Izitsha Zensimbi Engagqwali ze-NSF/ANSI 61: Isiqondiso Sokuhambisana namanzi okuphuzwayo
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
I-NSF/ANSI 61 Amathangi Ensimbi Engagqwali: Umhlahlandlela Wokuhambisana Amanzi Aphuzwayo
Uma ucacisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi ezicelo zamanzi okuphuza (okungokwasemzini noma ezimbonini), ukuthobela imithetho kubaluleke kakhulu. I-NSF/ANSI 61 yiyona i-American National Standard echaza ukuphepha kwezinto ezithintana namanzi okuphuza. Amathangi ensimbi engagqwali abhekwa kabanzi njenge-"gold standard" kulesi sicelo. Ngokungafani nensimbi ye-carbon, edinga izendlalelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ukudlula izivivinyo zokuphepha, insimbi engagqwali esezingeni eliphezulu ayinayo imvelo, ayiboli—futhi lapho yenziwe kahle—iyathobela ngokuphelele i-NSF/ANSI 61 ngaphandle kwesidingo sezendlalelo zamakhemikhali ezengeziwe.
1. Iyini i-NSF/ANSI 61?
I-NSF/ANSI 61 iyindinganiso yokugcina elawula imiphumela yezempilo yezingxenye zesistimu yamanzi okuphuza.
● Isiqinisekiso: Sibeka izidingo ezingaphansi kakhulu zabantu abangahlanzekile abangena ngokuqondile emanzini okuphuza kusuka ezintweni, njengezinto zokugqoka, izinto zokubopha, kanye nensimbi eyisisekelo yethangi.
● Inqubo: Izingxenye zidlula ekuhlolweni okuqinile ngaphansi kwamazinga ahlukene e-pH namakhemistri amanzi ukulingisa amashumi eminyaka okuchayeka. Uma izinto ezingahlanzekile ezikhishiwe (isibonelo, amatshe asindayo) zidlula imikhawulo ye-Single Product Allowable Concentration (SPAC), into iyahluleka.
● Izinzuzo Zensimbi Engagqwali: Ngoba insimbi engagqwali iyinhlanganisela kunensimbi eyenziwe ngekhabhoni, ayinawo umgqomo "wokuguga" ongahlukana noma ukhishe i-VOCs, okwenza ukuthobela kube kuzinzile kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
2. Kungani Insimbi Engagqwali Iyathobela Ngokwemvelo
Ukuthobela kwensimbi engagqwalile kuncike kwingqimba yayo engabonakali, ingubo encane, engabonakali ye-chromium oxide eyakha ebusweni.
● Ukungathathi hlangothi Okungokwemvelo: Lapho kukhona umoya-mpilo, i-chromium ensimbini isabela ukudala umgoqo ovikelayo. Lokhu kuvimbela insimbi ensimbini ukuthi ingasabeli ngamanzi (ukugqwala).
● Izakhiwo Zokuziphulukisa: Uma ubuso buqhekeka, ungqimba lwe-chromium oxide luyakha kabusha ngokushesha lapho kukhona umoya-mpilo, lugcina umgoqo ongasebenzi.
● Akukho Ukuvuza: Ngoba ubuso buyinsimbi kunokuba kube ubuso obungokwemvelo (njenge-epoxy), akukho ingozi yezinto ezingokwemvelo ezivuzela emanzini, okuyinkinga ejwayelekile kwezinye izinhlobo zamathangi.
3. Ukukhetha Izinga Elilungile: 304 ngokumelene no-316
Akuzona zonke izinsimbi ezingagqwali ezifanayo. Ukugcina amanzi, ukukhetha izinga elifanele kubalulekile ekumeleni ukugqwala isikhathi eside kanye nokuhambisana.
