Umhlinzeki Wamasiro Okugcina Okusanhlamvu Esiyisicaba Nangaphansi Kwe-Hopper
Kwadalwa ngo 09.02
Umhlinzeki Wamabhodwe Okugcina Okusanhlamvu ane-Flat Bottom ne-Hopper Bottom
Umphakeli wamaphayiphu okugcina okusanhlamvu kufanele akwazi ukuphendula imibuzo emine ngaphambi kwentengo: uhlobo lokusanhlamvu nokuminyana kwesibalo, ukuma kokukhipha okudingwa inqubo, umthwalo wendawo weqhwa nomoya, nokuthi ingabe ingaphakathi kufanele kuhlangabezane nobufakazi bokuthintana nokudla. Amagobolondo e-enamel aboshiwe, e-stainless ne-hot-dip galvanized amboza iningi lomsebenzi, ngesendlalelo se-enamel esincibilikisiwe esiboshwe ku-820–930 °C, ukujiya kuka-0.25–0.45 mm nendawo engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm Ra ehlanza kalula futhi imelane nomthwalo one-asidi wokusanhlamvu okumanzi. Isisekelo esiyisicaba silungele ukugcinwa komthamo omkhulu ngokukhipha ngomoya noma nge-conveyor; isisekelo se-hopper silungele ukukhipha ngezikhathi futhi sinikeza izinga eliphansi lomsalela.
Isinqumo se-silo ngokuvamile sifika sekwephuzile, ngemuva kokuba isomisi, isithuthi sokuhambisa kanye nedokhi yokulayisha sekugxilisiwe, futhi ngaleso sikhathi impikiswano esele kuphela ububanzi. Empeleni i-silo iyona evikela okusanhlamvu, futhi umehluko phakathi kokugcinwa okuhle kanye nenkinga yokonakala ukuhamba komoya, ukuhlanzeka kwezindonga kanye nokusanhlamvu okusele lapho kukhishwa. Unjiniyela ocacisa lokhu kufanele aqale ngezinto: umbila cishe ongu-720 kg/m³, ukolweni mncane kakhulu, ibhali lilula, futhi ngamunye wawo une-engeli yawo yokuphumula nokuziphatha kwawo kokuhamba. Uma okusanhlamvu kanye nephethini yokukhipha sekwaziwa, i-geometry, into yezindonga kanye nokungenisa umoya kuyalandela. Leyo yindlela okulandelanayo umhlinzeki wezinhlamvu ze-silo onekhono azoyilandela, hhayi uhlu lobubanzi lwekhathalogi.
I-Flat Bottom noma i-Hopper Bottom
I-discharge geometry inquma izindleko zokusebenza kakhulu kunalokho enquma ngayo izindleko zokuqala. I-silo enomhlabathi oyisicaba idinga i-sweep noma i-pneumatic conveying slot ukuze ilethe amaphesenti ambalwa okugcina e-outlet, ngakho-ke ithwala i-mechanical scope ephezulu kancane kanye ne-residual rate encane, kodwa inikeza umthamo wokugcina omkhulu kakhulu ngesikhathi esinikeziwe sobude bodonga kanye negobolondo elilula kakhulu ukulakha. I-hopper noma i-funnel bottom ikhipha nge-gravity nge-residual rate ephansi kakhulu, okubalulekile lapho insalela iyinkinga yekhwalithi noma yokulawula izinambuzane, ngezindleko zokulahlekelwa ubude bokugcina kanye nesisekelo esimbi kakhulu. Ama-GFS kanye namagobolondo e-galvanized ahlanganiswa kusuka kumaphaneli acishe abe ngu-1.2 m ububanzi, ngakho-ke ukujiya kodonga kungahlehla kuye phezulu lapho i-pressure head iphansi kakhulu, okuyindlela ejwayelekile yokonga insimbi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuqina.
