Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha Ithangi Lamanzi Angcolile- Izinto Zokwakha, Izinto Zokumboza kanye Nokucaciswa
Kwadalwa ngo 06.14
Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha Ithangi Lamanzi Angcolile- Izinto, Izinto Zokumboza kanye Nokucaciswa
Ukukhetha ithangi lamanzi angcolile kuqala ngokwakheka kwamakhemikhali amanzi nomsebenzi wokugcina, bese kuba yinto yokwakha ithangi. Insimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi imelana nobubanzi be-pH 1–14 yamanzi angcolile ahlanganisiwe futhi ihlanganiswa ngamaphaneli aboshiwe, kuyilapho i-epoxy ilungele ezinye izinsizakalo zamakhemikhali, insimbi engagqwali igcinelwe umsebenzi wokuhlanzeka okuphezulu noma we-chloride ephezulu, futhi insimbi eweldediwe ilungele umthamo omkhulu ongaguquki. Fanisa i-coating ne-pH yangempela, izinto eziqinile, kanye nezinga lokushisa, futhi ithangi lizodlula iphrojekthi esikhundleni sokuhluleka phakathi nezinkathi ezimbalwa.
Isingeniso
Abakhethi ngokuvamile basebenzisa into ababeyisebenzisa ngaphambili, bese bethola ukuthi umfudlana omusha unokugqwala okukhulu, uyaguquguquka, noma mkhulu kunowodala. Ithangi lamanzi angcolile liyimpahla ehlala isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke isinqumo sokukhetha sikhula ngokuhamba kweminyaka yokusebenza. Indlela ethembekile iwukuqala ngamanzi angcolile ngokwawo—ububanzi bawo be-pH, izinga lokushisa, izinto ezihuzayo, namagesi—bese kuba kuphela lapho kukalwa khona ubuchwepheshe obune bezinto zokwakha ezijwayelekile ngokumelene nezindleko zomjikelezo wempilo kanye nemikhawulo yesiza.
Qala Ngomsebenzi, Hhayi Ngempahla
Umbuzo wokuqala ukuthi ithangi kufanele limelane nani, hhayi ukuthi lenziwe ngaluphi uhlobo lwempahla. Isitsha sokulinganisa sikamasipala esingathathi hlangothi kanye nokukhishwa kwamakhemikhali okushintshashintshayo kwe-pH kuyizinkinga ezihlukene. Bhala phansi ibanga le-pH elilindelekile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, izinto eziqinile ezilengayo, kanye nomthwalo we-sulfate noma we-chloride ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa amagobolondo.
Isikhathi sokugcina sinquma umthamo, futhi umthamo unquma indawo edingekayo. Ukulinganisa kungase kudinga amahora ambalwa okugcina kuphela; ukugaya kwe-anaerobic kudinga izinsuku. Qinisekisa isinyathelo senqubo kuqala, ngoba sinquma kokubili usayizi kanye nezinsiza zangaphakathi (abaxubi, ama-diffuser, ama-membrane) okufanele igobolondo lizisekele.
Ukuqhathanisa Amagobolondo Amane Ajwayelekile
I-Glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) ishisa i-enamel phezu kwensimbi ku-820–930 °C. Ungqimba lwengilazi olungu-0.25–0.45 mm luba yingxenye yesisekelo, lukalwa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm², ne-Ra < 0.8 µm kanye nokubekezelela i-pH okungu-1–14. Kuyisisekelo samanzi angcolile ahlanganisiwe kamasipala kanye nezimboni lapho ukhemikhali kungalindelekile.
I-Fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) iyipowuda yokumboza elashwa ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu. Ku-180–280 µm kanye namahora angaphezu kuka-4000 okufafazwa ngosawoti, isebenza emathangini amaningi amakhemikhali kanye namathangi okusebenza kanzima lapho kuthandwa khona ifilimu ephilayo ejulile kunengilazi.
Insimbi engagqwali (304 / 316L) iyinketho yokuhlanzeka okuphezulu. Igcinelwe imifudlana yokudla, yezemithi, noma ene-chloride ephezulu lapho ngisho ne-iron encane ingamukeleki, ibiza izikhathi eziningana kune-GFS futhi icaciswa kuphela lapho umsebenzi ukudinga.
