Iyini I-Chemical Powder Silo Containment Flow kanye ne-Corrosion Design
Kwadalwa ngo 07.29
Iyini I-Chemical Powder Silo Containment Flow kanye Nomklamo Wokugqwala
I-silo yempuphu yamakhemikhali igcina i-reagent eqinile eyomile noma impahla eluhlaza kusilinda sensimbi eboshiwe noma edayiwe futhi ihluka ku-silo yosimende oluningi ikakhulukazi ngamakhemikhali: impuphu egciniwe ingase ibe ne-asidi, imunce umswakama, ibe yinqwaba noma isebenze. Ngakho-ke umklamo uqala ekuziphatheni kwempahla nge-pH, umswakama kanye nokugeleza bese ulungisa ukuma kwaphansi, isikhala somoya nesihlungi, uhlelo lokuhlangana olungavumeli uthuli kanye nokuvikelwa kwangaphakathi. I-silo yensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi ithwala ungqimba lwe-enamel oluhlanganiswe ku-820–930 °C ku-0.25–0.45 mm, luhlolwe nge-spark ku-1500 V DC futhi lukalwe nge-pH 1–14, okufanele izimpuphu ezine-asidi ne-alkaline ezingahlasela insimbi yekhabhoni noma i-zinc.
Ungcweti wezinqubo ocacisa isilika samakhemikhali ayimpushana unombhalo onzima kunalowo kasimende, ngoba into ingaba ne-asidi, ibe yicaustic, idonse umswakama noma ingaziwa nje kuze kufike idatha yomhlinzeki. Isilika kufanele sibambe into eqinile eyomile ngaphandle kokuthi into eqinile ihlangane ibe yibhlokhi, impushana kufanele iphume lapho idingeka khona ngezinga elilawulwayo, umsebenzi wokugcwalisa kufanele ungavumeli uthuli ngoba umkhiqizo ungaba yingozi empilweni noma emvelweni, futhi indawo yangaphakathi kufanele ikwazi ukumelana namakhemikhali okuthi uma esesisombulukweni abe nolaka kakhulu kunalokho okusemgodleni. Lezo zimfuneko ezine ziyisilika.
Ikhemistri iza kuqala
I-pH kanye nomswakama we-powder egciniwe kunquma into yegobolondo, futhi isinqumo kufanele sithathwe ngaphambi kwe-geometry. I-filler ene-alkaline emnene noma engasebenzi ingasebenza ku-carbon steel noma ku-silo ye-galvanised ku-HDG GB/T 13912-2020 ngaphakathi okomile. I-powder ene-asidi — usawoti oqukethe i-sulphur, i-phosphate noma i-acidic mineral concentrate — idinga ingaphakathi elingeke lidliwe lapho umkhiqizo uthatha umswakama womoya, futhi i-powder ye-alkaline caustic idinga ukumelana okufanayo ekugcineni kwe-alkaline kwe-envelope. Lokhu kuyisimo se-silo ye-glass-fused-to-steel: ungqimba lwe-enamel luxutshwa nensimbi ku-820–930 °C, lwakhiwe ngobukhulu obungu-0.25–0.45 mm, lukalwa ngaphezu kwe-3,450 N/cm², luhlolwa nge-spark ku-1500 V DC futhi lukwazi ukumelana ne-pH 1–14, ngakho-ke lubamba zombili iziphetho zobubanzi endaweni ye-glass engasebenzi. Lapho i-powder iyi-high-purity yangempela noma i-high-chloride futhi umsebenzisi efuna umgoqo we-alloy, i-stainless 316L iyindlela ehlukile futhi ibiza izikhathi ezimbalwa i-GFS silo; lapho umsebenzi uwumkhiqizo omnene ku-silo eyomile, i-galvanised steel ku-GB/T 13912-2020 iyimpendulo engabizi.
