Ithangi le-Glass Fused to Steel Lamaphrojekthi Okwelapha Amanzi Angcolile Ezimbonini Zemithi
Kwadalwa ngo 02.13
Ithangi Lensimbi Encibilikisiwe Engilazini Lamaphrojekthi Okuhlanza Amanzi Angcolile Ezemithi
Ithangi lengilazi elihlanganiswe nensimbi lamaphrojekthi okwelapha amanzi angcolile ezemithi kugcina umfudlana ohamba ngezigaba, onamakhemikhali anolaka endaweni engasebenzi, ehlanzekayo futhi ebhaliwe. Umhlobiso uhlanganiswa nensimbi ku-820–930 °C futhi awusebenzi ku-pH 1–14, uhlala ngaphansi kuka-0.8 µm Ra, uphasa ukuhlolwa kwenhlansi ye-1500 V DC iphaneli ngayinye futhi unempilo yokuklama yeminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Ngenxa yokuthi amaphaneli aboshelwa ndawonye futhi athunyelwa ecwebe, umsebenzi ungandiswa ithangi nethangi ngaphakathi kwekhalenda yokuvalwa ekhona esikhundleni sokuvula igobolondo elilodwa elikhulu elishiseliwe.
Amanzi angcolile ezemithi aza ngezigaba, hhayi ngokugeleza okungaguquki: umkhankaso uyaphela, imigqa igcwaliswa nge-caustic ne-asidi, ithangi elamukele isigaba libona ukukhuphuka kokugxila okungazange kulindelwe isisekelo somklamo, futhi isitshalo kufanele sifakazele ukuthi umkhumbi wokugcina usahlanzekile ngaphambi kokuba umkhankaso olandelayo uqale. Leyo nhlanganisela — ukuhlasela kwamakhemikhali, iziqongo zezigaba kanye nomkhondo wokucwaninga — yikho okuhlukanisa ithangi elisetshenziswayo esitshalweni semithi ethangi elilula lokugcina amanzi. Isinqumo sokucacisa igobolondo ngokuvamile sithathwa ekubuyekezweni komklamo wezinsiza, lapho kusakhululekile ukushintsha. Ithangi le-glass fused to steel lamaphrojekthi okwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezemithi iyinketho egcina udonga lungasebenzi ngenkathi uhlelo lwamaphaneli aboshiwe lugcina uhlelo lwesikhathi luphelele.
Kungani i-Enamel Isinda Emfuleni Oqhutshwa Umkhankaso
Ubukhulu be-enamel kanye nezinga lokushisa lokuhlangana kusetha umngcele wokwehluleka. Ithangi lensimbi elihlanganiswe nengilazi liphethe ungqimba lwe-vitreous olushiselwe kuphaneli lensimbi ku-820–930 °C, ngakho ingilazi nensimbi kusebenza njengento eyodwa futhi akukho mugqa wokuxhumana we-organic okhona ukuze uketshezi lwenqubo luhlaselo. I-enamel ikalwa ngaphezu kuka-3450 N/cm², okubhekela ukuthintana komshini okuvela kuma-trolley okuhlanza, amapulatifomu kanye nezisekelo zamapayipi embonini ehlanzwa njalo. Ihlala ingasebenzi ku-pH 1–14, ngakho ukushintshashintsha phakathi kokugezwa nge-asidi, i-caustic CIP kanye ne-effluent yebatch eseduze nokungathathi hlangothi akuguquli ukukhethwa kwento. Izindlela ezimbili zokwehluleka zisalokhu ukwakheka kwama-pinhole kusukela ekuhlaselweni okugxilile okuhlala isikhathi eside kanye nokuqhekeka emaphethelweni endaweni yokusika yasefektri, kokubili kubhekwana nakho ekukhiqizeni futhi kokubili kuhlanganiswa ukuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC okwenziwa kuphaneli ngayinye ngaphambi kokukhishwa.
