Yimiphi Imikhawulo ye-pH kanye Nezinga Lokushisa Lamakhodi e-Epoxy Asetshenziswa Emathangini Okugcina
Kwadalwa ngo 09.09
Yini Imikhawulo ye-pH neTemperature Yezinto Zokumboza ze-Epoxy Ezisetshenziswa Emathangini Okugcina
Ama-coatings e-epoxy ahlanganiswe ngokushisa asetshenziswa emathangini okugcina izinto awimpushana efakwa ngogesi enamandla kagesi, encibilika futhi yome ibe ucingo oluqhubekayo, ngokuvamile olungu-180–280 µm ubukhulu, olubhekiswe ku-AWWA C550 futhi luhlolwe ngokufafazwa kukasawoti ngaphezu kwamahora angu-4000. Isembozo se-epoxy sibanzi: sibhekana nobubanzi be-asidi ne-alkali obungasususa upende wemvelo, futhi sizinzile kuzo zonke izinga lokushisa elizungezile kuya kweliphakathi nendawo elitholakala ekugcineni kwamanzi namanzi angcolile. Engakubekezeleli ukusetshenziswa endaweni emanzi futhi akubekezeleli ukuphathwa njengopende endaweni. Ukutholwa kwama-holiday, ukulungiswa kwendawo nokulawulwa kokoma yikho okuguqula ikhemistri yempushana ibe yisikhathi sokusebenza.
Ungcweti wokulwa nokugqwala ocacisa ngokufakwa kwesembozo sethangi ekugcineni kufanele aphendule imibuzo emibili efanayo umnikazi ayibuzayo: ukuthi uketshezi lungaba ne-asidi noma i-alkaline engakanani, futhi lushisa kangakanani. Impendulo yokumboza nge-fusion-bonded epoxy ibanzi futhi ixolela, kodwa kuphela uma ukumboza kwafakwa ngendlela efanele efektri futhi kuphela uma ithimba lephrojekthi liqonda ukuthi i-fusion-bonded epoxy iyini futhi ayiyini. Yini imikhawulo ye-pH kanye nezinga lokushisa lezembozo ze-epoxy? Isigaba samakhemikhali sibanzi futhi siyaxolela, kuyilapho isigaba sokushisa sibanzi ngokufanayo ekusetshenzisweni kodwa sincane ekufakweni nasekuvuthweni, okuyindawo lapho ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwenzeka khona. Akusilo upende; iyimpushana encibilikayo futhi ivuthwe ibe ifilimu ebambelele ensimbi. Ukwehluleka okuningi kwezembozo emkhakheni kusukela ekunganakweni kwalowo mehluko — ipuleti elimbotshwe lagcinwa ngaphandle, ukulungiswa okufuthwe esikhundleni sokuhlanganiswa, i-holiday ethathwa njengesici sokuhlobisa esikhundleni sokuba yisiqalo sokugqwala.
Ukuthi i-epoxy ehlanganiswe ngokushisa iyini, nokuthi kungani iziphatha ngendlela ehlukile kunopende
Umehluko phakathi kwefilimu yempushana ehlanganisiwe kanye nefilimu ependwe unquma iphethini yokwehluleka yonke. I-coating ye-epoxy ehlanganiswe ngokuncibilika isetshenziswa njengempushana eyomile ngokufafaza nge-electrostatic endaweni yensimbi ehlanziwe, bese ishisiswa ukuze impushana incibilike, igeleze futhi iphole ibe yifilimu eqhubekayo; ibambelela esisekelweni ngokuthintana okuncibilikile nangokuxhumanisa kunokubambelela kwengqimba ewuketshezi. Yingakho le filimu ingu-180–280 µm ubukhulu kunokuba ibe ngu-100–200 µm wohlelo lukapende olujwayelekile, kungakho ingenayo isinyibilikisi ngokuyisisekelo, nokuthi kungakho isici esingahambisani kahle kufilimu siyiphutha elincane elingahlolwa kunokuba kube ukulahlekelwa okujwayelekile kokubambelela. Iziphushana ezimbili zibusa imakethe yamathangi amanzi: i-Resicoat R4-ES ne-INTERPON D2015, zombili zisetshenziswa kulolo bubanzi bogqinsi futhi zombili zibhekisela ku-AWWA C550 emsebenzini.
