Ukuqhathaniswa Kwendlela Yokwakha Yethangi Lamanzi Lensimbi Eliboshelwe Ngamabhawudi Nelelishiselwe
Kwadalwa ngo 09.04
Ukuqhathanisa Kwendlela Yokwakha Yamathangi Amanzi Ensimbi Aboshiwe Nalashiselwe
Ithangi lamanzi lensimbi eliboshwe ngamabhawodi uma liqhathaniswa nelishishelwe luyisinqumo phakathi kwezindlela ezimbili zokuletha umsebenzi ofanayo. Ithangi eliboshwe ngamabhawodi lifika njengamaphaneli enziwe efektri, lihlanganiswa endaweni ngamajoyinti anamagasketi anamafuleji namabhawodi ezinga lika-8.8, futhi lingandiswa kamuva ngokwengeza amaphaneli noma ukuphakama; ithangi elishishelwe lakhiwa ngamashidi agingqiwayo anemicu eqhubekayo, lihlolwe ngokuhlola nge-radiographic noma nge-penetrant, futhi linikeza umgoqo wogobolondo oqinile kakhulu. Emithanjeni emikhulu yamanzi yezicishamlilo zokuzithandela kanye namanzi kamasipala, indlela eboshwe ngamabhawodi ivamise ukunqoba ngezindleko kanye nohlelo; emisebenzini emincane evaliwe noma ehlanzekile kakhulu, indlela eshishelwe inqoba ngokuqhubeka komgoqo.
Umphathi wezinsiza ezisetshenziswayo omi phambi kwencazelo yethangi lamanzi elingama-5,000 m³ ngokuvamile unamadokhumenti amathathu etafuleni: imfuneko yomthamo, inombolo yesabelomali kanye nosuku lokuthunyelwa emsebenzini. Umbuzo wokuthi kusetshenziswe amabhawodi noma ukushisela uvela ocwaningweni lokuqala lokuthenga futhi awusoze waphela ngempela kuphrojekthi, ngoba impendulo ihambisana nokuklanywa kwesisekelo, ububanzi bokumboza, uhlelo lokuhlola kanye nokuthi ingabe impahla ingakhuliswa yini eminyakeni emihlanu. Zombili izindlela zikhiqiza ithangi lamanzi lensimbi eligcina amanzi ngengcindezi yomkhathi; okuhlukile ukuthi umsebenzi wenzeka kuphi, ukuthi uqweqwe lwangaphandle luvikelwa kanjani kanye nokuthi ithangi liziphatha kanjani ngosuku okufanele kushintshwe ngalo iphaneli.
Amaphaneli alungiswe efektri uma kuqhathaniswa nokushiselwa ensimini: kulapho umsebenzi wenzeka khona
Umehluko omkhulu owodwa phakathi kwethangi lamanzi lensimbi eliboshiwe nelishishelwe ukuthi indlela eboshiwe isusa ukushisela endaweni yokwakha ikuyise esitolo esilawulwayo. Ithangi eliboshiwe lenziwa ngamaphaneli ensimbi afakwe i-enamel noma aboshiwe acishe abe ngu-1.2 m ububanzi, alethwa endaweni yokwakha njengamaphakethe ayisicaba, futhi aboshwa phezu kwesisekelo sombuthano kakhonkolo ngama-gasket e-EPDM emihlangwini enamafulegi. Umsebenzi wasendaweni ukuhlanganisa ngokulawula i-torque, ukuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC kumaphaneli e-enamel nokuhlolwa kwamaso emibhosho, okusho ukuthi indawo yokwakha emanzi, isizini ebandayo noma indawo encane yokubeka izinto endaweni yokwakha akukuvimbi uhlelo. Ithangi elishishelwe lishiselwa endaweni yokwakha noma esitolo lisuka kuphulethi egotshiwe; wonke umthungo ophethe amanzi uwumthungo oqhubekayo futhi imithungo ebalulekile ihlolwa ngendlela okuvunyelwene ngayo enkontilekeni, ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kwe-radiographic noma kwe-penetrant. Amakholi okushisela asendaweni yokwakha abiza kakhulu nge-intshi ngayinye yomthungo futhi azwela kakhulu esimweni sezulu, yingakho amathangi ashishelwe evamise ukuba mancane noma enziwe esitolo futhi athuthwe njengezingxenye.