Ukukala Inqwaba, Ukugeza kanye Nezinsuku Zokugcina
Ivolumu yeqoqo kanye nevolumu yokugeza kanye nezinsuku zokugcina konke kuyisibalo esiphelele. Ngokungafani nenqubo eqhubekayo, imboni yemithi kufanele yamukele ukukhishwa okuphelele kweqoqo elikhulu kakhulu ngaphandle kokuchichima, yengeze ivolumu yokugeza komugqa okulandela lokho, bese igcina ingxube izinsuku eziningi ngokwesidingo sohlelo lwayo lokucubungula. Ngakunye kwalokho kuthathu kubeka isilinganiso: iqoqo libeka ivolumu encane yokusebenza, ukugeza kubeka ukuhlelwa kokungena nokuphuma, kanti izinsuku zokugcina ziphindaphinda isilinganiso sansuku zonke sibe yivolumu yokugcina. Amaphaneli acishe abe ngu-1.2 m ububanzi futhi angahlanganiswa cishe kunoma yimuphi umugqa, ngakho uma ivolumu isiyaziwa, umugqa nokuphakama kuyalandela ngaphandle komqondo omusha wesakhiwo. Kwengezwa isikhala esingenhla samanzi ngenxa yengqimba yegwebu eyakhiwa umfudlana oqukethe i-surfactant, kanti isiphephetha somoya silinganiswa ngomhwamuko ongaphezu koketshezi kanye nanoma yikuphi ukususwa kwesincibilikisi.
Ukuhlanzeka, Ukukhipha Umoya kanye Nefayela Lokucwaninga
Indonga ehlanzekayo iyona eyenza ithangi lamukeleke kuhle kuqinisekiso lwekhwalithi. Ngaphansi kuka-0.8 µm Ra, i-enamel ishiya indawo encane kakhulu yokuthi insalela noma i-biofilm ibambelele kuyo, ngakho ukuhlanza ngemuva komkhankaso kuqedwa ngesikhathi esihleliwe futhi kungaqoshwa njengomphumela wokuhlolwa okubonakalayo; indawo engaphezulu eqinisiwe engalingani ayikwazi ukukhiqiza isitatimende esifanayo. Uphahla luyisembozo somthwalo womoya neqhwa olune-vent elinganiselwe ukukhipha umhwamuko, futhi lapho umfudlana uphethe umhwamuko we-solvent, indlela ye-vent kuvunyelwana ngayo nocwaningo lokuphepha kwenqubo futhi kubhekiselwa kuzimvume zephunga nokukhishwa kwesizinda. Ifayela lokulethwa yilona elifundwa umcwaningi wamabhuku: izitifiketi zomshini wamaphaneli, amanani wokuqina kwe-enamel, amarekhodi okuhlolwa kwe-spark, amazinga ebhawodi netorque, ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto lapho kusebenza ukuthintana nokudla noma ukuthintana namanzi, imidwebo yokuhlanganisa kanye nencwadi yokusebenza enesikhathi sokuhlola.