Isikhwama se-pH
Nge-pH, i-epoxy ingenye yezinto zokumboza ezikhona ezinesibonakaliso esibanzi kakhulu emathangini ensimbi. Ifilimu ye-epoxy ehlanganisiwe futhi eyomile imelana nobubanzi obuphelele be-asidi kuya ku-alkali obukhona emifudlaneni ejwayelekile yezinqubo namanzi, kanti i-resin ihlala ingashintshile kusukela ku-pH 1 kuya ku-14, okuhlanganisa amanzi angcolile e-asidi ezimbonini, amanzi asemafini okuhlanza ngamakhemikhali asele, kanye nemifudlana enamandla e-alkali ye-caustic noma ene-lime. Empeleni umkhawulo awuyona i-pH yobuningi kodwa inhlanganisela ye-pH, izinga lokushisa kanye namakhemikhali anolaka endaweni: umfudlana we-asidi oshisayo unolaka kakhulu kunomfudlana obandayo ku-pH efanayo, kanti umfudlana oqukethe ama-biocide e-oxidising noma i-chloride ephezulu ku-pH eyedlulele uhlasela ifilimu ngokushesha kunalokho okushiwo yinombolo ye-pH iyodwa. Yingakho amaphrojekthi amaningi ekhetha i-enamel noma i-epoxy ekuqaleni — umbozo we-enamel ohlanganiswe ku-820–930 °C uthwala umkhawulo ofanayo we-pH 1–14 ngaphakathi kwendlela ehlukile, eqinile kakhulu.
Yini Imikhawulo ye-pH neTemperature Yezinto Zokumboza ze-Epoxy emsebenzini
Izinga lokushisa liyinombolo eshiwo ngokungalungile, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukunemba. I-epoxy evuthiwe izinzile ekusebenzeni emazingeni okushisa asendaweni ezindaweni zethangi lamanzi noma lamanzi angcolile futhi iyaqhubeka nokusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphakeme ngokulingene ahambisana namanzi asetshenziswayo ashisayo, amanzi angcolile afudumele kanye nezigaba zebhayoloji ze-mesophilic; i-coating ayithambisi noma ayikhambi kulawo mazinga okushisa ngoba ifilimu isivele ixhunyiwe ngokuvuthwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Umkhawulo obalulekile useceleni lokusetshenziswa: i-powder kufanele ishisiswe ingene ebangeni layo lokugeleza nokuvuthwa futhi ipuleti kufanele lifinyelele lelo zinga lokushisa ngokulinganayo, ngakho-ke ukucaciswa kwe-coating kuyinto yokulawula inqubo yasefektri futhi ipuleti eliphume emugqeni libanda liyiphutha kungakhathalekile isilinganiso esimisiwe se-powder. Ukulungiswa kwensimu kulandela umqondo ofanayo — ukulungisa kufanele kuhlanganishwe noma kuthintwe ukushisa esikhundleni sokufafazwa, ngoba isiqephu sokufafaza siyiqephu likapende elihlezi eduze kwefilimu ehlanganisiwe.
Ukutholwa kwamaholide, ukuhlolwa nokulungiswa
I-coating system isebenza kahle kuphela uma iholiday check yayo yenziwe ngendlela efanele. Iphaneli ngayinye eqoshiwe kufanele ihlolwe nge-spark test ukuthola ama-holiday ngaphambi kokuba ihlanganiswe, bese ithangi elihlanganisiwe lizibonakalisa ekuvivinyweni kwezinga lamanzi, ngoba iholiday esifilimini esigqitshiwe noma esicwiliswe yilapho ukuqala khona ukugqwala kwendawo ethile futhi akubonakali ngaphakathi. Uhlelo olusebenzayo iholiday check yamaphaneli ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa, ukuhlolwa kwe-bolt torque ne-gasket emajoyintini, ukuvivinywa kwamanzi ethangini eliqediwe, kanye nokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi okuhleliwe kwe-coating kuma-nozzle, ama-manway namaphoyinti okusekela. Ukulungiswa kulezo zindawo zokungena kuvamile; uma kuphathwa njenge-fused patch noma ukulungiswa kwe-mechanical okulungiselelwe kahle ngesikhathi sokuphuma kuhlala isikhathi eside, kodwa uma kuphathwa njenge-brush patch kuba yinkinga elandelayo.