Insimbi ye-carbon steel ewelidiwe iqinile futhi isindayo. Ihle kakhulu emachibini amakhulu kakhulu omthamo owodwa ezindaweni ezingunaphakade, idinga ukushisela endaweni, ukumboza, nokuhlola, ngokuguquguquka okuncane kokunweba kamuva kunezimo eziboshiwe.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokukhetha Olusebenzayo
Qinisekisa ukumboza ngokumelene neviki elibi kakhulu, hhayi usuku olujwayelekile. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-effluent kuyaphakama ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, ukuqala, noma ukukhishwa kwe-batch; i-lining kufanele ikwazi ukumelana nesiqongo, hhayi nje isilinganiso.
Qinisekisa amazinga nezitifiketi kusenesikhathi. I-AWWA D103-09 ne-ISO 28765 zilawula ukwakhiwa kwamathangi ensimbi aboshiwe; i-NSF/ANSI 61 ne-WRAS zibalulekile lapho i-lining ingathinta amanzi okuphuza noma amanzi enqubo. Zicaphune esicacisweni ukuze abahlinzeki bacaphune ngendlela efanayo.
Uhlelo lokufinyelela, ukuxuba, nophahla. Ithangi lamanzi angcolile alivamisile ukuhlala lingenalutho—lidinga izindlela zokungena, iziphimbo zokuxuba noma zokusabalalisa, nophahla olulawula iphunga futhi, kuma-digester, lubambe igesi. Amathangi e-GFS aboshiwe amukela lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo njengengxenye yokwakheka kwamaphaneli.
Ukucaciswa Kobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | GFS | I-FBE Epoxy | I-Stainless 304/316L | Insimbi Eshiselwe |
Ukumboza / into | 0.25–0.45 mm uqwembe olushisiwe | 180–280 µm ipowuda | ingxubevange eqinile | kupendwe / kufakwe |
Ukubekezelela i-pH | 1–14 | banzi (ngokwezinga) | ngengxubevange ngayinye | ngokokumboza |
Ukuhlanganisa | amaphaneli aboshiwe ~1.2 m | isembozo sasekhemisini noma sasensimini | ashiselwe / aboshiwe | ashiselwe |
Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile | udoti oxubile | umsebenzi wamakhemikhali | okuphezulu kakhulu / i-chloride | ivolumu enkulu engaguquki |
Ukunwetshwa | engeza amaphaneli / parallel | kukhawulelwe | kukhawulelwe | nzima |
Ukucacisa Ngezinto Zamakhemikhali Nezimboni Ezikhipha Amanzi Angcolile
Lapho umfudlana unolaka, isicaciso kufanele sisho ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-lining, i-voltage yokuhlola i-holiday (i-1500 V DC ijwayelekile kumaphaneli e-GFS), kanye nesikhathi sokuhlola. Amabhawudi anezinga le-8.8 anama-gasket e-EPDM, futhi isisekelo siyindandatho kakhonkolo noma i-slab elinganiswe ngesisindo esigcwalisiwe. Ukufaka lokhu kuphakheji yebhidi kuvimbela isicupho sentengo ephansi, yokugqoka okungalungile.
Icala Lephrojekthi
Iphrojekthi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Amanzi angcolile kanye/noma ezimboni | I-Zhejiang, e-China | Amathangi aboshiwe e-GFS | 11,613 m³ kumathangi angu-2 | ukuhlinzekwa kwamathangi angu-2 ane-enamel (φ24.45×19.8 m ×1, φ12.22×19.8 m ×1) okuthuthukiswa kwezimboni |
Inothi lesithenjwa | — | GFS | — | ububanzi nokuphakama ngokwerekhodi yephrojekthi; umthamo wethangi elilodwa awubhalwanga ngokwehlukile |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela Be-Center Enamel
UCenter Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina anezibophezelo kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe umthamo wokukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, i-WRAS, i-FDA, i-LFGB, i-CE (EN 1090), i-ISO 28765, i-FM, i-BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukuklama kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Kwezimboni kanye namanzi angcolile amakhemikhali, lokhu kusho ukuthi ithangi lamanzi angcolile lingacaciswa lisuselwa kusisekelo esiqinisekisiwe sokumboza ngoqwembe, kanti imininingwane yokufaka, iphaneli, kanye nezinsiza kuqinisekiswa ngokuhambisana namakhemikhali wamanzi angempela esikhundleni sokukhetha okuzenzakalelayo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Iyiphi into engcono kakhulu yethangi lamanzi angcolile?