Ukucaciswa Kwezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokuncibilika kwe-enamel | 820–930 °C | ingilazi encibilikisiwe ensimbi ngokushisa okukodwa |
Ubukhulu bongqimba lwe-enamel | 0.25–0.45 mm | isilinganiso sokukhishwa ngephaneli ngayinye |
Amandla e-enamel | ≥ 3450 N/cm² | isilinganiso sokugoba nokucindezela |
Ukutholwa kwe-Holiday | Ukuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC | iphaneli ngayinye ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa |
Ukuqedwa kwendawo | Ra < 0.8 µm | isekela ukuhlanzeka kanye nobufakazi bokuhlolwa |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | ≥ 30 iminyaka | ngaphakathi kwe-pH nesikhathi sokushisa okucacisiwe |
ukubekezelela i-pH | 1–14 | ukugeza nge-asidi nge-caustic CIP |
Ukuhlanganisa | amabhawudi ezinga 8.8, i-EPDM gasket | kuhlolwa, kusetshenziswe kabusha, i-torque iqoshwa |
Ukufaka Ithangi Egcekeni Lezinsiza Zomuthi
Ikhadi lendawo yokusebenzela izinsiza yilapho uhlelo oluboshiwe lubuyisela khona izindleko zalo. I-oda elivamile liyisethi yamathangi e-cylindrical enamel ase-ring beam eyabiwe: ithangi lokugeleza okunamandla aphezulu noma ocebile ngaphambi kwe-pretreatment, ithangi lokugcina le-neutralisation eline-dosing nokuxuba, kanye ne-buffer ngaphambi kokukhishwa noma ngaphambi kwe-biological treatment. Ithangi ngalinye lidinga ama-nozzles alo, i-manway kanye nophahla olulinganiswe ngokwenqubo, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ama-panels athunyelwa eyisicaba ukulethwa kungahlelwa ngezigaba ukuze indawo yokusebenzela ikhule ngokuhambisana nohlelo lokwakha esikhundleni sokulinda i-shell eyodwa eyakhiwe esitolo. Lapho iphrojekthi efanayo ihlanganisa i-polisher yokuhlanzeka okuphezulu ngempela enemikhawulo ye-metal ion, leso sikhwama sifanele sibe ku-316L; ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwe-enamel ne-alloy kufanele kubhalwe ku-utility specification nesizathu, hhayi kunqunywe ngosuku lokuthenga.
Icala Lephrojekthi
Iphrojekthi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Uchungechunge lwe-pharmaceutical epoxy-coated | Hebei, China | Ithangi le-FBE coated | 32,363 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugadwa kokufakwa |
Uchungechunge lwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini | Xinjiang, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 30,469 m³ kumathangi angama-27 | ukuhlinzeka + ukugadwa kokufakwa |
Uchungechunge lwamanzi angcolile okupheka utshwala | Sichuan, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 14,655 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + usizo lokwakha |
Uchungechunge lwamanzi angcolile kamasipala | Sichuan, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 17,420 m³ emathangini ayi-10 | ukuhlinzeka + ukusekela ukufakwa |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela le-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngamabhawudi kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi idizayini ibhekisela ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Okokusebenza kwezemithi, lokhu kuguqula ikhono elijwayelekile libe yisembozo se-enamel esihambisana ne-pH elinganisiwe kanye nephrofayili ye-solvent, ukuhlelwa kwekhava nokukhipha umoya okuvunyelwene ngakho nocwaningo lokuphepha kwenqubo, kanye nesethi ephelele yokuhlolwa kwefektri kanye nezitifiketi zezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezifakwe efayeleni lekhwalithi kunokuba zikhishwe njengamaphepha angahlelekile ekunikezelweni.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Yiliphi ivolumu okufanele libe nayo ithangi lamanzi angcolile ezemithi?
A1: Umthamo omkhulu wokukhishwa kwebhetshi elilodwa kanye nokugezwa komugqa okuhambisana nakho, kuphindwe ngezinsuku zokugcina ezidingwa ukwelashwa kwangaphansi, kanye nesikhala samahhashi sokuqina. Kuyisibalo sebhishi, hhayi isibalo sokugeleza okujwayelekile.
Q2: Ingabe i-enamel ibhekana namanzi angcolile anezincibilikisi?
A2: Ungqimba lwe-enamel alunazinto eziphilayo futhi alunamsebenzi ku-pH 1–14, ngakho-ke imithwalo yamanzi neyekhemikhali yokuhlanza ilula. Izincibilikisi eziphilayo zihlolwa ngokumelene nesicaciso se-enamel, futhi noma yini engaphandle kwalokho ibonakala ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwephaneli hhayi ngemuva kokusetshenziswa.
Q3: Ingabe ithangi lingasekela ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi?