Ukucaciswa Kobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Uhlobo lokumboza | I-epoxy powder ehlanganiswe ngokushisa | Ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrostatic, ifilimu eqinisiwe |
Ama-powder asetshenzisiwe | I-Resicoat R4-ES / INTERPON D2015 | Ama-powder okusebenza ethangini lamanzi |
Ubukhulu befilimu | 180–280 µm | Kusetshenziswe kufilimu eyodwa eqinisiwe |
Inkomba ejwayelekile | AWWA C550 | Uhlelo lokumboza lwensizakalo yamanzi |
Ukusebenza kwe-salt spray | > 4000 h | Ubufakazi bokumelana nokugqwala |
Ukumelana ne-pH | 1–14 | Insizakalo ye-asidi ne-alkaline |
Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza | Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo | Izinzile emanzini nasekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi angcolile |
Isimo sokusetshenziswa | Insimbi eyomile, ehlanziwe, ukuhamba kokuncibilika nokuphulukiswa | Ukulawulwa kwenqubo yasefekthri |
Ukuhlolwa kwe-holiday | Ukuhlolwa kwe-spark kumaphaneli anekhodi | Ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa nasesikhathini sokuhlolwa kwamanzi |
Enye indlela yokufaka | I-enamel encibilikiswe ku-820–930 °C, 0.25–0.45 mm | pH 1–14, Ra < 0.8 µm |
Ukukhetha i-epoxy noma i-enamel noma i-stainless steel yethangi
Umbuzo wezinto zokumboza uvame ukuxazululeka uma ikhemistri kanye necebo lokulungisa kukuhlangothi zombili. I-epoxy ehlanganiswe ngokuncibilika iyisinqumo esiqinile emanzini ezimbonini anolaka, izindawo zasogwini, imisebenzi ehlukahlukayo ene-asidi noma i-alkaline kanye namaphrojekthi lapho ukulungiswa kokumboza ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kungcono kakhulu kunokushintsha iphaneli; isetshenziswa ku-180–280 µm ngesifutho sikasawoti esingaphezu kwamahora angu-4000 njengobufakazi. I-enamel yengilazi ehlanganiswe nensimbi iyisinqumo lapho umnikazi efuna ungqimba lwengilazi oluhlanganisiwe olungu-0.25–0.45 mm ubukhulu, oluhlolwa nge-spark ku-1500 V DC, olubushelelezi ku-Ra engaphansi kwe-0.8 µm futhi olulinganiselwe iminyaka engu-30 nangaphezulu, kanti iphaneli ingashintshwa kunokuba ilungiswe. I-stainless 316L iyisinqumo lapho ama-chloride ephakeme ngokwanele ukuhlasela izinto zokumboza, futhi ibiza izikhathi eziningana umthangi ojijiwe. Umthangi osemoyeni kuzo zonke lezi zimo akufanele neze ukhonjiswe njengomkhumbi wengcindezi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi ukumboza.
Icala Lomsebenzi
Umsebenzi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Amathangi e-epoxy ahlanganisiwe ezemithi | I-Hebei, e-China | Amathangi e-epoxy ahlanganisiwe ngokushisa | 32,363 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokugadwa kokwakhiwa |
Amathangi e-epoxy yamakhemikhali, amayunithi angu-11 | I-Guangxi, e-China | Amathangi e-epoxy ahlanganisiwe ngokushisa | 4,771 m³ isiyonke | ukuhlinzeka nokugadwa kokwakhiwa |
Ithangi elikhulu lamanzi angcolile amakhemikhali elinobubanzi obukhulu | I-Zhejiang, e-China | Ithangi le-GFS | 11,613 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokugadwa kokwakhiwa |
Amandla Okwakha E-Center Enamel
UCenter Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina anezibophezelo kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingama-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe umthamo wokukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukuklama kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Kumaphrojekthi ane-epoxy-lined, lawo mandla afaka phakathi ukukhethwa kwe-powder, ukulawulwa kobukhulu befilimu, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-holiday kanye nenqubo yokulungisa yasensimini emifantwini nasezindaweni zokungena zamanzi, ngakho-ke ukumboza kuwuhlelo olubhalisiwe hhayi into elula.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q1: Yiluphi uhla lwe-pH ithangi le-fusion-bonded epoxy elikwazi ukulibhekela?
A1: Ifilimu ye-epoxy eqinisiwe imelana nebanga le-pH elingu-1 kuya ku-14, elihlanganisa imfucuza yezimboni ene-asidi kanye nemifudlana yokulinganisa ene-alkaline eqinile. Phatha inhlanganisela ye-pH kanye nezinga lokushisa njengomngcele wangempela: i-pH efanayo inolaka kakhulu ezingeni lokushisa eliphakeme nasekubeni khona kwama-biocide okushisa noma i-chloride ephezulu.
