Iyini Ithangi Lokuchithwa Kwamanzi Ezimbonini? Umhlahlandlela Wezinto, Amazinga Nokulinganisa
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Iyini Ithangi Lokukhipha Amanzi Angcolile? Umhlahlandlela Wezinto, Amazinga Nokulinganisa
Ithangi lokukhipha amanzi angcolile liyisitsha sokugcina nokulinganisa esiqoqa amanzi angcolile okuwumkhiqizo — i-effluent — avela ezimbonini ngaphambi kokuba elashwe, abuyiselwe kabusha noma akhishwe ngokuvumelana nemithetho. Ezitshalweni zanamuhla ngokuvamile liyithangi elihlanganisiwe lengilazi-ensimbi (GFS), insimbi engashisi noma ithangi lensimbi eliqinile elakhelwe ukumelana namakhemikhali anobungozi, nokungaqiniseki kwamakhemikhali amanzi angcolile.
Uketshezi lwezimboni olungcolile luyindlela enzima kakhulu yokuklama uketshezi olungcolile: ithangi elilodwa lingathola i-acidic pickle liquor ngoMsombuluko kanye ne-caustic CIP rinse ngoLwesine. Izinto ezincike ekufakweni kwezinto zihluleka ngokushesha ngaphansi kwalokhu kuhlukumezeka, okubangela ubungozi bokuthobela imithetho yemvelo. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa ukuthi ithangi loketshezi olungcolile kufanele lenzeni, indlela yokulinganisa ubukhulu balo, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izindinganiso zezinto ezinquma ukuthi liyaphila yini.
1. Iyini Indima Yethangi Loketshezi Olungcolile Lwezimboni Emgqeni Wokwelapha?
Ukulinganisa ukugeleza nomthwalo: Izinhlelo zokukhiqiza zidala imithwalo eshockayo. Ithangi loketshezi olungcolile libamba ukugeleza, i-pH kanye nokugxila kokungcola ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-biological noma kwe-chemical okusemfuleni kusebenze ngokuzinzile, ngezinto ezikwazi ukuklanywa.
Indawo yokulungisa amakhemikhali ngaphambilini: Ezimbonini eziningi ithangi liphinde libe yisitsha sokusabela sokulinganisa i-pH, ukunciphisa i-chromium noma ukufaka i-coagulant — okudinga izinto ezibekezelela ama-reagents ekugcineni kokubili kwesikali se-pH.
Ibhafa lokuthobela nokuqukethwe: Izinga lokukhishwa okulawulwayo (i-COD, izinsimbi ezisindayo, i-TSS) zenza umthamo wokugcina ube yimpahla yokuthobela: ithangi libamba amaqembu angathobeli ukuze agaywe kabusha esikhundleni sokuwadedela. Imiklamo ye-GFS enodonga oluphindwe kabili noma enesisekelo esiyibhakede inikeza ukuqukethwe kwesibili.
2. Ukucacisa Ithangi Lokukhipha Amanzi Okusinda Kumakhemikhali
Ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinga eliphelele: Amathangi e-GFS okukhipha amanzi ahlanganisa uglasi olungenayo ne-ensimbi emazingeni okushisa angu-820–930°C, amelana nawo wonke umkhakha we-pH 1–14 kanye nama-chloride, ama-solvent nama-surfactant abhubhisa imibala ephilayo — wonke umthungo uqinisekiswa ukuhlolwa kwe-holiday engu-1500V DC ngokwe-AWWA D103 ne-ISO 28765.
Ubukhulu bezimo ezimbi kakhulu: Linganisa ubukhulu bokukhishwa kweqembu elikhulu kakhulu kanye negalelo lamanzi emvula kanye nomkhawulo ongu-20%. Ukwakhiwa okuhlanganiswayo okunezibhidi kuvumela izimboni ukuthi zengeze amaringi omthamo kamuva lapho imigqa yokukhiqiza ishintsha — okubalulekile ezindaweni zezimboni ezithuthuka ngokushesha.
