Ukugaya Udaka Kukhiqiza Malini I-Biogas?
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Kukhiqiza Malini I-Biogas Ukugaywa Kwe-Sludge?
Uma ubuza ngesivuno se-biogas, uzothola inombolo engenasisekelo. Ngetani lethani? Nge-cubic metre yedigester? Ngekhilogremu ye-volatile solids efakiwe noma elahliwe? Ngayinye yalezi izindlela ezisemthethweni zokuyiveza futhi ngayinye iveza isibalo esihluke kakhulu, yingakho izifundo zokwenzeka zivame ukuphikisana nedatha yezitshalo ngesici esiphindwe kabili.
Indlela ewusizo kakhulu futhi edluliselwa kalula yileyo yegesi ekhiqizwa ngekhilogremu ye-volatile solids elahliwe, ngoba ihlukanisa lokho okufezwe yibhayoloji ekutholakaleni kwe-feedstock. Ngaleyo ndlela, ukugaywa kwe-municipal sludge kuveza cishe i-cubic metre eyodwa ye-biogas ngekhilogremu ngayinye elahliwe, ngama-55 kuya ku-65 ekhulwini e-methane.
1. Kukhiqiza Malini Igesi Ngekhilogremu Ye-Volatile Solids?
Cishe amamitha-kubhu angu-0.8 kuya ku-1.2 we-biogas ngekhilogremu yezinto eziqinile ezihlukanisekayo ezibhujisiwe, kanti imitha-kubhu elilodwa ngekhilogremu yiwona inani lokuhlela elijwayelekile.
· Inani Lokuhlela: Cishe imitha-kubhu elilodwa we-biogas ngekhilogremu yezinto eziqinile ezihlukanisekayo ezibhujisiwe lisetshenziswa kabanzi kudoti wamasipala.
· Ukutholakala Kwe-Methane: I-biogas yodoti lwendle ivamise ukuba namaphesenti angu-55-65 e-methane, kanti okusele kungumoya-mpilo (carbon dioxide) kanye nemikhondo ye-hydrogen sulphide, i-nitrogen kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi.
· Ukutholakala kwamandla: Kuma-methane angu-60 amaphesenti, i-biogas ithwala cishe ama-megajoule angu-21-23 ngemitha-kubhu, okulingana nama-kilowatt-hour angu-6.0-6.5.
· Igesi Ngemitha-Kubhu Yedigester: Ngokulayisha okujwayelekile, i-mesophilic digester eqhuba kahle ikhiqiza cishe amamitha-kubhu angu-0.5-1.0 we-biogas ngemitha-kubhu yevolumu ye-digester ngosuku.
· Ukuthi Isisekelo Kubalulekile Ngoba: Ukucaphuna ngetoni yodoti olunikiwe kufihla kokubili ukutholakala kwezinto eziqinile kanye nokubhujiswa okufinyelelwe - hlala uguqulela kukhilogremu ngayinye ebhujisiwe ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa.
2. Lokho Kusho Ukuthini Esitshalweni Sangempela?
Isibonelo esisebenzile sidingeka kakhulu kunobubanzi bezinombolo. Thatha isitshalo esilingana nabantu abayizi-100,000 esisebenzisa ukugaywa kwe-sludge exubile.
· Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-Sludge: Ngokulinganiselwa cishe amagremu ayi-100 ezinto ezomile ngomuntu ngamunye ngosuku, isitshalo sikhiqiza cishe amakhilogremu ayi-10,000 ezinto ezomile ngosuku.
· Ingxenye Eguquguqukayo: Kuma-65 ephakathi kwamaphesenti wezinto eziqinile eziguquguqukayo, lokho kungaba ngama-kilogramu angaba ngu-6,500 ezinto eziqinile eziguquguqukayo eziphakelwa ngosuku.
· Ukubhujiswa: Kuma-45 ephakathi kwamaphesenti okubhujiswa, cishe ama-kilogramu angu-2,900 ezinto eziqinile eziguquguqukayo ayabhujiswa ngosuku.
· Ukukhiqizwa Kwegesi: Kumitha elingukubili ngalinye ngekhilogramu, lokho kunikeza cishe amamitha ayinkulungwane eziyisithupha namakhulu amabili nambili (2,900) egesi yebhayogesi ngosuku, okuthi kuyo kube cishe amamitha ayinkulungwane nesikhombisa namakhulu amahlanu (1,750) i-methane.
· Ukulingana Namandla: Cishe ama-kilowatt-hour angu-17,500 ngosuku wamandla aphelele, okulingana nokukhipha ukushisa okuqhubekayo okuseduze nama-kilowatt angu-730, noma cishe ama-kilowatt angu-290 wokukhipha ugesi emshinini ohlanganisa ukushisa namandla.
3. Yini Ekhulisa Noma Enciphisa Isivuno?
Ukwakheka kwezinto eziphakelwayo, ukwelashwa kwangaphambili, izinga lokushisa, isikhathi sokugcina kanye nokuzinza kwenqubo. Izinto ezinhlanu eziguquguqukayo zichaza iningi lomehluko phakathi kwezitshalo.
· I-Sludge Eyinhloko uma iqhathaniswa ne-Waste Activated Sludge: I-Primary sludge imuncwa kalula futhi inika isivuno esiphezulu ngekhilogremu ngayinye elahliwe; i-waste activated sludge inzima ukuyihlakaza.
· Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi: Ukushiswa ngokushisa, i-ultrasonic noma ukuphazamiseka ngemishini kukhulisa kakhulu kokubili ukucekelwa phansi okufinyelelwayo kanye nesivuno segesi.
· Ukugaywa ngokubambisana: Ukwengeza imfucuza yokudla, amafutha, uwoyela kanye negrisi noma i-glycerine kukhulisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwegesi futhi kuyindlela esheshayo yokuthola amandla amaningi kusuka ku-digester ekhona.
· Izinga lokushisa nokugcinwa: Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokugcinwa okwanele kukhulisa ukucekelwa phansi; ukugcinwa okufushane okubangelwa ukulayisha ngokweqile kwenza okuphambene.
· Ukuzinza kwenqubo: Ukuvinjelwa kwe-ammonia, i-sulphide kanye nokulinganiselwa kwezinto ezitholakalayo konke kunciphisa isivuno, yingakho ukuqapha ama-volatile fatty acids kanye ne-alkalinity kubalulekile.
Isisekelo | Inani elijwayelekile | Ukusetshenziswa |
Ngekhilogremu yezinto eziqinile eziguqukayo ezicekelwe phansi | 0.8-1.2 m³ wegesi yebhayogesi | Isisekelo sokuhlela esidonselwa kalula kakhulu |
Ukutholakala kwe-methane | Amaphesenti angu-55-65 ngomthamo | Kuchaza inani lamandla nokufaneleka kwenjini |
Inani lamandla nge-methane engu-60% | 21-23 MJ ngemitha-kubili, cishe 6.0-6.5 kWh | Ukukala usayizi we-CHP kanye nesitshalo sikabhoyela |
Ngemitha-kubili yevolumu ye-digester ngosuku | Cishe 0.5-1.0 m3 we-biogas | Ukuhlola ukucabanga ngosayizi we-digester |
Ngetoni yodaka olunikezwayo | Kuyahlukahluka kakhulu | Kufanelekile ukuqhathanisa kuphela uma okuqukethwe okuqinile kushiwo |
Ukuqinisekiswa kobunjiniyela kanye Nokusekelwa Kwephrojekthi
Wonke ithangi elethwa yi-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd. (Center Enamel) lakhiwe ngokuqinisekisa i-AWWA D103-09 kanye ne-EN 1090 ngokuqinisekiswa kwe-finite element yomzimba, uphahla kanye nemithwalo ye-nozzle, lihlanganiswe ngezinga lokushisa elingu-820-930°C ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-ISO 9001 kanye ne-ISO 45001, lihlolwe ngeholide nge-1500 V kuyo yonke ingaphezulu elingamaphesenti ayikhulu, futhi lihlanganiswe ngamabhawudi e-Grade 8.8 kanye ne-sealant eqinisekiswe ngumkhiqizi. Izilinganiso zokukhiqiza igesi zikhiqizwa kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kwe-sludge kanye nokuqagela kokucekelwa phansi, kanti umthamo we-digester, ukuxuba, ukushisisa kanye nokusingathwa kwegesi kulinganiswa ngokuya ngephrofayili yokukhiqiza igesi ewumphumela.
Imibuzo Ejwayelekile (FAQ)
Mangakanani imethane kugesi we-sewage sludge biogas?
Ngokuvamile amaphesenti angu-55-65 ngomthamo, okusele kungu-carbon dioxide kanye namazinga amancane omhwamuko wamanzi, i-nitrogen ne-hydrogen sulphide. I-methane content yilokho enquma inani lamandla nokuthi igesi ifanele injini noma i-boiler ehlosiwe.
Mangakanani amandla kumitha elingakubili legesi ye-biogas?
Kuma-60 amaphesenti e-methane, cishe ama-megajoules angu-21-23, okulingana nama-kilowatt hours angu-6.0-6.5 ngemitha elingakubili. Iyunithi ye-combined heat and power ngokuvamile iguqula cishe amaphesenti angu-35-40 alokho kube ugesi, kanti okusele kubuyiselwa njengokushisa.
Mangakanani igesi ekhiqizwa isitshalo esilingana nabantu abayikhulu lezinkulungwane (100,000)?
Ukusebenzisa izibalo ezijwayelekile - cishe amagremu ayi-100 ezinto ezomile ngomuntu ngamunye ngosuku, amaphesenti angu-65 ezinto eziguqukayo kanye nokucekelwa phansi okungamaphesenti angu-45 - isitshalo singakhiqiza cishe amakhubhu amamitha ayi-2,900 e-biogas ngosuku, aqukethe cishe amakhubhu amamitha ayi-1,750 e-methane.
Ingabe ukuhlanganisa ukugaywa kwezinto (co-digestion) kwandisa isivuno segesi?
Yebo, kakhulu. Ukwengeza imfucuza yokudla, amafutha, uwoyela noma i-glycerine kwethula izinto ezibolayo kalula futhi ngokuvamile kuyindlela esheshayo yokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwegesi esitshalweni esivele sikhona, ngokuya ngamandla okuxuba, imikhawulo ye-ammonia kanye nokulinganisela kwezinto ezithile (trace elements).
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