Okwenziwa Ukusanhlamvu Odongeni
I-Condensation, isikhunta kanye nengcindezi yezinambuzane yizingozi ezintathu zokugcina okufanele ibhekane nazo indawo yokugcina ephelele odongeni. Indawo yangaphakathi ebushelelezi, engangenisi lutho engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm Ra ayishiyi mfantu wokuthi uthuli lokusanhlamvu, izinhlamvu zesikhunta noma amaqanda ezinambuzane zibambelele kuwo, futhi isulwa ngokushesha phakathi kwemithwalo; leyo yiyona mpawu efanayo eyenza i-fused enamel yamukeleke emsebenzini wokuthinta ukudla, isekelwa ubufakazi be-FDA ne-LFGB. Insimbi ye-galvanized ngokwe-GB/T 13912-2020 iyisinqumo esingabizi kakhulu sokusanhlamvu okomile, okuhlanzekile nokudla okomile kwezilwane, kusetshenziswa ukuvikelwa kokuzidela emaphethelweni asikiwe, kodwa akusona isinqumo sokusanhlamvu esimanzi noma esenza i-asidi, izindawo ezinamakloridi amaningi, noma noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokuthinta ukudla lapho ukuhamba kwe-zinc kulawulwa khona. Lapho inqubo idinga ngempela, i-304 noma i-316L stainless ihlanganisa izimo zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu noma zamakloridi amaningi ngezindleko eziphindwe izikhathi eziningana nge-cubic metre ngayinye.
Ukungena Komoya, Uthuli kanye Nezimo Zomthwalo
Umoya kanye nokuqoqwa kothuli yizinhlelo ezimbili ezinquma ukuthi okusanhlamvu kuhlala isikhathi eside. I-silo enomhlabathi oyisicaba ivamise ukufakwa umoya kusuka phansi okunezimbobo noma endaweni enemigudu yokuhamba komoya, futhi izinga lomoya kufanele lihambisane nokujula kokusanhlamvu kanye nezinga lokushisa okuhlosiwe lokulungisa; i-hopper bottom ivamise ukuncika emoyeni wemvelo odlula ku-hopper ngama-inlet louvers. Ukuqoqwa kothuli kufanele kulinganiswe endaweni yokugcwalisa nasendaweni yokukhipha, ngoba uthuli lokusanhlamvu luyilahleko yomkhiqizo futhi luyinto okufanele icatshangelwe mayelana nomlilo nokuqhuma eshedini yokwamukela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igobolondo lithwala ingcindezi yokusanhlamvu emile, ingcindezi yomoya futhi, ezindaweni ezineqhwa, umthwalo weqhwa ophahleni, yingakho uphahla lwe-aluminum dome noma isembozo esiboshiwe kubhekiselwa kulo esimisweni somthwalo wendawo esikhundleni senani elimisiwe.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokushisa lokuncibilikisa i-enamel | 820–930 °C | ingilazi inamathela ensimbi ngokushisa kanye |
Ubukhulu bongqimba lwe-enamel | 0.25–0.45 mm | kulinganiswa ngephaneli ngayinye yokukhiqiza |
Amandla e-enamel | ≥ 3450 N/cm² | ukubekezelela ukushaywa nokuhuzuka |
Ukuqedwa kwendawo | Ra < 0.8 µm | ukuhlanzeka kokuthintana nokudla, i-anchor yensalela ephansi |
Ububanzi bephaneli | cishe 1.2 m | ukujiya kodonga kwehla kuye phezulu |
Izinga le-Galvanizing | HDG, GB/T 13912-2020 | isivikelo sokuzidela sokusanhlamvu okomile |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | ≥ 30 iminyaka | kuhlamvu olushiwo kanye nomsebenzi wesimo sezulu |
Inkomba yomthwalo wophahla | ADM 2015 / ASCE 7-10 | umthwalo womoya neqhwa ngokwesiza |
Ukuchaza Umhlinzeki Wamalitha Okudla
Umbuzo kufanele ube nembe kanye nedatha yohlelo, futhi impendulo kufanele kube ukubala. Nikeza ukuminyana kokusanhlamvu kanye nokuminyana okukhulu, umthamo ohlosiwe ngamathani, izinga lokukhipha elidingekayo, indlela yokugcwalisa, uhlelo lokulungisa ngezikhathi zonyaka, umthwalo womoya neqhwa wendawo, isiza kanye nomkhawulo wokuphakama, kanye nesidingo sokuthintana nokudla uma sikhona. Ngokubuyisela kufanele uthole ububanzi nokuphakama, iphrofayili yobukhulu bodonga, isincomo sokwakheka kwangaphansi kanye nesilinganiso esisele, ukulinganisa komoya nokuqoqa uthuli, indlela yokuqedela yangaphandle kanye nokukhethwa kophahla, kanye nomthwalo wesisekelo. Uma umhlinzeki ebuyisela kuphela ububanzi nentengo, umehluko phakathi kwalezo ziphakamiso ezimbili awukahlolwa.