I-geometry yaphansi: ukugwadla nokugeleza
Ama-powder amakhemikhali maningi amathuba okuthi aqoqane (cake) kunosimende, ngakho-ke ukuma kwezansi kanye nendawo yokuphuma kuyizinto eziqondisa ukwakhiwa. I-powder edonsa umswakama noma ethinteka kalula ingakha ibhuloho phezu kwendawo encane yokuphuma futhi yenze umgodi eceleni kwendawo yokuphuma engakhiwe kahle, ngakho-ke ukuthambeka kwe-hopper kufanele kudlule i-angle yokugeleza ekaliwe yento enomkhawulo, futhi ububanzi bendawo yokuphuma kufanele bulinganiswe ngokushona kwe-bulk density kanye nezinga elidingekayo hhayi nge-conveyor. Isisekelo se-cone sinikeza indawo eyodwa ehlanzekile yokuphuma futhi iyimpendulo evamile ye-powder yamakhemikhali eqoqanayo; isisekelo se-funnel esinokuthambeka okuncane silungele into egeleza ngokukhululekile ku-silo ende lapho i-cone ephelele ingaba phezulu kakhulu; isisekelo esicaba esinezindawo eziningi zokuphuma phansi silungele indawo enkulu ye-plan elandelwa i-screw. Lapho ukugquma kungakwazi ukukhishwa ngokwakhiwa, usizo luyi-mechanical — i-fluidisation pad, i-aeration ring, indawo yokuphuma enyakazayo noma ye-pulse-assist, noma i-discharge ehlukanisiwe — futhi lolo sizo kufanele lucaciswe kanye ne-silo, hhayi ukufakwa kamuva ngemuva kokuba indawo yokuphuma yokuqala evinjiwe imise isitshalo. Ngalokho, iyini i-silo ye-powder yamakhemikhali iyisitsha esivaliwe, esinomoya ophumayo esinendawo yokuphuma esiza ukugeleza, futhi i-corrosion envelope ye-powder egciniwe inqunywa ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Ukwakhiwa okungangenisi uthuli kanye nendlela yokuphefumula
I-silo yempuphu yamakhemikhali iyisitsha sokuvala njengoba nje iyisitsha sokugcina. Indawo yokugcwalisa idinga ukuxhumana okuzungezayo okuvaliwe noma isiteshi sokulahla izikhwama esinesihlungi, umoya okhishwayo udinga umgudu wokuphuma olingana nomthamo wokudlulisa futhi uhlungwe nge-baghouse noma iyunithi yekhatriji ene-rotary airlock ebuyisela umkhiqizo obanjiwe, futhi wonke amalunga egobolondo kufanele angangenisi uthuli. Ku-silo eboshwe ngamabhawodi lokho kusho ukuxhumana okunamafulegi ane-EPDM gasket namabhawodi ezinga le-8.8 ahlanganiswe nge-torque ecacisiwe, izimbobo ezibhobozwe efektri kanye ne-gasket ehlolwa ekuhlolweni ngakunye; i-silo eboshwe ngamabhawodi ene-gasket eyonakele ingumthombo wothuli, futhi uhlelo lokuhlola kufanele lufake i-gasket kuyo yonke i-manway nendawo yokungena ophahleni. Ingcindezi yangaphakathi ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa ingamakhilopaskali ambalwa kuphela futhi ayikho ngesikhathi sokukhipha, ngakho-ke i-silo ihlala iyisitsha se-atmospheric esinomgudu wokukhulula, ayisoze yaba isitsha sengcindezi.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokushisa lokuncibilikisa i-enamel | 820–930 °C | Ingilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi ngomjikelezo owodwa |
Ubukhulu be-enamel | 0.25–0.45 mm | Ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm² |
Ukuhlolwa kwenhlansi | 1500 V DC | Iphaneli ngayinye ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa |
ukuzivikela kwe-pH | 1–14 | Izimpushana ezine-asidi ne-alkaline |
Ubulukhuni bangaphakathi | Ra < 0.8 µm | Kulula ukugeza phakathi kwemikhiqizo |
Inketho ye-galvanising | HDG kuya ku-GB/T 13912-2020 | Impushana eyomile, engasebenzi, engahlikihli |
Ukukhetha okungansimbi engaguli | 304 / 316L | Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, i-chloride ephezulu |