Q2: I-epoxy iyeka ukusebenza ezingeni lokushisa elingakanani?
A2: Ifilimu eqinisiwe izinzile ezingeni lokushisa elijwayelekile neliphakeme ngokulingene elijwayelekile ekugcinweni kwamanzi kanye namanzi angcolile, kuhlanganise namanzi asetshenziswayo afudumele kanye nensizakalo yezinto eziphilayo ye-mesophilic ku-35–38 °C. Umkhawulo wokushisa ofanele ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinga lokushisa lokuqinisa efektri, hhayi izinga lokushisa lokusebenza.
Q3: I-epoxy ehlanganiswe ngokuncibilika ihluke kanjani kupende?
A3: I-epoxy powder isetshenziswa nge-electrostatic futhi incibilika ekushiseni ibe ifilimu eqhubekayo engu-180–280 µm ebambelela ensimbi ngokuncibilika nokuxhumana, kuyilapho upende kuwungqimba oluketshezi olomayo futhi oluncike ekunamatheleni. Yingakho i-epoxy ingenayo i-solvent, ijiyile ngokwengqimba ngayinye futhi ihlolwa nge-holiday detection hhayi ngokubukeka kwamehlo.
Q4: Ifilimu ye-epoxy kufanele ibe ngqimba olungakanani?
A4: Ibanga lethangi lamanzi lingu-180–280 µm. Ngaphansi kwaleli banga ifilimu isengozini enkulu yezimbobo ezincane kanye nokulimala komshini ngesikhathi sokuphatha, futhi ngaphezu kwalo ifilimu esetshenzisiwe isengozini enkulu yezinkinga zokusetshenziswa, ngakho-ke incazelo kufanele iveze ukujiya okuqondiwe kanye nendlela yokuhlola.
Q5: Ingabe i-epoxy coating elimale ingalungiswa endaweni?
A5: Yebo, ngesikhathi sokumiswa okuhleliwe, futhi kufanele kulungiswe ngendlela ehlanganisiwe noma efudunyezwe kahle kunokugcoba upende phezu kwesici. Ukulungiswa ezindaweni zokungena ze-nozzle ne-manway kulindelekile futhi kujwayelekile, futhi indawo kufanele iqoshwe kumlogi wokuhlola wethangi.
Q6: Ngingakhetha nini i-enamel esikhundleni se-epoxy?
A6: Lapho umnikazi efuna ungqimba lwengilazi oluhlanganiswe ku-820–930 °C, isikhathi sokusebenza esilinganiselwe seminyaka engama-30 nangaphezulu, indawo ebushelelezi ye-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm namaphaneli ashintshekayo, noma lapho umsebenzi uhlanganisa ikhemistri eyedlulele nokuphathwa kwemishini. I-epoxy ihlala iyimpendulo engcono lapho ukulungiswa kwekhodi kusebenza kangcono kunokushintsha iphaneli.
Imikhawulo ye-pH kanye nezinga lokushisa lezinto zokumboza nge-epoxy zikhulu — umkhawulo we-pH ongu-1–14 kanye nokusebenza okuzinzile kusukela endaweni ezungezile kuya phezulu kumazinga okushisa aphakathi nendawo wamanzi kanye namanzi angcolile — kodwa ifilimu isebenza kahle kuphela uma isetshenziswa njengempushana encibilikisiwe ku-180–280 µm, ihlolwe i-holiday ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa, futhi ilungiswe njengohlelo oluncibilikisiwe hhayi ngokuxubha. Lapho umnikazi efuna enye indlela yokusebenza, i-enamel lining encibilikiswa ku-820–930 °C inikeza umkhawulo we-pH ofanayo ngaphakathi kwengqimba yengilazi. Thumela imininingwane yamakhemikhali, izinga lokushisa kanye nokulindelwe ukulungiswa futhi sizobuyisela incazelo yokumboza enokuhlolwa kwe-holiday kanye nobubanzi bokulungiswa.
Khuluma nonjiniyela
Thumela ibanga le-pH ye-liquid kanye nezinga lokushisa, okuqukethwe kwe-chloride ne-biocide, ibhendi yezinga lokusebenza, ukuthi kuhlelwe yini ukungena ethangini ukuze kulungiswe, kanye nezinga elisebenzayo. Sizobuyisela isincomo se-coating noma i-enamel lining enobukhulu befilimu, indlela yokuhlola i-holiday, inqubo yokulungisa kanye nohlelo lokuhlola lwefayela lakho.
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