Izitanki ze-NSF/ANSI 61 ze-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS): Umhlahlandlela Wokuqondanisa Amanzi Aphuzwayo
Kwadalwa ngo 06.17
Izitangi ze-NSF/ANSI 61 Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS): Umhlahlandlela Wokuhambisana namanzi okuphuzwayo
Uma ugcina amanzi okuphuza (amanzi okuphuza), imfuneko eyinhloko yokulawula yi-NSF/ANSI 61, umgangatho obeka imingcele eqinile ekukhipheni izinto ezingcolisa amakhemikhali ezinto ezithintana namanzi. Amathangi e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS) asele njengomgangatho wezimboni kulolu hlelo lokusebenza. Ngokuhlanganisa ungqimba lwengilazi olungathathi hlangothi ngokwemvelo ku-substrate yensimbi yesakhiwo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, amathangi e-GFS ahlinzeka ngendawo engenawo umoya, engamelana nokugqwala engangeni izinto ezingcolisa amanzi, okwenza ahambisane ngokwemvelo nezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lezempilo.
1. Ukuqonda i-NSF/ANSI 61
I-NSF/ANSI 61 yindinganiso yaseMelika kazwelonke esungula izidingo ezincane zemiphumela yezempilo zezidakamizwa zamakhemikhali kanye nezinto ezingcolisa amanzi ezingangena ngokuqondile emanzini okuphuzwayo kusuka emikhiqizweni, ezingxenyeni, nasezintweni.
● Inhloso: Ukukhusela impilo yomphakathi ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izitangi zokugcina, amapayipi, nezingxenye azikho "ezinikela" izinto eziyingozi (njengezinsimbi ezisindayo noma izinto eziyingozi eziguquguqukayo) emanzini.
● Inqubo: Izingxenye zihloliwe kusetshenziswa amanzi anamakhemistri anzima (ahlukahlukene amazinga e-pH) ukulingisa ukuchayeka isikhathi eside. Uma izinto ezikhiphayo zidlula imikhawulo ye-Single Product Allowable Concentration (SPAC), umkhiqizo uyahluleka ukuthola isitifiketi.
2. Kungani i-GFS iyona "Gold Standard" Yam amanzi okuphuza
Ngokungafani namathangi ajwayelekile anama-epoxy noma enziwe ngekhonkrithi, angonakala noma angahlukana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuchwepheshe be-GFS bunikeza ukuhlanganiswa okuyingqayizivele kwezinto ezanelisa izidingo zezempilo ze-NSF/ANSI 61.
Izinzuzo Zamakhemistri Nezakhono Zokwakhiwa
● Ukubopha Kwama-molecule: Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ingilazi nensimbi kuhlanganiswa emazingeni okushisa asukela ku-820°C kuye ku-930°C. Lokhu kudala ukubopha kwama-molecule lapho ingilazi ingena khona emingomeni yensimbi, okuphumela endaweni eyinhlanganisela yengilazi-yensimbi.
● Ukuphila Ngokwemvelo: Ingilazi ayihlangani namakhemikhali. Ayihlangani namanzi, futhi ayisekeli ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo (i-biofilm). Lokhu kwenza kube cishe kungenzeki ukuthi udonga lwe-tank lwakhe luphumelele izinto ezingcolisa amanzi agciniwe, lufeze umgomo oyinhloko we-NSF/ANSI 61.
● Ukumelana Nokuklebhula: Ukuqina kobuso bengilazi kuvimbela ukwakheka kwezimbotshana ezincane lapho amagciwane noma izinto ezingcolisa amanzi zingafihla khona, kuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yamanzi ihlala ingaguquki isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engu-30 ye-tank.