Ezomnotho zomjikelezo wempilo yonke: I-Stainless steel ibhekana namakhemikhali aqinile kodwa ngezindleko eziphindwe kakhulu ngobuningi obukhulu; ukhonkolo unemingcele futhi uyaqhekeka. Emsebenzini wamanzi angcolile omaphakathi noma amakhulu, i-GFS iletha izindleko eziphansi kakhulu zeminyaka engu-30 ngokunakekela okungacishe kube zero.
Comparative Matrix: Industrial Effluent Tank Materials
Evaluation Parameter | Ithangi Le-GFS Lokukhipha Imfucuza | Ithangi Lensimbi Engagqwali | Ithangi Lensimbi Yekhabhoni Emboziwe |
Ukumelana nokugqwala (i-pH 1–14, ama-chloride) | Kuhle — uqweqwe olungenzi lutho | Kuhle, uma izimali zivuma | Kubi — kuncike kuqweqwe |
Ukonga izindleko zevolumu elikhulu | Kuhle kakhulu — okuhlanganiswayo okunezinsimbi | Izindleko eziphansi — amazinga akhuphuka kakhulu | Okokuqala kumaphakathi, ukunakekela okuphezulu |
Umthwalo wokunakekela impilo yonke | Cishe zero | Ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile kwe-passivation | Ukuphinda kufakwe upende njalo eminyakeni emi-5–8 |
Isivinini sokulethwa nokwakhiwa | Amasonto ami-4–8 ukwakhiwa ngamabhawodi | Ukwenziwa esitolo kunciphisa usayizi | Ukushisela ensimini + ukubambezeleka kokupholisa |
Imibuzo Ejwayelekile (FAQ)
I-Matrix Yokuqhathanisa: Izinto Zokwakha Zamathangi Ezimboni Zamanzi Angcolile
Ithangi lokukhipha imfucuza yezimboni iyisitsha sokugcina nokulinganisa esiqoqa amanzi okungcola avela ezimbonini ngaphambi kokwelashwa noma ukukhishwa. Emfucuzeni eguquguqukayo ngamakhemikhali, amathangi enziwe ngengilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi aqinisekiswe yi-AWWA D103 ne-ISO 28765 anikeza ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-pH 1–14 nempilo yeminyaka engaphezu kuka-30.
Umbuzo 2: Ithangi lokukhipha imfucuza yezimboni kufanele libe sikhulu kangakanani?
Linganisa ubukhulu bokukhishwa okukodwa okukhulu kakhulu kanye namanzi emvula kanye nokungahleliwe okungu-20%. Imiklamo ye-GFS ehlanganisekayo kusukela ku-100 m³ kuya ku-32,000 m³ ivumela umthamo ukuthi ungezwe kamuva ngokubhinca amaringi amaphaneli angeziwe.
Umbuzo 3: Ingabe ithangi elilodwa lingabamba kokubili imfucuza ene-asidi ne-alkaline?
Yebo, uma impahla yethangi ibekezelela ububanzi obugcwele be-pH. I-enamel ye-GFS ayisebenzi kusukela ku-pH 1 kuya ku-14, okwenza ifanele amathangi okukhipha imfucuza ehlanganisiwe ashintshana phakathi kwamanzi angcolile ane-asidi nalawo ane-caustic ngaphandle kokulimala kolwelwesi.
Q4: Ingabe amathangi okukhipha amanzi angcolile adinga ukuvalelwa kwesibili?
Izindawo eziningi ziyidinga emifuleni eyingozi. Amathangi okukhipha amanzi e-GFS angahlinzekwa njengemiklamo enezindonga eziphindwe kabili noma afakwe ngaphakathi kwe-bonded containment, ehlanganisa ukumelana ne-pH 1–14 okuyisisekelo nokuvikelwa kokuchitheka okusezingeni lokulawula.
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