Iyini i-Flat Bottom Silo: I-Geometry, Ukukhishwa Kanye Nesakhiwo Sezindleko
Kwadalwa ngo 07.31
Yini i-Flat Bottom Silo: I-Geometry, Ukukhipha kanye Nesakhiwo Sezindleko
I-silo enomphetho oyisicaba iyisitsha sensimbi esiyisilinda esinomphetho olinganayo, ngakho-ke impahla ihlala phezu kwaso sonke isisekelo futhi iphuma ngemigudu yokuphuma, ama-auger noma i-conveyor esikhundleni sokushibilika iye endaweni eyodwa. Ibiza insimbi encane kune-cone noma i-hopper bottom yevolumu efanayo, kulula ukuyifaka ku-slab, futhi ifanele impahla egeleza ngokukhululekile kanye nezindawo ezinkulu eziyisicaba; lokho okulahlekayo yimpahla eyinsalela kanye nokuhlanza okuthatha isikhathi eside. Khetha i-flat bottom lapho impahla igeleza kahle futhi izindleko zimali zibusa khona, kanye ne-cone noma i-funnel bottom lapho ukukhishwa okuphelele noma umgudu owodwa olawulwayo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ungqongqoshe wokuphatha izinto eziningi uma eqhathanisa izinhlobo zangaphansi uvamise ukuqala ngombuzo owodwa — ukuthi kungakanani okokusebenza okuzosala phansi ekupheleni komjikelezo — bese ethola ukuthi impendulo incike kwezinye izinto ezintathu: i-engeli yokugeleza kokusebenza, izindleko zensimbi eyengeziwe ku-hopper, kanye nokuthi isiza sizovumela iphezulu elingakanani. I-silo enomphetho oyisicaba iyisinqumo esingokwezomnotho esiyisisekelo kulokho kuqhathanisa, futhi iyimpendulo efanele kaningi kunalokho okucatshangwa izincazelo eziningi. Uma kubuzwa ngamazwi alula, iyini i-silo enomphetho oyisicaba? Iyisilinda esinendawo ephansi eyisicaba esicindezela umthwalo wayo ngqo phansi ku-slab eyisicaba, futhi izigaba ezilandelayo zichaza ukuthi leyo geometry ifanele kuphi, ibiza malini futhi ishiya ini ekukhishweni.
I-Geometry kanye nomzila womthwalo wesakhiwo
I-silo enomhlabathi oyisicaba iyisilinda esinomhlabathi olinganayo, futhi indlela yomthwalo iqondile. Izinto ezigciniwe zicindezela eceleni odongeni ngengcindezi ekhuphuka ngokujula, yingakho izigaba eziphansi zamapulangwe zisinda kunezaphezulu; isisindo sezinto singena ngqo ku-floor slab noma ku-ring wall; futhi umthwalo womoya ku-shell engenalutho umelana nawo ngama-ankha kanye nesisekelo. Ngenxa yokuthi umhlabathi ulinganayo, isisekelo ngokuvamile i-slab eqinisiwe eyisicaba noma i-ring beam enomhlabathi phezu kwayo, okulula futhi kushibhile kunokugcwalisa okujulile kanye nomhlabathi otshekele ukugqama okudinga i-cone bottom. Udonga ngokuvamile lunezinyathelo zobukhulu — kusinda phansi, kukhaphu phezulu — futhi uphahla luyi-cone engajulile, isembozo esiboshiwe noma i-geodesic dome okubhekiselwa kuyo ku-AWWA D108 kanye ne-API 650 ngomthwalo womoya neqhwa othathwe ku-ADM 2015 noma i-ASCE 7-10.
Ukukhipha: iziphuma, okusele kanye nokuhlanza
Intengo yephansi elisezingeni ikhokhwa ngesikhathi sokukhishwa. Ngaphandle komthambeka, okusanhlamvu noma ama-pellets agelezayo azophuma ngama-outlets aphansi noma ngomsele we-auger kodwa ashiye ungqimba oluncane kanye nendandatho yempahla ezungeze umjikelezo lapho ukugeleza kuhamba khona; impahla enamathelayo noma edonsa umswakama ishiya insalela enkulu kakhulu. Imiphumela engokoqobo iwumthamo osebenzisekayo ophansi kancane, ukuhlanza okuthatha isikhathi eside, kanye nokumboza noma ulwelwesi okufanele kube lula ukukugeza. Yilapho ingaphezulu langaphakathi libaluleka khona: iphansi nendonga yensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi kuthwala ungqimba lwe-enamel oluhlanganiswe ku-820–930 °C, olugqamile ngo-0.25–0.45 mm, olulinganiselwe ngaphezu kwe-3,450 N/cm², oluhlolwe nge-spark ku-1500 V DC futhi olubushelelezi ku-Ra engaphansi kwe-0.8 µm, ukuze impahla esele igqizwe ngethumbu esikhundleni sokukhwelwa. Lapho insalela ingamukeleki ngempela, indlela ephakathi iwumthambeka ophansi wephansi noma iphansi le-funnel esikhundleni sekhoni ephelele.