A1: Akukho okukodwa okungcono kunakho konke. I-GFS ihambisana namanzi angcolile kamasipala nezentengiselwano ahlanganisiwe; i-epoxy ifaneleka emisebenzini ethile yamakhemikhali; insimbi engagqwali yeyokusetshenziswa okuhlanzekile kakhulu noma okune-chloride; insimbi ewelidiwe yeyomthamo omkhulu ongashintshi. Khetha ngokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila.
Q2: Ingabe i-GFS ingcono kune-welded steel ependiwe?
A2: Emanzini angcolile alimazayo, yebo ezimweni eziningi—i-enamel evuthiwe iyingxenye yensimbi futhi imelana nokushintsha kwe-pH okugcina kwehluleka upende, futhi amaphaneli aboshiwe agwema ukuhlolwa kwe-weld endaweni.
Q3: Ithangi le-GFS lingabhekana nayiphi i-pH?
A3: I-enamel evuthiwe ibekezelela i-pH 1–14, okuhlanganisa ububanzi be-asidi kuya kwe-alkaline obujwayelekile emanzini angcolile angempela kangcono kakhulu kunezinto zokumboza ezijwayelekile.
Q4: Ngisicacisa kanjani isembozo enthendeni?
A4: Shono ukwakheka kokumboza, i-voltage yokuhlola i-holiday (1500 V DC ye-GFS), izindinganiso (AWWA D103-09, ISO 28765), kanye nesikhathi sokuhlolwa ukuze bonke abahlinzeki bacaphune ngokwemfuneko efanayo.
Umbuzo 5: Ingabe ithangi elikhethiwe lingandiswa kamuva?
Impendulo 5: Amathangi e-GFS aboshiwe angaphakanyiswa noma adidiyelwe namaphaneli ajwayelekile, okusiza izitshalo ezikhula ngezigaba; amathangi ashiselwe kunzima kakhulu ukuwanweba.
Umbuzo 6: Ingabe ngidinga i-NSF/ANSI 61 yomsebenzi wokukhipha udoti?
Impendulo 6: Kuphela lapho isembozo singathinta amanzi aphuzwayo noma amanzi enqubo. Ngodoti omsulwa, ukumelana nokugqwala kuqondisa ukukhetha, kodwa ukucaphuna izinga kusenesikhathi kugwema ukwenziwa kabusha uma umsebenzi ushintsha.
Umbuzo 7: Yisiphi isisekelo esidingwa ithangi eliboshiwe?
Impendulo 7: Indandatho kakhonkolo noma uqwembe olulinganiswe nesisindo esigcwele namabhawodi okubopha, nokuzinza okulawulwayo ukuze igobolondo eliboshiwe lihlale liqondile.
Ithangi lamanzi angcolile kufanele likhethwe ngokusho kwekhemistri ye-effluent kanye nomsebenzi wokugcina, hhayi ngomkhuba. I-GFS, i-epoxy, i-stainless, ne-welded ngayinye ithola indawo yayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, futhi i-coating—hhayi insimbi yegobolondo—imvamisa inquma impilo yensizakalo. Bhala i-pH embi kakhulu kanye namazinga afanele emkhathini wokucacisa, futhi ithangi lizosebenza impilo yalo yonke yokuklama.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela i-Center Enamel iphrofayili yakho ye-effluent—ububanzi be-pH, izinga lokushisa, okuqinile, kanye nomgomo wokugcina—kanye nesinyathelo senqubo esihlosiwe. Ithimba lingabuyisela incazelo yethangi lamanzi angcolile ene-coating efanele, ukuhlelwa kwamaphaneli, kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo zendawo yakho.
WhatsApp