Izitangi Zensimbi Ezigqitshwe Ngengilazi ze-NSF/ANSI 61: Umhlahlandlela Wokuqondanisa Amanzi Aphuzwayo
Kwadalwa ngo 06.17
Izitsha Zensimbi Ezingezwa Ingilazi Ngokwe-NSF/ANSI 61: Umhlahlandlela Wokuphumelela Amanzi okuphuzwayo
Uma ucacisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi ezicelo zamanzi okuphuza (okungamanzi okuphuza) ezidolobheni noma ezimbonini, ukuthobela imithetho akubuzwa. I-NSF/ANSI 61 yi-American National Standard enikeza imiyalelo yokuphepha kwezinto ezithintana namanzi okuphuza. Amathangi e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS)—avame ukubizwa ngokuthi "amathangi agqinswe ingilazi"—asebe yisilinganiso somhlaba wonke salo mgomo. Ngokuhlanganisa ngokwemvelo ingubo yengilazi-enamel ku-substrate yensimbi yesakhiwo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, amathangi e-GFS adala indawo engasebenzi, engenawo umoya, futhi engenamabala okuvuza ehlangabezana nezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zezempilo nokuphepha.
1. Yini i-NSF/ANSI 61?
I-NSF/ANSI 61 yiyona nkinga echaza imithetho ebhekene nemiphumela yezempilo yezingxenye zesistimu yamanzi okuphuzwayo.
● Isidingo: Ibeka izidingo ezincane zezinto ezithinta amanzi kanye nemikhiqizo engangena ngqo emanzini okuphuzwayo kusuka ezintweni ezifana nezimbozo, izendlalelo, izitembu, namagasketi.
● Inqubo: Izingxenye zihlolwa kusetshenziswa amanzi anolaka ukuze kulinganiswe ukuchayeka kwesikhathi eside. Uma izinto ezikhishiwe (isibonelo, amametali asindayo, imikhiqizo ye-organic evolatile) zidlula imingcele ye-Single Product Allowable Concentration (SPAC), le nto ayiphumeleli isitifiketi.
● Kubaluleke ngani: Ukusebenzisa izinto ezingaqinisekisiwe kungaletha izinto eziyingozi emanzini, okuholela ezijezisweni zomthetho, ezingozini empilweni yomphakathi, nasekuvalweni kwezinhlelo.
2. Ukuqonda "i-Glass-Lined" ngokumelene ne-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS)
Nakuba la magama avame ukusetshenziswa ngokufanayo, ochwepheshe bemboni nabanjiniyela bachaza i-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS) ngoba ichaza inqubo ethile yokukhiqiza esebenza kahle kakhulu.
● Inqubo: Amaphaneli ensimbi agqokiswa nge-glass-enamel frit bese evuthelwa kuhhavini emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-820°C no-930°C.
● Ubumbano: Ngokungafani nezingubo zokugcoba ezifana nezingilazi "ezifafazwa ngoketshezi" noma izigqoko ze-epoxy, lokhu kuhlanganiswa okushisayo kudala ubumbano lwamachweba kanye ne-molecular phakathi kwengilazi nensimbi.
● Umphumela: Ingilazi iba ingxenye ebalulekile yendawo yepuleti. Ayihlukani, ayiqhekeki, noma ayikhululi njengezingubo ze-epoxy zakudala, iqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi akaze axhumane nensimbi yekhabhoni engaphansi, ivimbela ukugqwala futhi ivimbela ukudonswa kwensimbi noma okunye ukungcola.
