Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kokugunyazwa Kwe-FDA Ne-NSF
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kwesitifiketi se-FDA ne-NSF?
Abathengi basebenzisa i-FDA ne-NSF ngokushintshana, futhi ukudideka kuyavakala ngoba kokubili kuvela kudatha efanayo futhi kokubili kuthinta ukuphepha. Kodwa enye iyisiphathimandla sikahulumeni esibhala imithetho futhi esingaqinisekisi imikhiqizo, kanti enye iyinhlangano ezimele ehlola imikhiqizo futhi ihlole izimboni. Ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi iyiphi kunquma ubufakazi ongabufuna ngempela.
Emathangini okugcina izinto, impendulo esebenzayo ngokuvamile yikho kokubili: i-coating kufanele ihambisane nemithetho ye-FDA elawula ngokusemthethweni ukuthintana nokudla, futhi isitifiketi se-NSF siyindlela ethembekile kakhulu yokukufakazela. Emanzini okuphuza, i-NSF/ANSI 61 isitifiketi esibaluleke kakhulu, futhi yisona esivame ukukhulunywa ngaso kuma-tender.
1. Yini i-FDA?
Isikhungo sikahulumeni esilawulayo. Sibeka izimfuneko ezibophezela ngokomthetho ezintweni ezithinta ukudla futhi siyaziphoga, kodwa asiqinisekisi, asigunyazi noma asifaki ohlwini imikhiqizo ngayinye njengamathangi okugcina izinto.
· Umlawuli, Hhayi Umqinisekisi: I-FDA ishicilela imithetho - isibonelo, i-21 CFR 175.300 yama-coatings e-resinous ne-polymeric - futhi ilindele ukuthi abakhiqizi bayihambise.
· Ukuhambisana Okuzimemezelayo: Ukuhambisana nemithetho ye-FDA kumenyezwa umkhiqizi futhi kusekelwa idatha yokuhlola; asikho isitifiketi somkhiqizo se-FDA ongasilanda.
· Igunya Lomthetho: Izimfuneko ze-FDA zinamandla omthetho e-United States futhi zisebenza entweni, hhayi esitsheni esiqediwe.
· Okufanele Ukubuze: Isitatimende sokuhambisana esibhaliwe esisho umthetho, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokukhishwa noma kokufuduka evela elabhorethri enekhono.
2. Yini i-NSF?
Inhlangano ezimele yamazinga ethuthukisa amazinga avumelanayo, ihlola imikhiqizo ngokwawo, ihlola izindawo zokukhiqiza futhi ikhiphe izitifiketi ezigcinwa ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo.
· Isitifiketi Somuntu Wesithathu: I-NSF ihlola umkhiqizo wangempela futhi ikhiphe uhlu abathengi abangaluqinisekisa kuhla lwemibhalo olusesidlangalaleni.
· Ukuhlolwa Kwendawo: Isitifiketi sihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwendawo yokukhiqiza kanye nokuhlolwa okungamenyezelwanga ngezikhathi ezithile, yingakho kunesisindo esikhulu kunokuzimemezela.
· I-NSF/ANSI 61: Izinga lamanzi okuphuza, elihlola ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezingcolisayo ezingase ziphume emkhiqizweni zingene emanzini okuphuza futhi libeke imikhawulo esekelwe emiphumeleni yezempilo.
· I-NSF/ANSI 51: Izinga lezinto zokusebenza kokudla, elihlanganisa izinto ezisetshenziswa emishinini yokucubungula ukudla hhayi ezinhlelweni zamanzi okuphuza.
3. Iyiphi Oyidingayo?
Kuncike kulokho okugcinwe ethangini nokuthi likuphi. Izimo ezintathu zihlanganisa amaphrojekthi amaningi.
· Amanzi Okuphuza: I-NSF/ANSI 61 isitifiketi esibalulekile, esisekelwa ukuhambisana ne-FDA noma imithetho yendawo yezinto zokumboza.
· Ukucutshungulwa Kokudla Neziphuzo: Ukuhambisana nomthetho we-FDA 21 CFR 175.300 wokumboza, kanye ne-NSF/ANSI 51 lapho umthengi noma uhlelo locwaningo lwekhasimende ludinga isitifiketi senhlangano yangaphandle.
· Amaphrojekthi AseYurophu: I-EU 1935/2004 iwuhlaka, kanye nezinhlelo zikazwelonke ezifana ne-German LFGB ezinikeza uhlelo lokuhlola oludingwa kakhulu abathengi baseYurophu.
· Inqubo Engcono Kakhulu: Cela kokubili: isitatimende sokuhambisana esibhekisela kumthetho, kanye nenombolo yokufakwa kuhlu ye-NSF lapho kukhona isitifiketi somkhiqizo.