Ukuvikelwa kokugqwala: i-enamel, i-epoxy ehlanganiswe ngokushisa kanye ne-galvanising
Iqhinga lokulwa nokugqwala liyona nto ehlukanisa lezi zindlela ezimbili uma ugobolondo seluphezulu. Ithangi le-GFS eliboshwe ngamabhawudi liphethe ungqimba lwe-glass-enamel olushiswe ku-820–930 °C phezu kwensimbi, olugqinsi olungu-0.25–0.45 mm, olulinganiselwe ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm², luhlolwe nge-spark ku-1500 V DC futhi lucaciswe nge-pH 1–14 nesikhathi sokusebenza seminyaka engu-30 nangaphezulu; i-enamel ayisebenzi, ngakho amanzi awakaze abone insimbi engenalutho futhi ingaphakathi ayidingi ukuphindwa ngopende amashumi eminyaka. Ithangi le-fusion-bonded epoxy lifaka i-powder ku-180–280 µm elashwa ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu, okubhekiselwa ku-AWWA C550, ngokusebenza kwe-salt spray ngaphezu kwamahora angu-4000, okufanele amanzi ezimboni anolaka. I-hot-dip galvanising ngokwe-GB/T 13912-2020 iyindlela yesithathu, ilungele amanzi ahlanzekile nemithamo emincane. Ithangi le-welded carbon steel ngokuvamile lincike ohlelweni lwe-coating olusetshenziswa endaweni kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-cathodic, okusho imijikelezo yokuphinda upende kanye nohlelo lokuhlola i-coating isikhathi sokuphila kwempahla.
Izindleko, isheduli kanye nombuzo wokwandiswa
Izindleko zokuphila komkhiqizo, hhayi isisindo sensimbi, yizona ezinquma ukuqhathanisa. Amaphaneli ethangi eliboshiwe akhiqizwa efektri ekhiqiza cishe amapulati ensimbi e-300,000 afakwe i-enamel ngonyaka, ngakho izindleko ezincane zethangi lamashumi amabili ohlelweni ziphansi futhi ukulethwa kungabikezelwa. Igobolondo eliboshiwe futhi linikeza umnikazi indlela yokwandisa amandla okugcina izinto amathangi ashukuthisiwe angenakukwazi ukuyifinyelela: amaphaneli engeziwe angangezwa, ithangi lingaphakanyiswa ngamakhosiho elilodwa noma amabili, noma ithangi lesibili lingafakwa eduze ukuze kufinyelelwe isitoreji esidingekayo, ngoba uhlelo lokuxhumanisa selukhona. Ithangi elishukuthisiwe alikwazi ukukhuliswa ngendlela enengqondo; lapho umthamo ukhula, impendulo evamile ithangi elisha eduze kwelidala.
