Izitangi Zensimbi Ezigqitshwe Ngengilazi ze-NFPA 22: Izinga Eliphezulu Kakhulu Lezinsiza Zokuvikela Umlilo
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Amathangi Ensini Aklanywe Ngengilazi ye-NFPA 22: Isilinganiso Esiphezulu Kakhulu Sokwakhiwa Kwezokuvikela Imililo
Ekuklameni kwezokuphepha kwezimboni, izinhlelo zokuvikela imililo azivumeli ukungabi nephutha. Ingqalasizinda eyimfihlo yokuvikela imililo—njengezinhlelo zokunisela ezizenzakalelayo kanye namapayipi aphezulu—kuncike ngokuphelele ekutholakaleni ngokushesha kwamanzi amaningi. Isilinganiso se-National Fire Protection Association i-NFPA 22 sibeka imithetho eqinile yokuklama, yokwakha, nokugcinwa kwalezi zindawo zamanzi ezinikezelwe.
Phakathi kobuchwepheshe obuhambisana nemithetho, izitsha zensimbi ezine-glass-lined—ezaziwa ngokuthi i-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS)—seziyindinganiso yomhlaba wonke kwezobunjiniyela, zinikeza ukwethembeka okungafani kwezakhiwo, ukungagqwali, kanye neminyaka engu-30+ yokuphila kokusebenza.
1. Ukuchaza Izimfuno ze-NFPA 22 Ezitheni Zamanzi Omlilo
Izinga le-NFPA 22 (Izinga Lamanzi Ezitheni Zokuvikela Umlilo Eyimfihlo) lilawula ukwethembeka kwezakhiwo kanye nokulungela kokusebenza kwezindawo zokugcina amanzi omlilo. Lisungula imithetho eqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ahlala etholakala futhi ukuthi isitsha ngokwaso ngeke sihluleke esikhathini esiphuthumayo noma sihlupheke ukubola kwangaphakathi okungaholela ekulimazeni amaphampu omlilo.
Izimfuno eziyinhloko ze-NFPA 22 zihlanganisa:
● Ukwethembeka Kwezakhiwo Ngaphansi Kwengcindezi: Izitsha kumele zibalwe ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nemithwalo yomoya eyenziwa endaweni ethile, ukuqoqwa kweziqhwa eziningi, kanye nomsebenzi we-seismic owenzeka endaweni ngaphandle kwengozi yokugoba kwezakhiwo.
● Ukulawulwa Kokugqwala: Izindawo zangaphakathi kumele zimelane nokugqwala nokuklebhuka. Izikwele zegqwala noma ukuklebhuka kwe-coating yangaphakathi kungaphuma, kungene emapayipini okudonsa, kuvimbe ama-impeller amaphampu omlilo, noma kuvimbe imilomo yezinqamuzane ezihlakazayo, okuholela ekuhlulekeni okukhulu kohlelo.
● Ukuvikelwa Ekuqandiseni: Ezindaweni ezibandayo, i-NFPA 22 idinga izibalo eziqinile zokushisa kanye nezinqubo zokufudumeza amathangi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi alokhu liwela ngaphansi kuka-4.4°C (40°F).
● Izindinganiso Eziqinile Zezinsiza: Izinsiza ezithile zokubopha amapayipi—njengezinduku zokuvimbela ukujikeleza kwamanzi, izikali zamanzi ezilinganisiwe, imigqa yokugcwala, kanye nezitebhisi zokungena ngaphandle/ngaphakathi—zidingeka ngokuqinile.
2. Ubuchwepheshe Bokuklama Ngengilazi: Kungani i-Vitreous Enamel Inqoba Abancintisana Nayo
Ubuchwepheshe bensimbi eyenziwe ngengilazi buhlanganisa ukufaka umbozo we-vitreous enamel enokusebenza okuphezulu ngqo kumaphaneli ensimbi yekhabhoni enesivinini esikhulu emazingeni okushisa eziko ezizenzakalelayo asukela ku-820°C kuye ku-930°C. Lokhu kudala ukubopha okungahlukanisekiyo ngokomzimba nangokwemvelo okuhlangabezana kahle nezidingo ezibalulekile zokuphepha ze-NFPA 22.
Ukuvikelwa Okungapheli Kokugqwala
Amathangi ensimbi akhiwe ensimini asebenzisa upende we-epoxy wangaphakathi odinga ukuhlolwa njalo, ukugqashula, nokupendwa kabusha njalo eminyakeni engu-7 kuya kwey-10. Amathangi okwakhiwe ngokhokho ayavuzeka futhi alungele ukuqhekeka okuncane nokuvuza. Insimbi enesendlalelo sengilazi inikeza indawo engavuzi, engasebenzi yengilazi engazweli nhlobo ukugqwala, ukwakheka kwezinto ezincane, nokungcola kwezinto eziphilayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ahlala emsulwa futhi alungele amaphampu amashumi eminyaka.