Uhlelo lokuhlangana | I-Flanged, i-EPDM gasket, amabhawudi ezinga le-8.8 | Akuvumi uthuli uma ku-torque |
Umoya | I-Baghouse noma isihlungi se-cartridge esine-rotary airlock | Kulinganiswe nomthamo womoya wokudlulisa |
Phansi | Ikhoni, ifaneli noma isicaba esinezindawo zokuphuma | Kulinganiswa ngokususela ku-engeli yokugeleza nokugwadla |
Ukusebenza nokunakekela okugcina isilo sisebenza
Imininingwane enquma ukuthi i-silo yempushana yamakhemikhali iyasebenza yileyo okungekho muntu oyikhokhelayo: indlela yokugeza, indawo ye-manway kanye nesikhathi sokuhlola. I-silo eshintsha phakathi kwemikhiqizo idinga ingaphakathi elingagezwa kanye nomsele wokudonsa amanzi endaweni ephansi; i-silo egcina umkhiqizo owodwa iminyaka idinga i-manway endaweni lapho kulindeleke khona ukunqwabelana, ukuze ithimba likwazi ukubuka umzila wokugeleza ngaphandle kokungena ngokuphelele. Yonke indawo yokungena — isikhombisi sezinga, iprobe yezinga lokushisa noma yomswakama, indawo yokungena yokuhambisa, i-vent kanye nendawo yokuphuma — kufanele ihale kumsele ovaliwe kunokuba ishiselelwe ngaphakathi kwe-enamel ensimini, ngoba indawo yokungena eshiselwe ensimini ingena ku-fused lining yilapho ukuqala khona ukugqwala. Futhi isikhathi sokuhlola kufanele silandele into: impushana emunca umswakama noma ene-asidi idinga ukubukwa endaweni yokuphuma kanye ne-cone engezansi kuyo yonke imijikelezo yokulethwa, kanti impushana engasebenzi idinga kuphela ukuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke.
Icala Leprojekthi
Iprojekthi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ithangi lamanzi aluhlaza anobubanzi obukhulu | INamibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokugadwa kokwakhiwa |
Amathangi ezinhlaka zasezimbonini, amayunithi angu-27 | IXinjiang, eChina | Amathangi e-GFS | 30,469 m³ isiyonke | ukuhlinzeka nokugadwa kokwakhiwa |
Ithangi elikhulu lezinhlaka zasezimbonini ezinobubanzi obukhulu | IZhejiang, eChina | Ithangi le-GFS | 11,613 m³ | ukugadwa kokuhlinzeka nokwakhiwa |
Amandla Obunjiniyela be-Center Enamel
UCenter Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina anezibophezelo kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi ensimbi ahlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi angu-300,000 ahlanganiswe ne-enamel ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe umthamo wokukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, i-WRAS, i-FDA, i-LFGB, i-CE (EN 1090), i-ISO 28765, i-FM, i-BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukuklama kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho isicelo sidinga khona.
Kumasevisi wempushana yamakhemikhali lokho kusho isilo esibonakaliswe kusukela kudatha yezinto: umgqomo we-enamel noma we-alloy, i-geometry yaphansi nokukhishwa, ukungena okusindisiwe, ukuhlangana okungangenisi uthuli kanye nokucaciswa kwe-gasket kanye nokuxhumana komoya nokuhlunga, okulethwa nenqubo yokubopha ngezibhawodi nokuhlola.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Yini eyenza isilo sempushana yamakhemikhali sihluke kwisilo sikasimende?
A1: Ikakhulukazi ikhemistri. Usimende iyimpushana ene-alkaline kancane, egeleza ngokukhululeka, ehlikihlayo; impushana yamakhemikhali ingaba ne-asidi, idonsa umswakama, iqweqwe noma isabe ukusabela nomswakama, ngakho-ke into yangaphakathi, isu lokomisa noma lokunciphisa umswakama kanye nosizo lokuphuma konke kuqhutshwa yiphepha ledatha lomkhiqizo.
Q2: Iyiphi ingaphakathi efanele kokubili impushana ene-asidi ne-alkaline?