Icala Lephrojekthi
Iphrojekthi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Uchungechunge lwesitoreji esikhulu somjikelezo | Beijing, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 9,682 m³ (φ16.23 m × 23.4 m × 2) | ukuhlinzeka + ukugadwa kokufakwa |
Uchungechunge lwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini | Xinjiang, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 30,469 m³ emathangini angama-27 | ukuhlinzeka + ukugadwa kokufakwa |
Uchungechunge lokupheka utshwala | Sichuan, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 14,655 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + usizo lokwakha |
Uchungechunge lwamanzi okuphuza | Indonesia | Ithangi le-GFS | 21,099 m³ (φ42.04 m × 15.2 m) | ukuhlinzeka + ukusekela kokusebenza |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela be-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isikhathi eside kusukela ngo-2008 yakha futhi yaklama amathangi okugcina izinto aboshwe ngezibophezelo. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile imisebenzi efakiwe engaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukwakhiwa kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Emsebenzini wempahla eyomile kanye nokudla okusanhlamvu lokhu kuba yindawo eyisicaba noma i-hopper bottom ekhethwe ngokulingana nezinga lokukhipha kanye nomgomo oyinsalela, udonga olubushelelezi lwe-enamel noma olugalvanized olunobufakazi bokuthintana nokudla obufunwa umcwaningi, kanye nephakethe lophahla nokungenisa umoya elilinganiswe nomoya wendawo kanye nomthwalo weqhwa.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Yiluphi uhlobo lwaphansi okufanele ngilukhethe ekugcineni umbila?
A1: Isitoreji esikhulu somthamo ophezulu esinesistimu yokuhambisa sihambelana nendawo eyisicaba; ukukhishwa ngezikhathi lapho insalela yokusanhlamvu iyinkinga yekhwalithi kuhambelana nendawo enomgodi ongaphansi. Isinqumo yizinga lokukhishwa kanye nensalela eyamukelekayo, hhayi umehluko wezindleko zokuqala kuphela.
Q2: Ingabe i-enamel ilungele ukusanhlamvu?
A2: Yebo. I-enamel encibilikisiwe ibushelelezi ngaphansi kuka-0.8 µm Ra, imelana nomthwalo one-asidi wokusanhlamvu okumanzi, futhi inobufakazi bokuthintana nokudla kwe-FDA ne-LFGB, okukwenza kube ukukhetha okusebenzayo lapho inhlanzeko phakathi kwempahla ibalulekile.
Q3: Kunini lapho insimbi ye-galvanized iyisithengi esingcono?
A3: Kokusanhlamvu okomile, okuhlanzekile kanye nokudla okomile esimweni sezulu esomile, lapho isivikelo se-zinc sokuzidela kanye nezindleko zokuqala eziphansi zibaluleke kakhulu kunodonga olunhlanzekile. Gwema ukukusebenzisa kokusanhlamvu okumanzi, izindawo ezinokugxila okuphezulu kwe-chloride, kanye nokuthintana nokudla okulawulwayo ngenxa yemikhawulo yokuhamba kwe-zinc.