Akukho Ukushisa Okudingekayo & Ukwakhiwa Okusheshayo
Ngoba amathangi anesendlalelo sengilazi akhiwa ngokwezingxenye futhi aboshwa ndawonye endaweni kusetshenziswa izinsimbi ezikhethekile ezihambisanayo, adinga ukushisela ensimini noma ukupenda endaweni. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu izingozi zomlilo ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa ezindaweni zezimboni futhi kunciphisa isikhathi sokuhlanganisa endaweni kuze kufike ku-50% uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokwakha ngokhokho noma zokushisela.
Ukuqina Okungajwayelekile (Ukuqina Okungu-6.0 Mohs)
Ukwelapheka kwengilazi okuhlanganisiwe kunikeza ubulukhuni obungama-6.0 we-Mohs, okunikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuklwebheka ngokomzimba, ukulimala ngokushayeka, nezihlanza zamakhemikhali.
3. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezakhiwo: Izixazululo Zokugcina Amanzi Emililo
Ipharamitha Yobunjiniyela | Amathangi Okuhlanganiswa Ngama-Bolts Ahlanganiswe Ngengilazi we-NFPA 22 | Insiza Yensimbi Eyenziwe Ensambeni | Ukhonkolo Othelelwe Ensambeni |
Ingozi Yokuvimbeka Kwamapayipi Angaphakathi | Akukho Lutho (Indawo Engu-Inert Yengilazi) | Phezulu (Izikwele Zegqwala/Ukuklebhuka Kwepayinti) | Phansi (Ukuklebhuka Kwesihlabathi/Ukuhlala) |
Indawo Yokugcinwa Ensambeni | Akukho Lutho Cishe (Akukho Ukubuyiselwa Kwesendlalelo) | Phezulu (Buyekeza njalo eminyakeni engu-7–10) | Phezulu (Ukuvala izikhala/ukugcwalisa) |
Indawo Yokwakha | Encane (Ukuhlanganisa okuhlanzekile, okuyimodular) | Enkulu (Izinsiza zokushisela, izindawo zokuphepha) | Enkulu kakhulu (Izikhunta, izithuthuthu zokuthutha) |
Isivinini Sokufakwa | Esisheshayo (Izinsuku kuya emaviki) | Ephakathi (Amaviki kuya ezinyangeni) | Esihamba kancane kakhulu (Ukuqina kukakhonkolo okungaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-28) |
Izindleko Zokuba Nazo Sekuphele isikhathi eside | Ezingezansi (Ukunciphisa ukusebenza nokugcinwa) | Phezulu (Ukugcinwa okubizayo) | Phezulu (Ukulungiswa ukuvuza njalo) |
4. Izinsiza Ezibalulekile ze-NFPA 22 Ezihlanganiswe Emaduzeni Ahlanganiswe Ngengilazi
I-tanki eligcwaliswe ngengilazi elihambisana ngokugcwele ne-NFPA 22 lenziwa njengohlelo oluphelele, oluhlanganisa izingxenye ezilungiselelwe efektri eziklanyelwe ukulungela izimo eziphuthumayo:
● I-Anti-Vortex Assembly: Ibhekiswe phezu kokuphuma komthamo ukuze kuqedwe ukwakheka kwe-vortex ngesikhathi kuvulwa i-fire pump esheshayo, iqinisekisa ukulethwa kwamanzi okuqhubekayo, okungenamabhamuza.
● I-Calibrated Level Indicators: Izinkomba ezinesisindo esikhulu, ezibonakala kalula, ezibizwa nge-cat-and-mouse noma izinkomba zamazinga edijithali zilandelela umthamo wamanzi ngesikhathi sangempela, zibika ngokushesha kumagridi okuqapha izindawo ezimaphakathi.
● Izikhumba Zokufakelwa/Ukushisa Ezihlanganisiwe: Ezindaweni ezineqhwa, amaphaneli agcwaliswe ngengilazi angahlonyiswa ngamashidi angaphandle anezinga eliphezulu le-R kanye nama-flange omshini wokushisa, aqinisekisa ukuhambisana okuqinile nemithetho ye-NFPA 22 yezinga lokushisa ngokusebenzisa amandla okuthuthukisiwe.
Ukulungiselela Ingqalasizinda Yokuphepha Komlilo Yesikhathi Esizayo
Abunjiniyela be-fire protection, abaphathi be-plant operations, nabahlola imishwalense, ukukhetha ithangi elenziwe ngengilazi elihambisana ne-NFPA 22 kuyisinqumo esisekelwe kudatha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphila kwempahla nokuphepha kokusebenza. Ngokususa izinto ezingalindelekile zokuhlanganisa ensimbi endaweni kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokugcinwa kwezinto zokumboza ezivamile, ubuchwepheshe bokumboza ngengilazi buletha indawo yokugcina amanzi omililo ethembekile kakhulu, ehambisana nekhodi, futhi enenzuzo enkulu ezikhungweni zezimboni zesimanje emhlabeni wonke.
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