3. Ukuqhathaniswa kwezixazululo zokugcina amanzi okuphuza
Ubuchwepheshe bokugcina | Izidingo zokugcinwa | Ukuthembeka kokuthobela | Impilo yesikhathi eside |
Ingilazi-Ehlanganiswe-Nesitimu (GFS) | Phansi Kakhulu | Kakhulu (Akunabungozi) | Iminyaka engu-30–50+ |
I-Epoxy Eyakhelwe Ensambeni | Phezulu (Ukuphinda Uqweqwe) | Okuguquguqukayo (Ingozi Yokuhlubuka) | Iminyaka engu-20–30 |
Izitsha zikakhonkolo | Phezulu (Ukuqhekeka/Ukuvuza) | Phakathi (Ingozi yokuba namagobolondo) | Iminyaka engu-20–40 |
Amathangi Epulasitiki/Epoliyeni | Kancane | Kancane (Ukulinganiselwa kokukala) | Iminyaka engu-10–20 |
4. Izinto Ezibalulekile Zokuhambisana Nezidingo Zokucaciswa
Ukucacisa itanki "elinamalungelo e-NSF/ANSI 61" kuvame ukungaqondwa. Ukuthobela kufuna okungaphezu nje kwamaphaneli; kubandakanya yonke indlela yokwakhiwa kohlelo. Iphutha elivamile ezincwadini zobunjiniyela ukugxila kuphela ezindongeni zamathangi ngenkathi kungabhekwa izinsiza.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela okugcwele imithetho, imibhalo yephrojekthi yakho kufanele ibophelele:
● Ukuqinisekiswa kohlelo lonke: Qinisekisa ukuthi amaphaneli ensimbi kuphela, kodwa nezinto zokubopha (ama-gaskets/EPDM) nezokubopha ezisetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni ziqinisekiswe ngokwehlukana ku-NSF/ANSI 61.
● Inqubomgomo yokungaphazamiseki: Cela ukuhlolwa okungu-100% kwe-spark (i-holiday) kuwo wonke amaphaneli angaphakathi ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingubo yengilazi ayinazo izimbobo ezincane.
● Imibhalo: Cela isitifiketi somkhiqizi sokufakwa kuhlu kwe-NSF esibhekisa ngqo esigabeni sokuthintana namanzi okuphuzwayo.
5. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Umbuzo: Uma amaphaneli anesitifiketi se-NSF/ANSI 61, ingabe ithangi lonke liyathola isitifiketi?
A: Akuzenzakali. Kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi izinto zokuhlanganisa (ama-sealant, ama-gasket, nezikepisi zamabhawodi) nazo ziqinisekisiwe. Ithangi elinezindonga eziqinisekisiwe kodwa izimpawu ezingahambisani ngeke zihlangabezane nezinga.
Umbuzo: Ingabe ithangi le-GFS lidinga ukugcinwa ukuze lihlale lihambisana?
A: Ngenkathi indawo ye-GFS ingadingi ukugcinwa mayelana nokuphinda upende, ukuhambisana kwe-NSF/ANSI 61 kuncike nasezintweni zokuhlanzeka zesistimu. Kusamele unamathele ezinqubweni zokuhlanza nokuhlola njalo (ngokwezinga le-AWWA noma lezinga lendawo) ukuze uvimbele ukwakheka kwezinto ezifana nodaka noma izinto zangaphandle ezingangcola ezingathinta ikhwalithi yamanzi.
Umb: Iziphiwo ze-GFS ziphathe kanjani imisebenzi yokuzamazama komhlaba uma ziqhathaniswa nezakhiwo zikakhonkolo?
Impendulo: Izitsha ze-GFS zihlangene futhi ziboshiwe, okuzivumela ukuthi ziguquguquke kancane phakathi nemicimbi yokuzamazama komhlaba ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Lokhu kuqiniseka kwesakhiwo kuvimbela "ukuphuka" okuvame ukubangela izinkinga zokungcola ezakhiweni eziqinile, ezingahambisani nezindinganiso zikakhonkolo.
Kubaphathi bezindawo kanye nonjiniyela bakamasipala, ukuhambisana kwe-NSF/ANSI 61 kuyisibopho esingenakukhulunywa ngaso empilweni yomphakathi. Izitsha ze-Glass-Fused-to-Steel zinikeza isiqinisekiso esithembeke kakhulu, esesikhathini eside salokhu kuhambisana ngokusebenzisa izakhiwo zengilazi ezingasebenzi, ezingangeni. Ngokucacisa uhlelo olugcwele oluqinisekisiwe lwe-GFS, awukhi nje isitsha; utshala imali ekuhlanzekeni kwesikhathi eside kwengqalasizinda yakho yamanzi.
Ngabe njengamanje ubhala i-RFP yephrojekthi yamanzi okuphuza, noma ngabe ufuna ukufaka esikhundleni uhlelo lokugcina oludala? Ngingakusiza ukuthi uchaze ulimi oluthile lobuchwepheshe oludingekayo emibhalweni yakho yokuthenga.
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