Imininingwane Yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Ithangi le-GFS eliboshiwe | Ithangi lensimbi yekhabhoni elishiseliwe |
Iphaneli noma ipuleti | Insimbi ehlotshiswe nge-enamel noma ehlotshisiwe, ~1.2 m ububanzi | Ipuleti lensimbi yekhabhoni eligoqiwe |
Ukuhlanganisa / ukuhlotshisa | I-enamel ishiswe ku-820–930 °C, 0.25–0.45 mm | I-FBE 180–280 µm kuya ku-AWWA C550, noma upende wasensimini |
Uhlobo lokuhlanganisa | Ijoyinti elineflange eline-EPDM gasket, amabhawudi ezinga le-8.8 | Continuous fillet and butt weld |
Indlela yokuhlola ukuvuza | Ukuhlolwa kwe-spark kwe-1500 V DC kumaphaneli e-enamel | Ukuhlolwa kwemithungo ngokwesivumelwano, bese kuba ukuhlolwa kwamanzi |
Ukuqedwa kwendawo | Ra < 0.8 µm ngaphakathi | Njengoba kwenziwe noma kugcotshiwe, ngokuvamile kumahhadlahhadla |
Ububanzi be-pH | 1–14 | Kuncike ohlelweni lwe-lining noma i-coating |
Inketho yokwandisa | Engeza amaphaneli, phakamisa ukuphakama, engeza ithangi elihambisanayo | Kudingeka ithangi elisha |
Isikhathi sokuphila kokuklanywa | Iminyaka engama-30 nangaphezulu | Kuncike kumjikelezo we-coating |
Ukusebenzisa ukukhetha emisebenzini yangempela yokugcina amanzi
Fanisa umzila nomsebenzi oyisibopho kunomkhuba. Emthonjeni wamanzi aluhlaza wamasipala noma wezimboni omkhulu, umzila we-enamel oboshiwe ngokuvamile uyimpendulo efanele: umthamo mkhulu, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali amanzi kuyashintshashintsha, futhi iklayenti lifuna ithangi elingahlolwa, lilungiswe futhi linwetshwe ngaphandle kokuthi osebenza ngokugcoba abe sesizeni isonto lonke. Ethangini elincane lamanzi okuqeda umlilo noma isitsha samanzi acwebezelisiwe esisebenza kumjikelezo wethuluzi, umthamo mncane, ububanzi buncane, futhi ithangi lensimbi engagqwali noma yensimbi yekhabhoni elishiselwe lishibhile ukulakha njengeqephu elilodwa futhi kulula ukulihambisa. Lapho amanzi ephuzwayo, yomibili imizila ingahambisana; umehluko ubufakazi, ngemibhalo ye-NSF/ANSI 61 ne-WRAS yezindawo ezithinta amanzi kanye nesembozo esingeke sikhiphe into emanzini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Icala Leprojekthi
Iprojekthi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ithangi lamanzi aluhlaza elinobubanzi obukhulu | INamibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokuqondisa ukwakhiwa |
Isitoreji samanzi omlilo, amathangi amabili | ISichuan, eChina | Ithangi lamanzi omlilo le-GFS | 8,930 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokuqondisa ukwakhiwa |
Ithangi lamanzi okuphuza | I-Indonesia | Ithangi lamanzi okuphuza le-GFS | 21,099 m³ | ukuhlinzeka nokuqondisa ukwakhiwa |
Amandla Obunjiniyela Be-Center Enamel
UCenter Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina ancikisiwe kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka amathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingama-150,000 m² sengezwe ukukhulisa umthamo wokukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, i-WRAS, i-FDA, i-LFGB, i-CE (EN 1090), i-ISO 28765, i-FM, i-BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukwakhiwa kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Leyo nhlanganisela iyona eyenza indlela eboshiwe isebenze kahle emazingeni amakhulu: amaphaneli ahlanganiswe nge-enamel, amajoyinti aneflange ane-gasket kanye nokuqondiswa kokuboshwa okulethwa kusuka efemini eyodwa, kanti indlela yokushisela iyatholakala ngaphakathi lapho iphrojekthi idinga ngempela igobolondo elishiselwe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Iyiphi eshibhile kuthangi lamanzi angu-10,000 m³?
Impendulo 1: Kulelo zinga, ithangi le-enamel eliboshiwe ngokuvamile liyindlela eshibhile, ngoba amaphaneli akhiqizwa efemini, amahora asensimini awokuhlanganisa hhayi ukushisela, futhi ingaphakathi alingeni emjikelezweni wokupenda kabusha amashumi eminyaka. Indlela yokushisela incintisana kakhulu emazingeni amancane lapho igobolondo lephelethi elilodwa kulula ukulikhiqiza.
Umbuzo 2: Ingabe ithangi eliboshiwe lingabamba umfutho?