Q4: Ingabe i-condensation ilawulwa kanjani?
A4: Ngokufanisa izinga lokungenisa umoya kanye nokwakheka kwe-plenum nokujula kwezinhlamvu kanye nohlelo lokulungisa, kanye nokugcina uphahla kanye nenkundla ephezulu kunomoya ukuze umoya ofudumele noswakeme ungajiyi ngaphansi kophahla. Ukuqedwa kodonga kuyakusekela ngokuba lula ukukususa ngokuwasha.
Q5: Ingabe ukuqoqwa kothuli kungaphansi komsebenzi wesilo?
A5: Kungaphansi kwephrojekthi efanayo. Ukukala kwayo ezindaweni zokugcwalisa nokukhipha kuvimbela ukulahleka komkhiqizo kanye nengozi yothuli eshedini yokwamukela, futhi kufanele ivele embuzweni kunokuba ingezwe njengokuguqulwa kwesiza kamuva.
Q6: Yiziphi izimo zomthwalo ezibonwa yigobolondo?
A6: Ingcindezi yezinhlamvu emile evela ekujuleni okugciniwe, kanye nengcindezi yomoya kusilinda kanye nomthwalo weqhwa ophahleni okubhekiselwe ezimweni zendawo. Ukujiya kodonga kwehla kuye phezulu lapho ingcindezi yekhanda iphansi.
Q7: Yimaphi amadokhumenti ahamba nesilo?
A7: Izitifiketi zomshini wamaphaneli, ukujiya kwe-enamel kanye namarekhodi okuhlolwa kwe-spark lapho kusetshenziswa i-enamel, izinga lamabhawodi kanye namarekhodi e-torque, imibiko yokujiya kwe-galvanizing yamagobolondo e-HDG, imidwebo yokuhlanganisa kanye nencwadi yokusebenza enesikhathi sokuhlola sophahla kanye nendawo yokuphuma yokuhambisa.
I-silo yokugcina okusanhlamvu ichazwa ngokulandela ukuhamba kwempahla emuva: okusanhlamvu kanye nokuminyana kwengqimba kunquma umthamo, izinga lokukhipha linquma ukuma kwangaphansi, isimo sezulu sinquma umthwalo wophahla, kanti imfuneko yenhlanzeko inquma ukuqedwa kodonga. Amaphaneli e-enamel aboshiwe kanye ne-galvanized ahlanganisa iningi lomsebenzi wokugcina, i-stainless ihlanganisa izimo ezincane ezenani eliphezulu, futhi zombili izinhlelo eziboshiwe zingandiswa noma ziphinde zimiswe lapho uhlelo lokugcina lushintsha. Cela umhlinzeki ukubala, hhayi ikhathalogi, futhi ukuqhathaniswa phakathi kweziphakamiso kuba nencazelo. Thumela okusanhlamvu, umthamo, izinga lokukhipha kanye nomthwalo wendawo, futhi ukukhethwa kuphenduka uhlelo lokulethwa olunosuku.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela uhlobo lwembewu kanye nokuminyana kwenqwaba, umthamo ngamathani, izinga lokukhipha elidingekayo, indlela yokugcwalisa, isikhathi sokugcina, umthwalo womoya neqhwa wendawo, imikhawulo yendawo nokuphakama, kanye nanoma iyiphi imfuneko yokuthintana nokudla. Ithimba lobunjiniyela lizobuyisela ububanzi nokuphakama, ukujiya kodonga, ukwakheka phansi ngesilinganiso esilinganiselwe esisele, ukulinganisa komoya nokuqoqwa kothuli, izinketho zophahla nokuqedwa kwangaphandle, umthwalo wesisekelo, kanye nesethi yemibhalo yokwamukelwa. Uma i-galvanized noma i-stainless steel ilingana kangcono nomsebenzi kune-enamel, leyo nketho ibalulwa kanye nesizathu.
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