Isici | FDA | NSF |
Uhlobo | Isikhungo sikahulumeni esilawulayo | Inhlangano ezimele yamazinga nesitifiketi |
Umkhiqizo | Imitherho ngaphansi kwe-Code of Federal Regulations | Amazinga avunyelwane nawo kanye nezitifiketi zemikhiqizo |
Ukuvunyelwa komkhiqizo | Ayivumeli noma ayiqinisekisi amathangi | Ihlola imikhiqizo futhi ikhiphe ukufakwa kuhlu |
Ubufakazi obutholakalayo | Isitatimende sokuhambisana somkhiqizi kanye nedatha yokuhlolwa | Isitifiketi esiqinisekiswa esidlangalaleni kanye nokuhlolwa kwesikhungo |
Izinkomba ezibalulekile | 21 CFR 175.300 yezinto zokumboza | I-NSF/ANSI 61 yamanzi, i-NSF/ANSI 51 yemishini yokudla |
Ukuqondisa okuqhubekayo | Ukuqapha nokuphoqelela ezimakethe | Ukucwaninga nokuhlola kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphandle kwesaziso |
Isiqinisekiso Sobunjiniyela Nokusekelwa Kwephrojekthi
Ithangi ngalinye elilethwa yiShijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd. (Center Enamel) lakhiwe ngokuhambisana ne-AWWA D103-09 kanye ne-EN 1090 ngokuqinisekiswa kwe-finite element yomthwalo wegobolondo, uphahla kanye ne-nozzle, lihlanganiswe ku-820-930°C ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, lihlolwe nge-holiday test ku-1500 V kuyo yonke indawo engaphezulu, futhi lihlanganiswe ngamabhawodi e-Grade 8.8 kanye ne-sealant eqinisekiswe umkhiqizi. I-Center Enamel ihlinzeka nge-glass-fused-to-steel eqinisekiswe yi-NSF/ANSI 61 yokusetshenziswa emanzini okuphuza kanye nemibhalo yokuhambisana nokudla ngokuhambisana ne-21 CFR 175.300, kanti imibhalo ye-LFGB iyatholakala kumaphrojekthi aseYurophu.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Ingabe isitifiketi se-NSF sidingeka ngokomthetho?
Akudingeki ngokomthetho wobumbuso, kodwa kudingeka yimikhakha eminingi yezempilo kanye nemithetho yezindawo zaseMelika kanye nezindawo zokuhlala, futhi kubhalwe emikhakheni eminingi yezicaciso zamanzi okuphuzwayo. Ngokomkhuba, ithangi elingenayo i-NSF/ANSI 61 ngeke lamukelwe ukusetshenziswa emanzini okuphuzwayo ezindaweni eziningi zaseMelika.
Ingabe i-FDA ikhipha izitifiketi zamathangi?
Cha. I-FDA ayivumeli noma iqinisekisi imikhiqizo ephelile njengamathangi okugcina. Abakhiqizi bamemezela ukuhambisana nemithetho esebenzayo futhi bakusekela ngokuhlola; izinhlangano zangaphandle ezifana ne-NSF zinikeza isitifiketi.
Yini i-NSF/ANSI 61?
Yisilinganiso saseMelika sezingxenye zohlelo lwamanzi okuphuzwayo. Ihlola ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezingcolisayo ezingase ziphume emkhiqizweni zingene emanzini okuphuzwayo futhi ibeka imikhawulo esekelwe kwezempilo, ngokuhlolwa komkhiqizo kanye nokuhlolwa kwesikhungo kanye nokuqapha okuqhubekayo.
Yini i-NSF/ANSI 51?
Yilona zinga elisetshenziswa ezintweni ezisetshenziswa emishinini yokudla - umlingani wokucubungula ukudla we-NSF/ANSI 61. Yisitifiketi esivame ukudingwa abacubunguli bokudla emishinini nasezindaweni ezithintwayo.
Okubalulekile Okutholwayo
· I-FDA ingumlawuli obhala imithetho; i-NSF ingumqinisekisi ohlola imikhiqizo futhi ihlole amafekthri.
· I-FDA ayiziniki izitifiketi amathangi - lindela isitatimende sokuhambisana nomthetho oqanjwe ngegama kanye nedatha yokuhlola.
· I-NSF/ANSI 61 ilawula izingxenye zamanzi okuphuza; i-NSF/ANSI 51 ilawula izinto zokusebenza kokudla.
· Amaphrojekthi amanzi okuphuza adinga i-NSF/ANSI 61; ukucutshungulwa kokudla kudinga ukuhambisana ne-21 CFR 175.300 kanye ne-NSF/ANSI 51.
· Amaphrojekthi aseYurophu asebenza ngaphansi kwe-EU 1935/2004 kanti i-LFGB iyindlela yokuhlola evame ukucelwa.
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