Yini Ekhavisa Ubude Obuphezulu Besitsha Sokugcina Esiboshiwe
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Yini Ekhavimbela Ukuphakama Okuphezulu Kwithangi Lokugcina Eliboshiwe
Awukwazi ukwenza ithangi eliboshiwe libe lide ngokungenasizathu. Ukuphakama kumiswa yimithombo yemvelo kanye nokusebenza, hhayi ngesifiso.
Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwethangi eliboshwe ngamabhawodi kukhawulwa i-hoop stress (ngakho-ke ukujiya kwephaneli), isisekelo kanye nomthwalo wokuzamazama komhlaba noma womoya, imikhawulo yokufinyelela nokumisa, kanye nesidingo sokugcina amabhawodi nama-gasket ngaphakathi kwebanga lawo lokusebenza, konke kuxazululwa ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo.
Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwethangi eliboshwe ngamabhawodi yikuphakama okukhulu kwegobolondo lapho umklamo ungakwazi ukwanelisa imikhawulo yengcindezi, ukuzinza, isisekelo kanye nokusebenziseka ngaphandle kokuba kungasebenzi noma kungabi namali ukwakha.
Izici Eziyinhloko, Izingxenye Nezinhlobo
I-Hoop stress: Njengoba ukuphakama (kanye nekhanda eliqukethwe) kukhula, amaringi aphansi kufanele amelane nengcindezi eyengeziwe yomjikelezo, edinga amaphaneli awugqinsi noma amaringi amaningi.
Ukujiya kwephaneli: Ngale kwephoyinti, ukujiya okudingekayo kufinyelela imikhawulo esebenzayo kanye nezindleko, kunciphisa ukuphakama.
Isisekelo nesisekelo: Amathangi amade asho umthwalo wesisekelo ophakeme kanye nokulawulwa okuqinile kokuhlala phansi.
Ukuzamazama komhlaba / umoya: Ukuphakama kukhulisa umthwalo oseceleni nokugumbuqela, kudinga ukuboshwa okuqinile.
Ukufinyelela nokumiswa: Amathangi amade kakhulu adinga ukuqwashiswa ngokucophelela okwengeziwe, ukufinyelela kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwezokuphepha.
Izicelo Nezimo Zokusetshenziswa
Ukulinganisa noma yiliphi ithangi lamanzi aboshiwe, amanzi angcolile, udaka noma ithangi lezimboni lapho ukuphakama kuqhutshwa umthamo, ikhanda noma izingqinamba zendawo.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe
I-Hoop stress iyona ehola phambili: izindandatho ezingezansi zithwala wonke amandla e-hydrostatic head, ngakho njengoba ubude bukhula, ukujiya kwamaphaneli noma inani lezindandatho kufanele kukhuphuke, futhi imithwalo yamabhawudi nokucindezelwa kwe-gasket kuyakhula nakho. Ukuhla kwesisekelo nemithwalo eseceleni (umoya, ukuzamazama komhlaba) kukhuphuka ngokulingana nobude futhi kufanele kuhlale ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo, okuvame ukwenza ithangi elide lidinge isisekelo esingcono noma ukuboshwa esikhundleni sokuvele lijiyiswe insimbi. Imikhawulo engokoqobo ibonakala futhi ekwakhiweni (ukuphakama kwe-jacking, ukufinyelela, umoya ngesikhathi sokwakha) nasekugcineni umklamo unomnotho.
Kumathangi e-GFS, amaphaneli ahlanganisiwe kanye namajoyinti awo aboshiwe, ane-gasket aklanywe ngaphakathi kwale mikhawulo ngokwe-AWWA D103-09 / ISO 28765, kanti izinga lokumboza kanye nomklamo wejoyinti kuhambisana nomsebenzi. Ngakho-ke 'ubude obukhulu' umphumela womklamo, hhayi inombolo egxilile, kuncike kububanzi, umsebenzi kanye nesizinda.