Lapho okusicaba kuhlula ikhoni noma i-hopper
Ukubhekisisa kuvula izici ezine, futhi kuzo kukhona eyodwa kuphela eyindleko yensimbi. Okokuqala, ukuhamba kwezinto: isisindo esikhululekile, esinokuhlangana okuphansi esinekhona elincane lokuphumula sikhishwa kahle phansi okuyisicaba. Okwesibili, umthamo nendawo yepulani: ingaphansi eyisicaba ishibhile ngekhubhu ngayinye endaweni enkulu yepulani, ngoba insimbi etshekile ye-hopper iba yimali njengoba ububanzi bukhula. Okwesithathu, indawo yekhanda: ingaphansi yesigaxa yenza i-silo ibe yinde ngomthamo ofanayo, okungenzeka ingalingani nesakhiwo noma i-crane. Okwesine, ukuhlelwa kokukhipha: ingaphansi eyisicaba ifanele imiphumela eminingi edla i-conveyor eyodwa, okuwukuhlelwa kwemvelo kwemboni enkulu, kuyilapho isigaxa sinikeza iphoyinti elilodwa eliphakathi elilula ukukala. Uma impahla ihamba, imboni inendawo, futhi ukukhipha kungasatshalaliswa emiphumeleni eminingi, ingaphansi eyisicaba ngokuvamile iyawina ezindlekweni ezifakiwe ngetoni yokugcina.
Ukucaciswa Kwezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Phansi | Isitezi esisicaba, noma umthambeka omncane wokulinganisa | Izinto ezisele yiwo umhlatshelo |
Ubukhulu bodonga | Kusinda kakhulu ezingxenyeni zaphansi | Kulandela ingcindezi yezinto eziqinile ezigciniwe ngokujula |
Ububanzi bephaneli | ~1.2 m | Iphaneli elihlanganisiwe elenziwe efektri |
Uhlelo lokuhlanganisa | Ama-flange, i-EPDM gasket, amabhawudi ezinga le-8.8 | Isihlanganisi esingaphinde siqiniswe |
Iziphuma zaphansi | Izimbobo zaphansi, umsele we-auger, ukukhishwa ngesikrufu | Kulinganiswe ngezinga elidingekayo |
Uphahla | I-cone ehlanganisiwe noma idome ye-aluminium AWWA D108 / API 650 | Imithwalo ku-ADM 2015 / ASCE 7-10 |
Ukufakwa kwangaphakathi | I-enamel ehlanganisiwe ku-820–930 °C, 0.25–0.45 mm | Ra < 0.8 µm, pH 1–14, iminyaka engu-30 nangaphezulu |
Ukukhetha kwe-galvanising | I-HDG ngokwe-GB/T 13912-2020 | Izinto ezomile, ezingasebenzi |
Isisekelo | I-slab eyisicaba noma i-ring beam enama-anchor | Ilawula ukuhlalisana okuhlukile |
Ukuphakama kwesisekelo | Kuhlolwe esimweni esingenalutho | Umoya kugobolondo elilula |
Ukusebenzisa iphansi eliyisicaba emisebenzini yangempela yempahla eningi
Ukudla okusanhlamvu kanye nokudla kwezilwane kuyisimo esijwayelekile esiyisicaba esingaphansi; isitoko esimanzi noma esinamathelayo asinjalo. I-silo yokudla okusanhlamvu enephansi eliyisicaba kanye ne-auger emaphakathi noma uchungechunge lwezimbobo zaphansi ikhishwa ngendlela eyamukelekayo, ihlanzwa ngokushanela, futhi iyisakhiwo esishibhile ngetoni ngayinye, yingakho izisekelo eziyisicaba zibusa ekugcinweni kokudla okusanhlamvu nokudla kwezilwane emandleni amakhulu. Ama-pellets kanye nama-granules epulasitiki enza ngendlela efanayo. Usimende, umlotha wendiza kanye ne-biomass emanzi akwenzi njalo: ayana, abamba i-engeli ephezulu yokuphumula futhi ashiya insalela okungeke kuyishiye iphansi eliyisicaba, ngakho leyo misebenzi iya phansi kwe-cone noma i-funnel enosizo lomoya noma lomshini. Isixazululo esiwusizo esisetshenziswa kuzo zonke izimboni eziningi iphansi eliyisicaba elinokuwa okuncane ohlangothini olulodwa kanye nokuphuma okukodwa okuphansi, okubuyisela inzuzo enkulu yokukhipha ye-cone ngengxenye encane yensimbi ye-hopper.
Icala Leprojekthi
Iprojekthi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ithangi lamanzi aluhlaza elinobubanzi obukhulu | INamibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokugadwa kokwakhiwa |
Ithangi lokugcina elinobubanzi obukhulu | IBeijing, eChina | Ithangi le-GFS | 9,682 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokugadwa kokwakhiwa |
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi omlilo, amathangi amabili | ISichuan, eChina | Ithangi lamanzi omlilo le-GFS | 8,930 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokuqondisa ukwakhiwa |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela Be-Center Enamel
UCenter Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina anezibophezelo kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi angu-300,000 ahlanganiswe ne-enamel ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka amathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kukhuliswe umthamo wokukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 kanye ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, i-WRAS, i-FDA, i-LFGB, i-CE (EN 1090), i-ISO 28765, i-FM, i-BSCI kanye ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukwakhiwa kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, i-AWWA C550 kanye ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo lokusebenza lukudinga khona.