A2: Ingaphakathi lensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi. Ungqimba lwe-enamel luhlanganiswa ku-820–930 °C, luba ngu-0.25–0.45 mm ubukhulu, luhlolwa nge-spark ku-1500 V DC futhi lilinganiselwa ku-pH 1–14, ngakho-ke luhlanganisa zombili iziphetho zobubanzi endaweni engasebenzi, ngobukhulu obungaphansi kwe-Ra 0.8 µm okwenza ukushintsha kube nokuwasha okusebenzayo.
Q3: Ngingasebenzisa insimbi egayiziwe yempushana yamakhemikhali?
A3: Kuphela ngephuphu elomile, elingasebenzi, elingagqwali. I-HDG ku-GB/T 13912-2020 inikeza ukuvikelwa kokuzidela kulo msebenzi, kodwa ayifaneleki lapho iphuphu line-asidi noma i-alkaline, lapho kukhona umswakama, noma lapho kuthintwa ukudla noma ukudla kwezilwane.
Q4: Ngingayeka kanjani iphuphu ukuba iqwebeke phansi?
A4: Dizayina ukuthambeka kwe-hopper ngaphezu kwe-engeli yokugeleza elinganisiwe, linganisa isiphuma ngokusekelwe ezingeni lokukhishwa elidingekayo kanye nokuminyana kwesibalo, futhi ucacise usizo esigabeni sokudizayina — i-pad yokungenisa umoya, indandatho ye-fluidisation, noma isiphuma se-pulse noma sokudlidliza — esikhundleni sokuthola ngemuva kokugunyazwa ukuthi isiphuma siyavala.
Q5: Ngingayigcina kanjani i-silo yephuphu lamakhemikhali ingangeni uthuli?
A5: Ngokuxhunywa kokugcwalisa okuvaliwe, umoya ohlungiwe one-airlock ejikelezayo ebuyisela umkhiqizo obanjiwe ku-silo, kanye namajoyinti egobolondo ahlanganiswe nge-torque enamagasketi aphelele. Ku-silo eliboshwe ngamabhawudi, isimo segasketi nebhawudi kuyo yonke i-manway ne-penetration kuyinto yokuhlola ehleliwe.
Q6: Ingabe i-silo icindezelwa noma nini?
A6: Umoya wokugcwalisa uphakamisa ingaphakathi ngamakhilopaskali ambalwa kuphela, futhi indlela yokukhulula kanye nesihlungi esilinganiswe kahle kukugcina kulapho. Ngesikhathi sokukhipha awukho nhlobo umfutho oqondile, ngakho-ke i-silo iyisitsha se-atmospheric futhi akumele neze sisebenze njengesitsha somfutho.
I-silo yempuphu yamakhemikhali icaciswa ngezinyathelo ezintathu: qinisekisa impahla yangaphakathi ngokususela ku-pH nokuziphatha komswakama wempuphu, qinisekisa phansi nokuphuma ngokususela ku-engeli yokugeleza nokuthambekela kokugwadla, bese uqinisekisa indlela yothuli nokukhipha umoya ngokususela endleleni yokugcwalisa. Yenza ikhemistri ibe ngcono futhi okunye ukuklama kuba yinto evamile. Thumela ishidi ledatha yempuphu, umthamo kanye nezinga lokukhipha kunjiniyela futhi uzothola ukuhlelwa kwesilo okunezinto zokufaka, isitsha sokugcina, indlela yokukhipha umoya kanye nobubanzi bokuhlangana.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela igama lempuphu yamakhemikhali noma ishidi ledatha, ukuminyana kwengqimba noku-engeli yokugeleza, i-pH esixazululweni, umswakama nokuthambekela kokugwadla, umthamo odingekayo nezinga lokukhipha, indlela yokugcwalisa kanye nomthetho osebenzayo wothuli noma wokuphatha. Sizobuyisela ukuhlelwa kwesilo okunezinto zokufaka, phansi, indlela yokuphuma, indlela yokukhipha umoya kanye nemininingwane yokuhlangana kanye nephakethe lomdwebo nesicaciso.
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