3. Ukuqhathaniswa kwezixazululo zokugcina amanzi okuphuzwayo
Ubuchwepheshe bokugcina | Ukuqinisekiswa kokuthobela (NSF 61) | Izidingo zokugcinwa | Impilo yokusebenza |
I-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS) | Kuhle Kakhulu (Kungenzi lutho) | Kuncane Kakhulu | 30–50+ Iminyaka |
Epoksi Elotshwe Ensambeni | Okuguquguqukayo (Ingozi yokuhoxa) | Kuphezulu (Kudingeka ukuphinda upende) | Iminyaka engu-20–30 |
Amathangi e-Concrete | Phakathi (Ingozi yokuba namagobolondo) | Phezulu (Ukuqhekeka/Ukuvuza) | Iminyaka engu-20–40 |
Amathangi Epulasitiki/Epoliyeni | Phansi (Ukulinganiselwa kokubeka izikali) | Phansi | Iminyaka engu-10–20 |
4. Izinto Ezibalulekile Zokuhambisana Nezidingo Zabanjiniyela
Ukucacisa ithangi eliqinisekiswe yi-NSF/ANSI 61 kudinga ukunakwa ku-"uhlelo lonke" kunokuba kube kumaphaneli ethangi kuphela. Amaphrojekthi amaningi ahluleka ukuhlolwa ngoba izingxenye ezizungezile zazishayiwe indiva.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela ngokuphelele imithetho, imibhalo yephrojekthi yakho kufanele ibophelele:
● Ukuqinisekiswa kohlelo lonke: Qinisekisa ukuthi amaphaneli ensimbi kuphela kodwa nezinto zokubopha (ama-gaskets/EPDM), izinto zokubopha (izikulufo), kanye namapayipi asetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni aqinisekiswe ngawodwana ku-NSF/ANSI 61.
● Inqubomgomo yokungaphazamiseki: Cacisa "ukuhlolwa kwamaholide" (ukuhlolwa ngomlilo) kuwo wonke amaphaneli angaphakathi ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingubo yengilazi iqhubeka ngo-100% ngaphandle kwezimbobo.
● Imibhalo: Hlola njalo isitifiketi somkhiqizi sokufakwa kuhlu kwe-NSF, uqinisekise ingxenye ethile (isibonelo, Ingxenye 5: Izinto Zokuvimbela) yokuthintana namanzi okuphuzwayo.
5. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Q: Ingabe "i-glass-lined" ifana ne-Glass-Fused-to-Steel?
A: Embonini yamathangi okugcina amanzi, "i-glass-lined" yigama elivamile le-GFS. Kodwa-ke, hlola njalo ukuthi ithangi lakhiwe kusetshenziswa inqubo ye-high-temperature thermal fusion (GFS) kunokuba kube ukugqoka kwengilazi noma i-epoxy okufakwa ngomjikelezo ongaphansi, njengoba i-GFS inikeza ukuqina okungcono kakhulu nokuhambisana okungaguquki.
Q: Ingabe ithangi le-GFS lidinga ukugcinwa ukuze lihlale lihambisana nemithetho?
A: Ingaphezulu le-GFS iyakwazi ukumelana kakhulu, kodwa ukuhambisana kwe-NSF 61 kuncike nasekucocekeni. Kumele unamathele ezinqubweni zokuhlanza nokuhlola njalo (ngokwemigomo ye-AWWA) ukuze uvimbele ukuqoqeka kukadaka, ama-biofilm, noma izinto zangaphandle ezingangcolisa amanzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Umbuzo: Uyi-GFS ibhekana kanjani nokuzamazama komhlaba uma kuqhathaniswa ne-concrete?
Impendulo: Amathangi e-GFS ayingxenye futhi ayizibopho, okubavumela ukuthi abhekane nokunyakaza okuncane okuzamazama komhlaba ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okubhubhisayo okubonwa ezakhiweni eziqinile, eziyisibonelo ze-concrete. Lokhu kubenza bakhethe okuphephile ukuze kuvikeleke ikhwalithi yamanzi yesikhathi eside.
Onjiniyela bakamasipala nezimboni, ukuhambisana kwe-NSF/ANSI 61 kuyisilinganiso esingenakuvunyelwana ngaso sezempilo yomphakathi. Amathangi e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel ahlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso esithembeke kakhulu salokhu kuhambisana ngokusebenzisa izakhiwo ezingasebenzi, ezingangeni zengilazi ehlanganisiwe. Ngokucacisa uhlelo oluqinisekisiwe ngokugcwele lwe-GFS, uvikele ingqalasizinda yakho yamanzi ngokumelene nezingozi zokuvuza, ukugqwala, nokungcola emashumini eminyaka ezayo.
Ngabe njengamanje ubhala imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe yephrojekthi yokugcina amanzi, noma ngabe wenza isheke lemisebenzi eseyikhona? Ukwazi isigaba sephrojekthi yakho esiqondile kungisiza ukuthi ngikunikeze ulimi olufanele lwezobuchwepheshe emibhalweni yakho yokuthenga.
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