Okwesitoreji esiphansi esicaba esihumusha kusilo noma ithangi elihlanganisiwe elinendawo yaphansi enezingxenye zokuphuma, ukuqedwa kwaphansi okushaneliwe, ukuhlolwa kwe-anchor nokuphakama kwegobolondo elingenalutho, nophahla olulinganiswe nomthwalo weqhwa wendawo, kulethwa namarekhodi okuhlanganisa nokuhlola.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Yini ehlukanisa isilo esiphansi esicaba kusilo esiphansi esine-hopper?
A1: Iphansi. I-silo enephansi eliyisicaba inephansi elilinganayo futhi impahla iphuma ngama-outlet aphansi noma nge-auger, okushiya ungqimba olusalayo; i-hopper noma i-cone bottom yehla iye endaweni eyodwa yokuphuma ukuze cishe yonke impahla ikhishwe, ngezindleko zensimbi eningi, ukuphakama okukhulu kanye nesisekelo esiyinkimbinkimbi.
Q2: Yini inkinga enkulu yokusebenza?
A1: Impahla esalayo ekupheleni komjikelezo kanye nokuhlanza okuthathe isikhathi eside, okwehlisa umthamo osebenzisekayo futhi kwengeza umsebenzi. Ingaphakathi elibushelelezi njengendawo ye-enamel engaphansi kwe-Ra 0.8 µm yehlisa insalela futhi yenza ukuhlanza kube ukugeza ngepayipi esikhundleni sokuklwebha.
Q3: Ingabe iphansi eliyisicaba lishibhile kune-cone?
A1: Yebo, ngokuvamile. Iphansi elilinganayo lidinga insimbi encane kakhulu kune-cone ewumqansa yomthamo ofanayo kanye nesisekelo esilula, ngakho nge-cubic metre ngayinye yokugcina iphansi eliyisicaba ngokuvamile liyizindleko eziphansi zokuqala, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinkulu zepulani.
Umbuzo 4: Yiziphi izinto ezifanele isisekelo esiyisicaba?
Impendulo 1: Izinto ezigeleza ngokukhululekile, ezinokuhlangana okuphansi ezinengxenye encane yokuphumula — okusanhlamvu, amapellets okuphakelayo, ama-granules epulasitiki, usimende owomile esimweni sezulu esomile. Izinto ezinamathelayo, ezimanzi noma ezimunca umswakama ezikhazikala kufanele zisebenzise isisekelo esiyi-cone noma ifunnel ngosizo.
Umbuzo 5: Ingabe isisekelo sisebenza kanjani?
Impendulo 1: Njenge-slab eqinisiwe eyisicaba noma i-ring beam enephansi phezu kwayo, ethwala isisindo esigcwele esigciniwe, nama-anchor alinganiswe nokukhushulwa komoya esimweni esingenalutho kanye nokuhlalisana okuhlukile okulawulwayo kulo lonke isisekelo.
Umbuzo 6: Ingabe i-silo enesisekelo esiyisicaba ingandiswa kamuva?
A1: Emgodini wokugcina ogxumisiwe, yebo. Izendlalelo ezengeziwe ziphakamisa igobolondo futhi amaphaneli engeziwe andisa indawo, kugwenywa ukushintshwa okuphelele komsebenzi womhlaba okudingwa umgodi wokugcina onesisekelo esiyindilinga ojulile womthamo ofanayo.
Umgodi wokugcina onomhlabathi oyisicaba uyisinqumo esingokomnotho esijwayelekile sokugcina izinto eziningi: iphansi elilinganayo, ukujiya kodonga olunezinyathelo, isisekelo esilula kanye nokuphuma ngokusebenzisa iziphuma phansi, okwamukelwa ngokushintshana ngezinto ezisele kanye nokuhlanza okuthathe isikhathi eside. Kuyisinqumo esifanele lapho ukuhamba kwento kukhululekile, indawo inkulu futhi izindleko zekhapitali ngetoni zibalulekile. Thumela into, umthamo kanye nezinga lokuphuma kunjiniyela futhi uzothola ukuqhathaniswa kwefulethi nekhoni kanye nokuthwala kwesisekelo kanye nobubanzi bokuhlanza.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela impahla egciniwe kanye nokuminyana kwayo okukhulu kanye ne-engeli yokugeleza, umthamo odingekayo kanye nezinga lokukhipha, imikhawulo yendawo kanye nobude, isikhathi esivunyelwe sokuhlanza, kanye nedatha yomoya neqhwa yesayithi. Sizobuyisela ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwephansi eliyisicaba nelinesisekelo esiyindilinga, icala lomthwalo wesisekelo, ukuhlelwa kokuphuma kanye nephakethe lemidwebo nezinhlaka.
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