesisindo sezinga kuphela. Thumela idatha yempahla nomkhawulo wokuphakama kunjiniyela futhi uzothola ukuqhathaniswa kwangaphansi nokuthambeka, umgodi wokuphuma kanye nobubanzi bosizo.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela impahla egciniwe enokuminyana kwayo okukhulu, i-engeli yokugeleza nokuhlangana kwayo, umthamo odingekayo kanye nezinga lokukhipha, ukuphakama okukhona ukusuka phansi kuya endaweni yokukhipha, kanye nedatha yesayithi yomoya neqhwa. Sizobuyisela ukuqhathanisa kwe-funnel ne-cone ne-flat bottom ngomthambeka, usayizi wokuphuma, izinketho zokusiza kanye namadrowa nephakethe lesipikhi.
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