A3: Yebo. Amarekhodi efektri — ukujiya kwe-enamel, ukuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC, i-torque yebhawodi, izitifiketi zokugaya zamaphaneli kanye nezitifiketi zezinto — zikhishwa njengeqoqo, futhi udonga olubushelelezi olungenazinto lusekela irekhodi lokuhlanza nokuhlolwa okubonakalayo okufunwa uhlelo lwekhwalithi.
Umbuzo 4: Ithangi lihlanjululwa kanjani phakathi kwemikhankaso?
Impendulo 4: Liyathululwa, ligezwe ngemikhemikhali ye-CIP yefektri uqobo, bese libukwa ngeso. Ngaphansi kuka-0.8 µm Ra ukuhlanza kungena esikhathini sokuvalwa komsebenzi, okuyisizathu esingokoqobo sokuthi indawo ebushelelezi icaciswe ohlangothini lwemfucuza kanye nohlangothi lomkhiqizo.
Umbuzo 5: Ingabe ithangi liyisitsha sokucindezela?
Impendulo 5: Cha. Yisitoreji somoya noma sokucindezela okuphansi. Uphahla lwakhelwe umoya kanye nomthwalo weqhwa futhi isikhala sokuphefumula silinganiselwe ukushintshwa komhwamuko, kanti ukukhululeka kunikezwa njengoba incazelo yephrojekthi idinga.
Umbuzo 6: Ingabe igceke lezinsiza lingakhula ngezigaba?
A6: Yebo. Amaphaneli athunyelwa ecaba futhi aboshelwa ndawonye, ngakho amathangi angangezwa linye ngesikhathi, noma izingqimba zengezwe kuqokojwana olukhona, kube nokuhlolwa kwentambo yendandatho ukuze ithwale umthwalo owengeziwe. Ithangi elidala lingachithwa futhi lisetshenziswe kabusha.
Q7: I-stainless ithatha nini indawo ye-enamel?
A7: Ezitsheni ezincane, zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu lapho kusebenza imikhawulo ye-ion yensimbi noma umsebenzi othile we-alloy ocacisiwe. I-enamel iphethe ukugcinwa okukhulu kanye nemigqa yokwelapha; lezi zinketho ezimbili kufanele zilinganiswe ngokwezindleko ndawonye nesizathu esishiwo encazelweni.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi angcolile ezemithi kunqunywa ngamakhemikhali, ivolumu yeqoqo kanye nokuhlanjululwa okufakazelwayo, futhi iphaneli ye-enamel ehlanganisiwe iphendula konke lokhu kukathathu ngomklamo weminyaka engamashumi amathathu wokuphila kanye nerekhodi lokuhlolwa kwasefektri elisinda ukucwaningwa. Ukulandelana kobunjiniyela kuhlala kufushane: linganisa ivolumu yeqoqo nokugeza, rekhoda ibanga le-pH kanye nempahla ye-solvent, setha izinsuku zokugcina, bese ulinganisa igobolondo kanye ne-vent. Ithangi le-glass fused to steel lamaphrojekthi okwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezemithi lidlula kude i-lining efakwe futhi lingandiswa njengoba amakhampeni eshintsha. Thumela iphrofayela yeqoqo, ibanga le-pH, uhlu lwe-solvent kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu, futhi ukukhetha kuba ukulethwa okunosuku kanye nephakethe yamadokhumenti.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela umthamo weqoqo kanye nemvamisa yokukhipha, ibanga le-pH, i-solvent kanye ne-CIP inventory enezilinganiso zokugxila, amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu oketshezi nomhwamuko, isakhiwo kanye nezidingo zocwaningo. Ithimba lobunjiniyela lizobuyisela ububanzi nokuphakama, uhlelo lwamaphaneli namabhawudi, isincomo se-gasket ne-vent, umthwalo wesisekelo, uhlu lokuhlolwa kwasefektri kanye nesitifiketi, kanye nohlelo lokulethwa ngezigaba. Lapho enye into yegobolondo ifaneleka kangcono, leyo nketho ishiwo eceleni kwesixazululo se-enamel nesizathu sayo esikhundleni sokuyishintsha.
WhatsApp