A2: Cha. Ithangi lensimbi elihlanganiswe ngengilazi ngamabhawudi iyithangi lokugcina elingaphansi kwengcindezi noma elisezingeni eliphansi. Isikhala segesi esingaphezu koketshezi ngokuvamile sisezingeni lomkhathi, futhi lapho kuqoqwa khona igesi ingcindezi igcinwa ebangeni lamakhilopaskali ambalwa ngomshini wokukhipha ingcindezi.
Umbuzo 3: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukufaka ithangi elihlanganiswe ngamabhawudi?
A3: Ithangi elikhulu elihlanganiswe ngamabhawudi ngokuvamile lihlanganiswa emasontweni ambalwa uma isisekelo siringi sesiphothuliwe, ngoba amaphaneli afika njengephakethe eliyisicaba futhi ithimba lifaka amabhawudi esikhundleni sokushisela. Ukuchayeka esimweni sezulu kukhawulelwe ekufakweni kwamabhawudi kanye nokuhlolwa kokuvuza kokugcina.
Umbuzo 4: Yisiphi isisekelo ithangi ngalinye elisidingayo?
A4: Kokubili kudinga indandatho eqinile kakhulu kakhulu noma isisekelo esicaba esilawulwayo. Ithangi eliboshwe ngamabhawodi likwazi ukubekezelela ukungalingani okuncane kokuhlala kahle kuneqokobhe elishiswelwe ngoba amalunga ane-gasket angaphinde aqiniswe, kodwa umehluko wokuhlala okuklanyelwe kusafanele ube ngaphakathi kokubekezelelana okuvunyelwene ngakho esicacisweni.
Q5: Ngingakwazi yini ukwengeza umthamo ethangini elikhona kamuva?
A5: Yebo ethangini eliboshwe ngamabhawodi. Amaphaneli engeziwe angafakwa, uqokobhe lungaphakanyiswa ngezendlalelo ezengeziwe zendandatho, noma ithangi elihambisanayo lingengezwa ukuze kufinyelelwe umthamo wokugcina odingekayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuhlelwa kwesisekelo esikhona.
Q6: Yiliphi ithangi okulula ukulilungisa ngemuva komonakalo?
A6: Ithangi eliboshwe ngamabhawodi, ngoba iphaneli elilodwa elilimele lingakhululwa liboshwe futhi lishintshwe ngesipele sasefekthri, kuyilapho ethangini elishiswelwe ukulungiswa kuwukushisela endaweni enomkhawulo wokuhlola ofanayo nowomthungo wokuqala.
Ezingxenyeni eziningi zamaphrojekthi amakhulu okugcina amanzi, indlela ye-enamel eboshelwe ngamabhawudi iyisixazululo sobunjiniyela esingcono: izindleko zokufaka eziphansi, uhlelo lwasensimini olufushane, ingaphakathi elingenakho ukusabela namakhemikhali, kanye nomkhondo wokwandiswa obhalisiwe. Indlela yokushisela ihlala iyisinqumo esifanele emisebenzini evaliwe, ehlanzekile kakhulu noma yevolumu encane lapho ukuqhubeka kwesikhumba kubaluleke kakhulu kunentengo yamahora asensimini. Isinqumo kufanele sithathwe ngokubhekisela kumthamo, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali amanzi kanye nempilo ehleliwe yempahla, hhayi ngokubhekisela ohlotsheni lwethangi usonkontileka akwenzayo. Thumela umthamo, izimo zesiza kanye nokuhlaziywa kwamanzi futhi sizobuyisela ukuqhathaniswa kwendlela kanye nokumbozwa kwekhodi, ukuhlangana kanye nobubanzi bokuhlola okubhaliwe.
Khuluma nonjiniyela
Yabelana ngevolumu yokugcina oyidingayo, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali emanzini, umoya wendawo nokulayishwa kweqhwa kanye nosuku lwakho ohlosile lokuqalisa ukusebenza. Sizokuthumelela isiqhathaniso esiboshiwe nesishiseliwe somsebenzi wakho, kanye nezidingo zephaneli, i-coating, i-gasket, isisekelo kanye nokuhlolwa kokwamukelwa okuyofakwa efayeleni lakho.
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