Izinzuzo Nemikhawulo
Izinzuzo:
Ukuqonda imikhawulo kukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ukuphakama ngokumelene nobubanzi ngamabomu, ukulinganisa indawo yonyawo, ikhanda kanye nezindleko, futhi ugweme ukucacisa ithangi elingakhiwe noma elingasebenzi kahle.
Imikhawulo:
Umkhawulo uncike endaweni nasemsebenzini othile; 'ukuphakama okuphezulu' okukodwa okushiwoyo kuyadukisa. Ukunyusa ukuphakama kwenyusa izindleko kanye nesidingo sesisekelo, ngakho-ke ububanzi ngokuvamile buyinto ekhululekile.
Ukuqhathanisa Nokukhetha Umhlahlandlela
Umkhawulo womshayeli | Umthelela wokuphakama okwengeziwe |
Ukucindezela kwe-hoop | Okujiyile/okudinga amaringi engeziwe |
Isisekelo | Umthwalo wesisekelo ophakeme |
Ukuzamazama komhlaba / umoya | Ukugingqika okwengeziwe |
Ukufinyelela / ukumisa | Kunzima kakhulu, ukuphepha okudingekayo |
Ezomnotho | Izindleko ziyenyuka |
Izinqubo Ezinhle Kakhulu Nendlela Yokukhetha
Lungiselela ubude ngokuqhathanisa nobubanzi bomthamo wakho, ikhanda kanye nomkhondo; qinisekisa ingcindezi ye-hoop, ukuhla kwesisekelo kanye nemikhawulo yomthwalo oseceleni kumklamo wesakhiwo (AWWA D103-09 / ISO 28765), futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukwakhiwa nokufinyelela kuyasebenza ebudeni obukhethiwe.
Ubude obukhulu bethangi eliboshiwe bubekwa yingcindezi ye-hoop nokujiya kwephaneli, isisekelo kanye nemithwalo yokuzamazama komhlaba noma yomoya, kanye nokusebenza kokwakhiwa nokufinyelela, okuxazululwa kumklamo. Thatha ubude njengomphumela womklamo olinganiswa nobubanzi, hhayi umkhawulo ogxilile.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Yimuphi umkhawulo oyinhloko ebudeni bethangi?
Ingcindezi ye-Hoop: amaringi aphansi kufanele amelane nekhanda eliphelele le-hydrostatic, ngakho-ke ukuphakama okwengeziwe kudinga amaphaneli awugqinsi noma amaringi engeziwe, kuze kube ukujiya noma izindleko ziba yinto engasebenzi.
Ingabe ububanzi bubalulekile njengoba ukuphakama kubalulekile?
Ngokuvamile ngokukhululeka okwengeziwe. Umthamo ungatholakala ngokwandisa kanye nokuphakamisa, futhi ukwandisa kugwema ukwenyuka kwengcindezi yehoop kanye nezijeziso zesisekelo zokuphakama.
Ingabe umoya nokuzamazama komhlaba kukhawulela kanjani ukuphakama?
Ukuphakama kukhulisa umthwalo oseceleni nokugingqika, kudinga ukubambelela okuqinile kanye nesisekelo; ukwakhiwa kokuzamazama komhlaba nomoya kungakhawulela ukuphakama ezindaweni eziveziwe noma ezisebenzayo.
Ingabe kukhona ukuphakama okuphezulu okumisiwe?
Cha, kuwumphumela wokuklama oncike kububanzi, umsebenzi kanye nesizinda. Umkhawulo uvela ekucindezelweni, ukuzinza, isisekelo kanye nezingqinamba zokumisa, hhayi inombolo eyodwa.
Yiluphi ukhombandlela olawula ukuklama?
Amathangi ensimbi aboshiwe ngokuvamile aklanywa nge-AWWA D103-09 noma i-ISO 28765 (yamathangi e-enamel), okubeka ukucindezelwa, ukuhlangana kanye nokuhlolwa kokuzinza okubeka ukuphakama okusebenzayo.
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