Izinga | Ukwakheka | Okulunge Kakhulu |
304 Insimbi Engagqwali | 18% iChromium, 8% iNickel | Amanzi ajwayelekile kamasipala, izindawo ezinama-chloride aphansi. |
316 Ensini Engagqwalile | 16% Chromium, 10% Nickel, 2% Molybdenum | Izindawo ezisogwini, amanzi anesihlabathi/anomunyu, noma izicelo ezidinga ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu. |
● Kungani i-316? Ukwengezwa kwe-Molybdenum kunikeza ukumelana okungcono kakhulu nokugqwala okubangela izimbobo nokugqwala okungaphakathi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama omningi noma amanzi anolaka.
4. Izinyathelo Ezibalulekile Zobunjiniyela Zokufeza.
Ukuthenga nje "insimbi engagqwali" akukuqinisekisi ukuhambisana ne-NSF/ANSI 61. Inqubo yokukhiqiza kufanele igcine izici zempahla.
1. Ukudlula: Ngemuva kokukhiqizwa, ithangi kumele lihambe ngenqubo yokudlula amakhemikhali (ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-citric noma i-nitric acid). Lokhu kususa insimbi engaphezulu futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ungqimba lwe-chromium oxide lulungile ukuze lube nokumelana okukhulu nokugqwala.
2. Ubuqotho Bezindimbane: Izindimbane yizona zindawo ezisengozini kakhulu yokugqwala. Kumele zihlanzwe "umbala wokushisa" (ukugqwala okumnyama okubangelwa ukubaza) ngokugaya, ukukhipha, noma ukufaka ugesi ukuze kubuyiselwe ungqimba olucebile lwe-chromium.
3. Ukuqinisekiswa Kwesistimu Yonke: Qinisekisa ukuthi ama-gaskets, ama-sealant, namazipho asetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni nawo afakazelwe ngabanye ukuthi ahambisana ne-NSF/ANSI 61.
5. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Q: Ingabe amathangi ensimbi engagqwali adinga ukugcotshwa ukuze ahambisane ne-NSF 61?
A: Cha. Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zensimbi engagqwali ukuthi ayidingi i-liner yangaphakathi. Ihambisana nesimo sayo esingahluziwe (esiphasisiwe).
Q: Ingabe insimbi engagqwali ibiza kakhulu kune-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS)?
A: Ngokuvamile, yebo. Ngenkathi i-GFS ngokuvamile ingeyona ebiza kakhulu yokugcina izinto eziningi, insimbi engagqwali ikhethwa kakhulu ezitsheni ezincane kuya kweziphakathi, izicelo zamanzi ahlanzeke kakhulu, noma izindawo lapho kudingeka khona ukwakheka okunamandla kakhulu nokumelana nokugqwala.
Q: Ngingayigcina kanjani itshezi lensimbi engagqwali elihambisana ne-NSF 61?
A: Ukugcinwa kuncane kakhulu. Ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kususwe ukwakheka komgqomo nokuhlola ubuqotho bezimpawu kuyinto ejwayelekile. Gwema ukusebenzisa uboya bensimbi noma amabhulashi ensimbi yekhabhoni ukuhlanza, ngoba lokhu kungafaka insimbi ebusweni futhi kubangele "ukubona itiye" (ukugqwala okungaphezulu).
Onjiniyela nabaphathi bezindawo, ukuhambisana ne-NSF/ANSI 61 kuyisilinganiso esingenakushintshwa sezempilo yomphakathi. Amathangi ensimbi engagqwali ahlinzeka ngesisombululo esiqinile, esihlala isikhathi eside esigwema ubunzima bezingubo, ukudabuka, nokuvuza kwe-VOC. Ngokukhetha ibanga elifanele (304 noma 316) nokuqinisekisa izindlela ezifanele zokukhiqiza (i-passivation nokuhlanza izimbotshana), uvikela ingqalasizinda yakho yamanzi ekugqwaleni nasekungcoleni iminyaka eminingi.
Ngabe njengamanje ubhala imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe yephrojekthi yokugcina amanzi, noma ngabe wenza isheke lengqalasizinda ekhona yensimbi engagqwali? Ukwazi isigaba sephrojekthi yakho esithile kukusiza ngikunikeze ulimi olufanele lwezobuchwepheshe emibhalweni yakho yokuthenga.
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